Japanese

QuestionAnswer
(air) temperature; (atmospheric) temperature
おんkion
(audio) speaker
スピーカーsupiikaa
(both) parents
(ご)りょうしん(go)ryoushin
(coat) hanger
ハンガーhangaa
(computer) memory
メモリーmemorii
(concrete) thing
ものmono
(cow's) milk
ぎゅうにゅうgyuunyuu
(hard) candy
あめame
(intangible) thing; matter
ことkoto
(official) document
しょるいshorui
(over) there
あそこasoko
(pleasantly) warm (object, food, emotion)
あたたかいatatakai
(romantic) date
デートdeeto
(service) counter
まどぐちmadoguchi
(someone else's) wife
おくさんokusan
(swimming) pool
プールpuuru
(unintended and destructive) fire
kaji

(Western-style) clothes
ようふくyoufuku
(your own) husband
おっとotto
(your own) wife
つまtsuma
(your own) wife
ないkanai

This term is more old-fashioned and formal, and it's often used by older men when referring to their own wives, particularly in formal or public settings. It carries a more humble and traditional connotation.

Note how the kanji in this word correspond to traditional gender roles. Therefore, younger people tend to prefer using the word つま.

... or something; something like ...
でもdemo
1,000
いっせんissen
100
ひゃくhyaku
2,000
せんnisen
20
じゅうnijuu
200
ひゃくnihyaku
3,000
さんぜんsanzen
30
さんじゅうsanjuu
300
さんびゃくsanbyaku
4,000
よんせんyonsen
40
よんじゅうyonjuu
400
よんひゃくyonhyaku
5,000
せんgosen
50
じゅうgojuu
500
ひゃくgohyaku
6,000
ろくせんrokusen
60
ろくじゅうrokujuu
600
ろっぴゃくroppyaku
7,000
ななせんnanasen
70
ななじゅうnanajuu
700
ななひゃくnanahyaku
8,000
はっせんhassen
80
はちじゅうhachijuu
800
はっぴゃくhappyaku
9,000
きゅうせんkyuusen
90
きゅうじゅうkyuujuu
900
きゅうひゃくkyuuhyaku
a crowd; a large number of people; many
おおぜいoozei
a few; a little, a bit
すこsukoshi

すこ is a bit more formal than ちょっと.

a few; a little; scarce; insufficient
すくないsukunai
a little bit
ちょっとchotto
a.m.
ぜんgozen
about; approximate time
ごろgoro
about; approximately
ぐらいgurai
accident
jiko
according to
に よる とni yoru to
address
アドレスadoresu
adult
となotona
advice
アドバイスadobaisu
Africa
アフリカafurika
after; afterward
あとato
afternoon; p.m.
gogo
again; also
またmata
ah, oh, uh
ああaa
air
くうkuuki
air conditioning; air conditioner
エアコンeakon
airplane
こうhikouki
album
アルバムarubamu
alcohol
アルコールarukooru
alcohol; rice wine
(お)さけ(o)sake
all; everything; entire
すべsubete
all; whole
ぜんzenbu
allergy
アレルギーarerugii
already; more; again
もうmou
always; never
itsumo
American football
アメフトamefuto
American person
アメリカじんamerikajin
and sentence conjunction
そしてsoshite
and; and then; since then
それからsorekara
and; as well as
およびoyobi
and; or not exhaustive
ya
and; or; with
to
andnot exclusive; doing such things as ...
〜たり〜tari
Andrew
アンドリューandoryuu
animal
どうぶつdoubutsu
animation
アニメanime
announcement; presentation; publication
はっぴょうhappyou
answer
こたkotae
apartment
マンションmanshon
apartment
アパートapaato
app; application
アプリapuri
apple
りんごringo
approximate time (but not in a very narrow window of time)
ころkoro
approximate time (but still pretty specific)
ごろgoro
April
がつshigatsu
Arabic
アラビアarabiago
area
へんhen
around
まわりmawari
arrival
とうちゃくtouchaku
as ... as possible
できる だけdekiru dake
ash; ashes
はいhai
ashtray
はいざらhaizara
Asia
アジアajia
assertion particle
yo
at; on; in; to; for [indirect object particle]
ni
August
はちがつhachigatsu
aunt
oba
autumn, fall
あきaki
baby, infant
あかちゃんakachan
back (of the body)
なかsenaka
bad (at), unskillful
heta
bad, evil
わるwarui
bag
かばんkaban

This is a general term for a bag, often referring to various kinds of handbags, school bags, or briefcases. It is more traditional and may be used more commonly in daily conversations than バッグ.

bag
バッグbaggu

This word is typically used to describe more fashionable or trendy bags, such as designer handbags, clutches, and the like. It carries a modern or fashionable connotation.

baggage, luggage
もつnimotsu
ball
たまtama
ball
ボールbooru
ballpoint pen
ボールペンboorupen
banana
バナナbanana
band
バンドbando
bank
ぎんこうginkou
bar
バーbaa
barbecue
バーベキューbaabekyuu
basement; underground
chika
bat
コウモリkoumori
bath
(お)(o)furo
battery
バッテリーbatterii
battery
でんdenchi
beach
ビーチbiichi
bean soup
まめ の スープmame no suupu
bean; pea; legume
まめmame
beautiful
うつくしいutsukushii
beautiful woman
じんbijin
beautifully; cleanly
きれいにkireini
because, since
からkara
because, since
のでnode
bed
ベッドbeddo
beef
ぎゅうにくgyuuniku
beer
ビールbiiru
before long; soon; nearly
もうすぐmousugu
beginning; start; first; initial
はじhajime
behind, back
うしushiro
bell
ベルberu
between
あいだaida
bicycle
てんしゃjitensha
big, large
おおきいookii
bill; check
かいけいokaikei
bird
とりtori
birthday
(お)たんじょう(o)tanjoubi
bitter
にがnigai
black
くろkuro
black
くろkuroi
black and white
しろくろshirokuro
black tea
こうちゃkoucha
blood
chi
blue
あおao
blue
ブルーburuu
bluealso green for traffic lights
あおaoi
body
からだkarada
Bon appétit. (Thank you for the meal)
いただきます。itadakimasu.
Literally: I humbly receive
book
ほんhon
bookshelf
ほんだなhondana
bookstore
ほんhonya
boring
まらないtsumaranai

Usually written using only hiragana.

boss; supervisor
じょうjoushi

じょう is a general term that means boss or supervisor and can refer to any person who holds a higher rank than you at work.

both ~
りょうryou〜
bottle; jar
びんbin
bow
ゆみyumi
box
はこhako
boxed lunch
(お)べんとう(o)bentou
boy
おとこ の otoko no ko
boyfriend
かれkare
bracelet
ブレスレットburesuretto
bread
パンpan
breakfast
あさはんasagohan
breakfast
ちょうしょくchoushoku
breath
いきiki
bridge
はしhashi
bright; cheerful
あかるいakarui
brown
ちゃいろchairo
brown
ちゃいろchairoi
buffet
バイキングbaikingu
building
たてものtatemono
building
ビルbiru
bus
バスbasu
business
ビジネスbijinesu
business suit
びろsebiro
busy
いそがしいisogashii
but
ga
but, however
でもdemo
but, however
しかしshikashi
butter
バターbataa
button
ボタンbotan
by himself; by herself
ぶん でjibun de
by the window
まどmadobe
by the 〜
〜be

Can only be used after some nouns, so don't just randomly attach this after any noun.

by; by the time
まで にmade ni
cafe
カフェkafe
café; coffee shop; tearoom
きってんkissaten
cake
ケーキkeeki
calendar
カレンダーkarendaa
camera
カメラkamera
cameraman
カメラマンkameraman
Canada
カナダkanada
cancer
ガンgan
candle
キャンドルkyandoru
candy; sweets; snacks
okashi
canoe
カヌーkanuu
capital
みやこmiyako
car
くるまkuruma
car; automobile
どうしゃjidousha
card
カードkaado
casual
カジュアルkajuaru
cat
ねこneko
cause; reason
げんいんgenin
ceiling
てんじょうtenjou
center
ちゅうしんchuushin
chair
isu
character; letter
ji
cheap
やすyasui
cheese
チーズchiizu
chemistry
がくkagaku
cherry
さくらんぼsakuranbo
cherry tree
さくらsakura
chicken
にわとりniwatori
chicken (meat)
とりにくtoriniku
child
どもkodomo
child
ko
child (polite)
さんokosan
children
どもたちkodomotachi
chimpanzee
チンパンジーchinpanjii
China
ちゅうごくchuugoku
Chinese character
かんkanji
Chinese language
ちゅうごくchuugokugo
Chinese person
ちゅうごくじんchuugokujin
chocolate
チョコレートchokoreeto
chocolate bar
チョコレートバーchokoreetobaa
chocolate cake
チョコレートケーキchokoreetokeeki
chopsticks
はしhashi
Christmas
クリスマスkurisumasu
cigarettes; tobacco
タバコtabako
cinema
えいかんeigakan
city
shi

is a political term that designates a city as an administrative unit. It's equivalent to the English word city when used in the context of a municipality.

city
toshi

is more generic than and refers to the concept of a city as a populated and developed area. It doesn't necessarily imply a political or administrative boundary like does. The term is more comparable to the English use of urban area or metropolis.

city center
しんtoshin
city; (urban area)
かいtokai
class
クラスkurasu
class; lesson; instruction
じゅぎょうjugyou
classroom
きょうしつkyoushitsu
cleaner; dry cleaner
クリーニングkuriininguya
cleaning; dry cleaning
クリーニングkuriiningu
cleaning; sweeping
そうsouji
clear weather; sunny weather
hare
close friend; best friend
しんゆうshinyuu
clothes; outfit
ふくfuku
cloud
くもkumo
cloudy weather; cloudiness
くもkumori
club
クラブkurabu
coat
コートkooto
coat; jacket; outer garment
うわuwagi
coffee
コーヒーkoohii
coffee beans
コーヒーまめkoohiimame
coffee cup
コーヒーカップkoohiikappu
cold; flu
kaze
coldthing
つめたいtsumetai
coldweather
さむsamui
color
いろiro
comedy
コメディkomedi
company
かいしゃkaisha
completely, entirely
すっかりsukkari
composition; essay
さくぶんsakubun
computer
コンピューターkonpyuutaa
computer
パソコンpasokon
computer
コンピュータkonpyuuta

Alternative spelling of コンピューター

concerning; regarding
に つい てni tsui te
concert
コンサートkonsaato
confirmation particle
ne
congratulations
おめでとうomedetou
congratulations
おめでとう ございますomedetou gozaimasu

This is more polite and formal than just おめでとう

convenience store
コンビニkonbini
cook
りょうにんryourinin
cookie
クッキーkukkii
copy
コピーkopii
corner
かどkado
correct; right
ただしいtadashii
corridor; hallway
ろうrouka
counter for flat, thin objects
まいmai
country
くにkuni
countryside; (rural area)
なかinaka
cow
うしushi
crab
カニkani
cream
クリームkuriimu
credit
クレジットkurejitto
credit card
クレジット カードkurejitto kaado
crocodile
ワニwani
crow
カラスkarasu
Cuba
キューバkyuuba
cucumber
きゅうりkyuuri
culture
ぶんbunka
cup
カップkappu
cup counter
はい〜hai

Used to count cups, glasses, bowls, or servings of liquid, such as drinks and soups.

It can also be used to count things that are typically served in a vessel, like scoops of ice cream or servings of rice.

The pronunciation changes just as any other counter that starts with an h-sound, such as 本hon and 百hyaku.

curry
カレーkaree
cute
わいkawaii
dance; dancing
おどodori
dangerous
あぶないabunai
dark; gloomy
くらkurai
data
データdeeta
daughter
むすめmusume
day
hi
day (of the week)
ようyoubi
day counter
にち〜nichi
day eight; eight days
ようyouka
day five; five days
いつitsuka
day four; four days
よっyokka
day fourteen; fourteen days
じゅうよっjuuyokka
day nine; nine days
ここのkokonoka
day off
やすみ の yasumi no hi
day one
ついたちtsuitachi
day seven; seven days
なのnanoka
day seventeen; seventeen days
じゅうしちにちjuushichinichi
day six; six days
むいmuika
day ten; ten days
とおtooka
day three; three days
みっmikka
day twenty-four; twenty-four days
じゅうよっnijuuyokka
day twenty-seven; twenty-seven days
じゅうしちにちnijuushichinichi
day twenty; twenty days
hatsuka
day two; two days
ふつfutsuka
dead body; corpse
たいshitai
death
shi
December
じゅう がつjuu nigatsu
deer
シカshika
deer
鹿しかshika

Also written using katakana.

definitely; necessarily; invariably
かならkanarazu

かならexpresses a strong commitment or assurance that something will happen or is the case. It's often used to make promises or to express unwavering certainty.

degrees counter
~~do

This is the same counter as the times counter .

delicious
おいしいoishii
delicious
しいoishii

Alternative way to write おいしい

department manager
ちょうbuchou

A ちょう is responsible for overseeing an entire department within the company. This position typically involves managing multiple sections or teams within the department and making strategic decisions that align with the company’s broader goals.

A ちょう ranks above a ちょう.

department store
デパートdepaato
design
デザインdezain
designer
デザイナーdezainaa
desk
つくえtsukue
dessert
デザートdezaato
diamond
ダイヤモンドdaiyamondo
diary; journal
にっnikki
dictionary
しょjisho
dictionary
jibiki
difference
ちがchigai
difficult; hard
むずかしいmuzukashii
dining hall; cafeteria
しょくどうshokudou
dinner
よるはんyorugohan
dinner
ばんはんbangohan

ばんはん is more commonly used than よるはん.

dinner
ゆうしょくyuushoku
dinner; evening meal
ゆうはんyuuhan
direct object particle
o
direction, way; side
ほうhou
dirty
きたなkitanai
disliked; hated
きらkirai
district in Tokyo that's famous for it's park
うえueno
do imperative
なさいnasai
dog
いぬinu
dollar
ドルdoru
doorbell
ドアベルdoaberu
down; under; lower; below
したshita
draft beer
なま ビールnama biiru
drama
ドラマdorama
drawer
hikidashi
dress (garment)
ドレスdoresu
dress shirt
ワイシャツwaishatsu

The term ワイシャツ is derived from the English word white shirt, but in Japanese, it generally refers to any formal dress shirt, not necessarily white.

drink, beverage
ものnomimono
driving; operation (of a machine)
うんてんunten
duration suffix
かん〜kan
ear
みみmimi
early; fast
はやhayai
early; fast
はやhayaku
earrings (for pierced ears)
ピアスpiasu
earrings (wearable without pierced ears)
イヤリングiyaringu
earthquake
しんjishin
east
ひがしhigashi
easy, simple
かんたんkantan
easy; plain; simple
やさしいyasashii
egg
たまごtamago
eight
はちhachi
eight (objects)
やっyattsu
eighty thousand
はちまんhachiman
electric train
でんしゃdensha
electricity; electric light
でんdenki
elementary school
しょうがっこうshougakkou
elevator
エレベーターerebeetaa
email
メールmeeru
email address
メール アドレスmeeru adoresu
embassy
たい使かんtaishikan
end
わりowari
engine
エンジンenjin
engineer
エンジニアenjinia
England; United Kindom, Britain
イギリスigirisu
English (language)
えいeigo
enjoyment; pleasure
たのしみtanoshimi
entrance
ぐちiriguchi
entrance
げんかんgenkan
envelope
ふうとうfuutou
era; period; age
だいjidai
escalator
エスカレーターesukareetaa
et cetera, and so on, and the like
などnado
Europe
ヨーロッパyooroppa
Even if; even though; (after nouns and na-adjectives)
で もde mo
Even if; even though; (after verbs and i-adjectives)
〜て も〜te mo
even; (extreme extent)
までmade
evening
ばんban
ばん represents the time from sunset to bedtime.
evening; dusk
ゆうがたyuugata

Typically refers to the time period in the late afternoon to early evening, around sunset.

event
イベントibento
every day
まいにちmainichi
every evening, every night
まいばんmaiban
every month
まいつきmaitsuki
every morning
まいあさmaiasa
every week
まいしゅうmaishuu
every year
まいとしmaitoshi
every year
まいねんmainen
every ~
まいmai
everyone; everybody
みんなminna

Often written using hiragana instead of kanji.

Can also refer to things instead of people, but ぜん is more common in that case.

exactly, precisely; just
ちょうchoudo
exam; test
けんshiken
exciting; much-anticipated
たのしみtanoshimi
Excuse me for interrupting you; Used as a greeting when entering someone's home
じゃします。ojamashimasu.
Excuse me, are you free?
ちょっと いい です か?chotto ii desu ka?
Excuse me.
しつれいします。shitsureishimasu.
exercise; movement
うんどうundou
exit
ぐちdeguchi
expensive; high, tall
たかtakai
experience
けいけんkeiken
extremelyslang
めちゃmecha
eye
me
face
かおkao
family
ぞくkazoku
family photo
ぞくしゃしんkazokushashin
family trip
ぞくりょこうkazokuryokou
famous
ゆうめいyuumei
far, distant
とおtooi
far; distant; far away
とおtooku
fashion
ファッションfasshon
fast
はやhayai

While both はや and はや can mean fast, when referring purely to speed and not also implying earliness, it's more common to use はや.

fast
はやhayaku
fat
ふとfutoi
father
とうさんotousan
father
ちちおやchichioya
father plain
ちちchichi
Father's Day
ちち の chichi no hi
fax
ファックスfakkusu
feast
そうchisou
February
がつnigatsu
feeling
kimochi
feeling; mood
ぶんkibun
fence
フェンスfensu
festival; celebration
(お)まつ(o)matsuri
fifty thousand
まんgoman
film
フィルムfirumu
finally, at last
ついにtsuini
fire
hi
fireworks
はなhanabi
first of all; to start with
まずmazu
first; best
いちばんichiban
fish
さかなsakana
five
go
five (objects)
いつitsutsu
flavor; taste
あじaji
floor
ゆかyuka
floor counter
かい〜kai
flower
はなhana
flowers
はなばなhanabana
flute
フルートfuruuto
food
ものtabemono
food, cuisine
りょうryouri
foot; leg
あしashi
for the first time; the first time
はじめてhajimete
for the sake of; in order to; because of
ため にtame ni
foreign country
がいこくgaikoku
foreign language
がいこくgaikokugo
foreigner
がいこくじんgaikokujin
forestmanmade
はやしhayashi
forestnatural
もりmori
fork
フォークfooku
forty thousand
よんまんyonman
fountain pen
まんねんひつmannenhitsu
four
よんyon
four (objects)
よっyottsu
fours
shi
fox
キツネkitsune
France
フランスfuransu
free (of charge)
りょうmuryou
French (language)
フランスfuransugo
Friday
きんようkinyoubi
friend
ともだちtomodachi
friend
ゆうじんyuujin
friend
ともだちtomodachi

alternative spelling

frog
カエルkaeru
from; since; after
からkara
front; before
まえmae
fruit
くだものkudamono
frying pan
フライパンfuraipan
full
いっぱいippai
fun; enjoyable
たのしいtanoshii
funny; strange
おかしいokashii
futon; traditional Japanese bedding
とんfuton

A とん is a traditional Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet. It is designed to be placed directly on tatami flooring and can be easily folded and stored away during the day to save space.

future
らいmirai
game
ゲームgeemu
game; playing
あそasobi
garden, yard
にわniwa
gas
ガスgasu
gas station; petrol station
ガソリンスタンドgasorinsutando
gasoline; petrol
ガソリンgasorin
gate
もんmon
general object counter
tsu
genre
ジャンルjanru
gentle, tender, kind, friendly
やさしいyasashii
geography
chiri
German language
ドイツdoitsugo
Germany
ドイツdoitsu
giraffe
キリンkirin
girl
おんな の onna no ko
girlfriend
かのじょkanojo
glass (material)
ガラスgarasu
glasses
がねmegane
goal
ゴールgooru
goat
yagi
gold
きんkin
golf
ゴルフgorufu
good
いいii
good
ii

alternative spelling

good (at); skillful
じょうjouzu
Good day.
こんにち は。konnichi wa.
Good evening.
こんばん は。konban wa.
Good morning.
おはよう ございます。ohayou gozaimasu.
Good morning.casual
おはよう。ohayou.
Good night.
おやすみ なさい。oyasumi nasai.
Goodbye.
さようなら。sayounara.
gorilla
ゴリラgorira
gradually
だんだんdandan
graduation
そつぎょうsotsugyou
gram
グラムguramu
grammar for indicating an ongoing state or action
〜て いる〜te iru
grammar indicating remaining state intentionally brought about by someone
〜て ある〜te aru
grandfather
sofu

is a formal alternative for grandfather. You might encounter this word in written contexts or official documents. In most contexts it's advised to use じいさんさん instead, as it sounds more friendly and respectful.

grandfather; old man
(お)さん(o)jiisan
grandmother
sobo

is a formal alternative for grandmother. You might encounter this word in written contexts or official documents. In most contexts it's advised to use ばあさん instead, as it sounds more friendly and respectful.

grandmother; old lady
(お)ばあさん(o)baasan
grape
ぶどうbudou
grass
くさkusa
gray
はいいろhaiiro
gray
グレーguree
green
みどりmidori
green tea
(お)ちゃ(o)cha
greengrocer
yaoya
guest; customer
(お)きゃく(さん)(o)kyaku(san)
guitar
ギターgitaa
gum
ガムgamu
gym
ジムjimu
had better; should
ほう が いいhou ga ii
half
はんhan
half
はんぶんhanbun
ham
ハムhamu
hammock
ハンモックhanmokku
hamster
ハムスターhamusutaa
handkerchief
ハンカチhankachi
handmade
ずくtezukuri
hands
te
happiness
しあわshiawase
happy
しあわshiawase
Happy birthday!
たんじょう おめでとう!tanjoubi omedetou!
Happy New Year!
しんねん おめでとう!shinnen omedetou!
hat
ぼうboushi
hated
だいきらdaikirai
having; with
の あるno aru
Hawaii
ハワイhawai
he
かれkare
head
あたまatama
headache
つうzutsuu
heart; spirit, mind, soul
こころkokoro
heat
ねつnetsu
heat weather
あつatsusa
heavy
おもomoi
herbivore
そうしょくsoushoku
here
ここkoko
here you are
どうぞdouzo
high school
こうこうkoukou
hiking
ハイキングhaikingu
Hiroshima
ひろしまhiroshima
hobby
しゅshumi
holiday, day off
きゅうじつkyuujitsu
home
うちuchi
home country, homeland
こくbokoku
hometown (area); local (area)
もとjimoto
homework
宿しゅくだいshukudai
honorific postfix
さまsama
Can be used after a noun or な-adjective prefixed with お- or ご- honorifics.
honorific prefix
o
honorific prefix
go
hook
フックfukku
horizontal
よこyoko
horizontal writing
よこyokogaki
horse
うまuma
hospital
びょういんbyouin
hospitalization
にゅういんnyuuin
hot
ホットhotto

ホット is neither an い-adjective nor a な-adjective. It's a noun.

When used to describe a hot drink like coffee, ホット コーヒー, it functions more like a noun as part of a compound noun.

hotthing
あつatsui
hotweather
あつatsui
hotel
ホテルhoteru
hour (counter)
〜ji
house; home
いえie
household, family, home
ていkatei
how
いかがikaga
How do you do? / Nice to meet you.When meeting for the first time
はじめまして。hajimemashite.
how many
いくつikutsu
how many hours
なんかんnanjikan
how many people
なんにんnannin
how many times
なんかいnankai
how many times, how often; many times
なんnando
how many years old
なんさいnansai
how much
いくらikura
how; by what means/method
どうやってdouyatte
how; how about; what
どうdou
The only difference between どう and いかが is that いかが is more polite than どう.
how; what; (what with)
なんnanto
humor
ユーモアyuumoa
hundred thousand
じゅうまんjuuman
husband
(ご)しゅじん(go)shujin

Note how, just as with ない the kanji in this word correspond to traditional gender roles.

The problem is that though among friends you can use おっと, in a less casual setting there's not currently really a good alternative to しゅじん to politely refer to someone else's husband.

hut; cabin; shed
koya
I
わたしwatashi
I beg your pardon; Excuse me.
ごめん なさい。gomen nasai.
I wonder
かなkana
I'm back.
ただいま。tadaima.
Literally "just now", an abbreviation of "I've returned just now": ただいま帰りました
I'm leaving (the house).
いってきます。ittekimasu.
Literally: I'll go and come back.
I'm pleased to meet you. Please treat me well
(どうぞ) よろしく おねがいします。(douzo) yoroshiku onegaishimasu.
I'm pleased to meet you. Please treat me well
どうぞ よろしく。douzo yoroshiku.
I'm sorry for ...
〜て すみません〜te sumimasen
I'm sorry for ...
〜て ごめん なさい〜te gomen nasai
I'm sorry; pardon me; thank you
すみませんsumimasen
ice cream
アイスクリームaisukuriimu
ice tea
アイスティaisuti
ice; ice cream
アイスaisu
Iceland
アイスランドaisurando
idea
アイディアaidia
if
to
if
〜ば〜ba
if ... is the case
。。。 なら... nara
if not
〜なければ〜nakereba
if not; (after na-adjectives and nouns)
じゃ なければja nakereba
if not; (after na-adjectives and nouns)
で なければde nakereba
if; (following na-adjective or noun)
ならばnaraba
if; (following na-adjective or noun)
で あればde areba
immediately; right away
ぐ にsugu ni
important; precious
たいせつtaisetsu
important; significant
じゅうようjuuyou
in, inside; middle
なかnaka
inconvenience; inconvenient
便べんfuben
India
インドindo
insect
むしmushi
insult; slander, speaking ill
わるぐちwaruguchi
intelligent, smart
あたま が いいatama ga ii
intended for; aimed at
〜muke
intention
つもりtsumori
interesting; amusing
おもしろomoshiroi
international student; foreign exchange student
りゅうがくせいryuugakusei
internet
インターネットintaanetto
intersection
こうてんkousaten
interview
インタビューintabyuu
iron
てつtetsu
island
しまshima
island nation
しまぐにshimaguni
it is necessary to ...; it is needed to ...
。。。 ひつよう が ある... hitsuyou ga aru
it is not the case
じゃ ないja nai
it is not the case
じゃ ありませんja arimasen
it is not the case
で は ありませんde wa arimasen
it is not the case; is not
で は ないde wa nai
It is ok to 〜
〜て も いい (です)〜te mo ii (desu)
It was a feast. (Thank you for the meal)
そうさま でした。gochisousama deshita.
It was a feast. (Thank you for the meal)
そうさま。gochisousama.
It's ok not to; to not have to
〜なくて も いい〜nakute mo ii
Italy
イタリアitaria
jam; (as in the fruit preserve)
ジャムjamu
January
いちがつichigatsu
Japan
ほんnihon
Japanese (language)
ほんnihongo
Japanese (person)
ほんじんnihonjin
Japanese style door
to
Jewish person
ユダヤじんyudayajin
Jim
ジムjimu
jogging, jog
ジョギングjogingu
John
ジョンjon
Judea (southern Palestine)
ユダヤyudaya
juice
ジュースjuusu
July
しちがつshichigatsu
June
ろくがつrokugatsu
junior high school; middle school
ちゅうがっこうchuugakkou
just a little
すこし だけsukoshi dake
just now
ただいまtadaima
Karaoke
カラオケkaraoke
karate
からkarate
key
かぎkagi
kilogram
キログラムkiroguramu
kilometer
キロメートルkiromeetoru
kind; kindness
しんせつshinsetsu
king
おうou
kitchen
だいどころdaidokoro
kitten
ねこkoneko
knife
ナイフnaifu
Kyoto
きょうkyouto
label
ラベルraberu
lake
みずうみmizuumi
language
げんgengo
language suffix
〜go
laptop
ラップトップrapputoppu
last month
せんげつsengetsu
last night
ゆうyuube
last night
さくsakuya

A more formal or literary term for last night compared to ゆう.

last week
せんしゅうsenshuu
last year
きょねんkyonen
late
おそosoku
late; slow
おそosoi
Later!casual
また ね。mata ne.
laundry; things to wash
せんたくものsentakumono
laundry; washing
せんたくsentaku
leaf
ha
learn
ならnarau

Learning through practice and repetition, often with a teacher or in a formal setting.

left
ひだりhidari
lemon
レモンremon
length
ながnagasa
let me see; well; err
えっとetto
You can use this interjection if you need time to think.
let me see; well; err
ええとeeto
Means the same as えっと
letter
がみtegami
library
しょかんtoshokan
life
じんせいjinsei
light
ひかりhikari
light blue
みずいろmizuiro
light rain
さめkosame
light, (not heavy)
かるkarui
like that
あんなanna
like that, (referring to something close to the listener or something mentioned in the conversation)
そんなsonna
like this, this kind of
こんなkonna
liked; likeable; loved; lovable
suki
lion
ライオンraion
list
リストrisuto
lively, bustling
にぎやかnigiyaka
lizard
トカゲtokage
location particle (for events and actions)
de
locker
ロッカーrokkaa
London
ロンドンrondon
long
ながnagai
long, cylindrical object counter
ほん〜hon
looking forward to; being excited about
たのしみtanoshimi
Los Angeles
ロサンゼルスrosanzerusu
love
あいai
loved; very likeable
だいdaisuki
low, short
ひくhikui
lukewarm
ぬるnurui
lunch
ひるはんhirugohan
magazine
ざっzasshi
mail; postal service
ゆう便びんyuubin
make
つくtsukuru
makeup
メイクmeiku
making, producing; make, construction, structure
つくtsukuri
man
おとこotoko
manmade, artificial
じんこうjinkou
many times
なん もnando mo
many, much, a lot
たくさんtakusan
many, much, a lot
たくさんtakusan

Alternative way to write たくさん

many, numerous
おおooi
many; most
おおooku
map
chizu
March
さんがつsangatsu
mark
マークmaaku
marriage
けっこんkekkon
Mary
メアリーmearii
mat
マットmatto
match
マッチmatchi

A small stick used to light a fire or a competition.

maternal side
ははかたhahakata
mathematics
すうがくsuugaku
May
がつgogatsu
May I come in; Please forgive me.
ごめん ください。gomen kudasai.
meal
しょくshokuji
meaning; sense; significance
imi
meat
にくniku
medical doctor
しゃisha
medicine
くすりkusuri
meeting
ミーティングmiitingu
memo
メモmemo
memories; recollections
おもomoide
menu
メニューmenyuu
Mercedes
メルセデスmerusedesu
message
メッセージmesseeji
meter
メートルmeetoru
method/means particle
de
Mexican
メキシカンmekishikan
milk
ミルクmiruku
million
ひゃくまんhyakuman
mind, heart
ki
minute (counter)
ふん〜fun
mobile phone
けいたいでんkeitaidenwa
model
モデルmoderu
Monday
げつようgetsuyoubi
money
(お)かね(o)kane
month of the year
がつgatsu
moon; month
つきtsuki
more
もっとmotto
morning
あさasa
morning sun
あさasahi
Morocco
モロッコmorokko
mother
ははおやhahaoya
mother plain
ははhaha
mother polite
かあさんokaasan
Mother's Day
はは の haha no hi
mountain
やまyama
mouse; rat
ネズミnezumi
mouth
くちkuchi
movie
えいeiga
music
おんがくongaku
must not
〜ちゃ いけない〜cha ikenai
must not
〜ちゃ ダメ〜cha dame
must not; is not allowed
〜て は いけない〜te wa ikenai
must not; is not allowed
〜て は いけません〜te wa ikemasen
Nagoya
nagoya
name
(お)まえ(o)namae
narrow; small
せまsemai
near
ちかchikai
near here
この ちかく にkono chikaku ni
near; beside
そばsoba

そば is usually written using kana alone as そば, and indicates proximity or nearness to something or someone, without specifying a particular side.

がわ specifies a particular side or aspect of something. Often used with direction words to indicate specific sides, such as right, left, this side, that side, etc.

necessary; necessity
ひつようhitsuyou
neck
くびkubi
necklace
ネックレスnekkuresu
neighborhood, vicinity
ちかchikaku
never again
nidoto
new
あたらしいatarashii
New Year
しんねんshinnen
New Year's Day
がんじつganjitsu
New York
ニュー ヨークnyuu yooku
news
ニュースnyuusu
newspaper
しんぶんshinbun
next month
らいげつraigetsu
next to
となりtonari
next week
らいしゅうraishuu
next year
らいねんrainen
next, following, coming
つぎtsugi
night
よるyoru

よる represents the time from sunset to sunrise. よる thus includes the time while you're asleep, whereas ばん does not.

night sky
ぞらyozora
nine
きゅうkyuu
nine (objects)
ここのkokonotsu
ninety thousand
きゅうまんkyuuman
no
いいえiie
no good, useless
だめdame
no one; nobody
だれ もdare mo
noisy; annoying
うるさいurusai
noon; daytime
ひるhiru
north
きたkita
nose
はなhana
not
ないnai
not even once
いち もichido mo
not limited to; not only
だけで は なくdakede wa naku
not limited to; not only
だけで なくdakede naku
not much; not very
あまamari
notebook
ノートnooto
nothing, (not) anything
なにnanimo
novelist, writer
さっsakka
November
じゅう いちがつjuu ichigatsu
now
いまima
number
ばんごうbangou
obstacle; hindrance
じゃjama
occurrence counter; number of times
かい〜kai
October
じゅうがつjuugatsu
office
オフィスofisu
office worker
サラリーマンsarariiman
often
よくyoku
old
ふるfurui
older brother plain
あにani
older brother polite
にいさんoniisan
older sister plain
あねane
older sister polite
ねえさんoneesan
omurice; fried rice wrapped in an omelette
オムライスomuraisu
on; above; up; top
うえue
once
いっかいikkai
once
いちichido
one
いちichi
one (object)
ひとhitotsu
one day
いちにちichinichi
one person; alone
ひとhitori
oneself
ぶんjibun
onion
たまねぎtamanegi
online
オンラインonrain
only, just, merely
ただtada
only, just; nothing but, no more than
しかshika

Used together with a negative verb.

only; just
だけdake
opinion; view
けんiken
or exhaustive
ka
orangefruit; color
オレンジorenji
orchid
ランran
order
ちゅうもんchuumon
other side; over there, beyond
こうmukou
other, another
ほかhoka

Often written using hiragana only.

outside
そとsoto
overseas trip; travel abroad
かいがいりょこうkaigairyokou
overseas, abroad, foreign
かいがいkaigai
owner (of a store); landlord
しゅじんshujin
package
もつnimotsu
page
ページpeeji
painful, sore
いたitai
paint; (the kind used for painting walls, buildings, and other surfaces)
ペンキpenki
painter
gaka
painting
かいkaiga
pancake
パンケーキpankeeki
paper
かみkami
pardon; sorry
ごめんgomen
parent(s)
おやoya
Paris
パリpari
park
こうえんkouen
part-time job
アルバイトarubaito

Borrowed from the German word Arbeit, which means work or job.

participation
さんsanka
particle for connecting nouns
de
particle used at the end of a sentence for explanation, confirmation, softening or emphasis
no
party
パーティーpaatii
passing an exam or test
ごうかくgoukaku
passive form suffix
〜あれる〜areru
password
パスワードpasuwaado
pasta
パスタpasuta
patch of (typically long and dense) grass
くさむらkusamura
paternal side
ちちかたchichikata
peace of mind; relief
あんしんanshin
pen
ペンpen
pencil
えんぴつenpitsu
people
ひとびとhitobito
people counter
にん〜nin
percent
パーセントpaasento
period (of time)
あいだaida
person
ひとhito
person
かたkata
person from ... (suffix for indicating nationality, race or origin)
じん〜jin
pet
ペットpetto
phone number
でんばんごうdenwabangou
piano
ピアノpiano
picnic
ピクニックpikunikku
picture, photo
しゃしんshashin
picture; drawing; painting; sketch
e
piece of music; song; tune; music
きょくkyoku
pig
ぶたbuta
pink
ピンクpinku
pizza
ピザpiza
place
ところtokoro
place; location; spot
しょbasho
plan
プランpuran
plan
けいかくkeikaku

けいかく refers to a plan, project, or scheme that involves detailed planning and preparation. It often implies a more structured and strategic approach.

plan; plans
ていyotei

てい refers to a single scheduled instance or arrangement. It implies a fixed or pre-determined plan, often involving time or dates.

plate, dish
(お)さら(o)sara
please
くださいkudasai
Please go ahead; Please go first; After you
さき に どうぞ。osaki ni douzo.
Please go ahead; Please go first; After you
どうぞ おさき にdouzo osaki ni
please; go ahead
どうぞdouzo
pluralizing suffix
たちtachi
pluralizing suffix
ra
pluralizing suffix
たち〜tachi
pocket
ポケットpoketto
Pokemon
ポケモンpokemon
police box
こうばんkouban

A こうばん is a small neighborhood police station commonly found in Japan where police officers provide various services, such as giving directions, handling lost and found items, and responding to local incidents.

police officer
けいかんkeikan
police officer
まわりさんomawarisan

まわりりさん is a polite and somewhat affectionate term for a police officer.

polite name ender
さんsan
politician
せいseijika
politics; government
せいseiji
pond
いけike
popcorn
ポップコーンpoppukoon
popularity
にんninki
population
じんこうjinkou
pork
ぶたにくbutaniku
portable; cellphone
けいたいkeitai
possessive case particle
no
post office
ゆう便びんきょくyuubinkyoku
postage stamp
きっkitte
postbox; mailbox
ポストposuto
postcard
がきhagaki
potatoe
ポテトpoteto
potential form
〜える; 〜られる〜eru; 〜rareru

For verbs in Group 1, change the final う-sound into an え-sound, and add -る as ending.

For verbs in Group 2, change the -る ending into -られる.

poundunit of weight; currency
ポンドpondo
power, strength
ちからchikara
practice; training
れんしゅうrenshuu
present
プレゼントpurezento
pretty, beautiful; clean
きれいkirei
previous, past, after; ahead
さきsaki
probably, I think; isn't it, right?
でしょうdeshou
probably, I think; isn't it, right?