Nihon-shiki romanizationwatasi ha tyuugoku kara kimasita
Hepburn romanizationwatashi wa chuugoku kara kimashita
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name | (お)名前(o)namae |
| grandmother; old lady | (お)婆さん(o)baasan |
| guest; customer | (お)客(さん)(o)kyaku(san) |
| temple | (お)寺(o)tera |
| shop, store | (お)店(o)mise |
| boxed lunch | (お)弁当(o)bentou |
| plate, dish | (お)皿(o)sara |
| grandfather; old man | (お)祖父さん(o)jiisan |
| congratulation; celebration; congratulatory gift | (お)祝い(o)iwai |
| to celebrate | (お)祝いわいする(o)iwaisuru |
| festival; celebration | (お)祭り(o)matsuri |
| green tea | (お)茶(o)cha |
| birthday | (お)誕生日(o)tanjoubi |
| alcohol; rice wine | (お)酒(o)sake |
| money | (お)金(o)kane |
| wish, hope | (お)願い(o)negai |
| to request; to wish; to hope | (お)願いする(o)negaisuru |
| bath | (お)風呂(o)furo |
| to take a bath | (お)風呂 に 入る(o)furo ni hairu |
| (both) parents | (ご)両親(go)ryoushin |
| husband | (ご)主人(go)shujin Note how, just as with 家内 the kanji in this word correspond to traditional gender roles. The problem is that though among friends you can use 夫, in a less casual setting there's not currently really a good alternative to ご主人 to politely refer to someone else's husband. |
| I'm pleased to meet you. Please treat me well | (どうぞ) よろしく お願いします。(douzo) yoroshiku onegaishimasu. |
| What does X mean? | X は 何 の 意味 です か？X wa nan no imi desu ka? |
| let me see; well; err | ええとeeto Means the same as えっと |
| let me see; well; err | えっとetto You can use this interjection if you need time to think. |
| child (polite) | お子さんokosan |
| because, since | からkara |
| though, although | けどkedo |
| though, although | けれどkeredo |
| but, however | しかしshikashi |
| See ya.casual | じゃあ ね。jaa ne. |
| to do | するsuru |
| only, just, merely | ただtada |
| only; just | だけdake |
| a little bit | ちょっとchotto |
| but, however | でもdemo |
| because, since | のでnode |
| to do | やるyaru やる has a more casual tone compared to する and is often used in everyday conversation. It's also often used when talking about doing a task, especially a chore. |
| U.S.A. | アメリカamerika |
| England; United Kindom, Britain | イギリスigirisu |
| game | ゲームgeemu |
| bag | バッグbaggu This word is typically used to describe more fashionable or trendy bags, such as designer handbags, clutches, and the like. It carries a modern or fashionable connotation. |
| plan | プランpuran |
| I’m glad that…; It’s good that… | ～て よかった～te yokatta |
| degrees counter | ~度~do This is the same counter as the times counter 〜度. |
| if ... is the case | 。。。 なら... nara |
| it is necessary to ...; it is needed to ... | 。。。 必要 が ある... hitsuyou ga aru |
| ten (objects) | 十つtoo |
| To move (house) | 引っ越すhikkosu |
| reason suffix | 〜te |
| must not | 〜ちゃ いけない〜cha ikenai |
| must not | 〜ちゃ ダメ〜cha dame |
| to decide on ~ | 〜 に する〜 ni suru |
| to be sensitive to; to be susceptible to | 〜 に 弱い〜 ni yowai |
| passive form suffix | 〜あれる〜areru |
| potential form | 〜える； 〜られる〜eru; 〜rareru For verbs in Group 1, change the final う-sound into an え-sound, and add -る as ending. For verbs in Group 2, change the -る ending into -られる. |
| volitional form | 〜おう、 〜よう〜ou, 〜you |
| thing; situation; verb nominalizer | 〜こと〜koto |
| to have done (before) | 〜こと が ある〜koto ga aru |
| to be able to; to be possible to | 〜こと が できる〜koto ga dekiru |
| verb suffix to express desire | 〜たい〜tai |
| sequential conditional | 〜たら〜tara |
| andnot exclusive; doing such things as ... | 〜たり〜tari |
| verb suffix for forming the imperative, among other things | 〜て〜te |
| grammar indicating remaining state intentionally brought about by someone | 〜て ある〜te aru |
| grammar for indicating an ongoing state or action | 〜て いる〜te iru |
| I'm sorry for ... | 〜て ごめん なさい〜te gomen nasai |
| I'm sorry for ... | 〜て すみません〜te sumimasen |
| must not; is not allowed | 〜て は いけない〜te wa ikenai |
| must not; is not allowed | 〜て は いけません〜te wa ikemasen |
| Even if; even though; (after verbs and i-adjectives) | 〜て も〜te mo |
| It is ok to 〜 | 〜て も いい (です)〜te mo ii (desu) |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜ない と いけない〜nai to ikenai |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜ない と ダメ (です)〜nai to dame (desu) |
| without doing | 〜ないで〜naide |
| while ... | 〜ながら〜nagara |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくちゃ〜nakucha |
| to not do 〜 and ...; to not do 〜 so ... | 〜なくて〜nakute |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくて は いけない〜nakute wa ikenai |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくて は ならない〜nakute wa naranai |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくて は ダメ〜nakute wa dame |
| It's ok not to; to not have to | 〜なくて も いい〜nakute mo ii |
| if not | 〜なければ〜nakereba |
| if | 〜ば〜ba |
| throughout, duringused after a noun | 〜中〜chuu Sometimes the initial t-sound changes into a d-sound due to rendaku, a phenomenon where the initial consonant of the second part of a compound word becomes voiced. Unfortunately, there are no clear rules for when rendaku applies. |
| people counter | 〜人〜nin |
| person from ... (suffix for indicating nationality, race or origin) | 〜人〜jin |
| minute (counter) | 〜分〜fun |
| intended for; aimed at | 〜向け〜muke |
| occurrence counter; number of times | 〜回〜kai |
| suffix to indicate profession or expertise | 〜家〜ka |
| times counter | 〜度〜do This counter is regular. |
| way of; method of | 〜方〜kata |
| day counter | 〜日〜nichi |
| easy to ... | 〜易い〜yasui |
| hour (counter) | 〜時〜ji |
| long, cylindrical object counter | 〜本〜hon |
| cup counter | 〜杯〜hai Used to count cups, glasses, bowls, or servings of liquid, such as drinks and soups. It can also be used to count things that are typically served in a vessel, like scoops of ice cream or servings of rice. The pronunciation changes just as any other counter that starts with an h-sound, such as 本hon and 百hyaku. |
| years of age (counter) | 〜歳〜sai |
| language suffix | 〜語〜go |
| (emotionally or personally) difficult to ...; uncomfortable to ... | 〜辛い〜zurai |
| by the 〜 | 〜辺〜be Can only be used after some nouns, so don't just randomly attach this after any noun. |
| pluralizing suffix | 〜達〜tachi |
| duration suffix | 〜間〜kan |
| floor counter | 〜階〜kai |
| (physically or technically) difficult to ... | 〜難い〜nikui |
| ah, oh, uh | ああaa |
| (over) there | あそこasoko |
| that over there formal; that person over there; that way over there | あちらachira |
| that person over there; that way over there; that (one) over there | あっちatchi |
| you | あなたanata |
| you (plural) | あなたたちanatatachi |
| that ... (over there) adnominal | あのano |
| um, uh; excuse me | あのうanou |
| thank you neutral | ありがとうarigatou |
| Thank you. formal | ありがとう ございます。arigatou gozaimasu. |
| to exist; to have; (used for non-living entities) | あるaru |
| that (one) over there pronoun | あれare |
| like that | あんなanna |
| good | いいii |
| no | いいえiie |
| how | いかがikaga |
| how many | いくつikutsu |
| how much | いくらikura |
| I'm leaving (the house). | いってきます。ittekimasu. Literally: I'll go and come back. |
| Take care. Come back safely. | いってらっしゃい。itterasshai. Literally: go and come back |
| full | いっぱいippai |
| when | いつitsu |
| to comehonorific | いらっしゃるirassharu |
| to exist; to stay; to have (used for living beings) | いるiru |
| various | いろいろiroiro |
| home | うちuchi |
| noisy; annoying | うるさいurusai |
| yes | ええee |
| honorific prefix | おo |
| delicious | おいしいoishii |
| funny; strange | おかしいokashii |
| probably, perhaps | おそらくosoraku Same degree of confidence as 多分, but more formal. |
| Good morning. | おはよう ございます。ohayou gozaimasu. |
| Good morning.casual | おはよう。ohayou. |
| congratulations | おめでとうomedetou |
| congratulations | おめでとう ございますomedetou gozaimasu This is more polite and formal than just おめでとう |
| Good night. | おやすみ なさい。oyasumi nasai. |
| snack | おやつoyatsu |
| and; as well as | およびoyobi |
| bill; check | お会計okaikei |
| older brother polite | お兄さんoniisan |
| Please go ahead; Please go first; After you | お先 に どうぞ。osaki ni douzo. |
| older sister polite | お姉さんoneesan |
| police officer | お巡りさんomawarisan お巡りさん is a polite and somewhat affectionate term for a police officer. |
| Welcome home. | お帰り なさい。okaeri nasai. Literally: do return |
| toilet; restroom; lavatory; bathroom | お手洗いotearai |
| mother polite | お母さんokaasan |
| father | お父さんotousan |
| stomach; belly | お腹onaka |
| to be hungry | お腹 が 空くonaka ga suku |
| candy; sweets; snacks | お菓子okashi |
| visiting someone who is ill or injured; a visit to express sympathy; sending a gift or card to someone who is unwell as a gesture of concern and well-wishing | お見舞いomimai |
| Excuse me for interrupting you; Used as a greeting when entering someone's home | お邪魔します。ojamashimasu. |
| question particle | かka |
| or exhaustive | かka |
| whether or not | か どう かka dou ka |
| to take (time to do something) | かかるkakaru |
| to come down with (a disease); to catch (a disease) | かかるkakaru |
| I wonder | かなkana |
| from; since; after | からkara |
| subject particle | がga |
| but | がga |
| surely, certainly | きっとkitto |
| cucumber | きゅうりkyuuri |
| pretty, beautiful; clean | きれいkirei |
| beautifully; cleanly | きれいにkireini |
| please | くださいkudasai |
| about; approximately | ぐらいgurai |
| though/although | けれどもkeredomo |
| here | ここkoko |
| this formal; this person; this way | こちらkochira |
| this person; this way; this (one) | こっちkotchi |
| this ... adnominal | このkono |
| near here | この 近く にkono chikaku ni |
| these days; recently; nowadays | このごろkonogoro |
| this (one) pronoun | これkore |
| these | これらkorera |
| like this, this kind of | こんなkonna |
| Good day. | こんにち は。konnichi wa. |
| Good evening. | こんばん は。konban wa. |
| honorific prefix | ごgo |
| to be very polite | ございますgozaimasu |
| pardon; sorry | ごめんgomen |
| May I come in; Please forgive me. | ごめん ください。gomen kudasai. |
| I beg your pardon; Excuse me. | ごめん なさい。gomen nasai. |
| about; approximate time | ごろgoro |
| rice; meal | ご飯gohan |
| It was a feast. (Thank you for the meal) | ご馳走さま でした。gochisousama deshita. |
| It was a feast. (Thank you for the meal) | ご馳走さま。gochisousama. |
| cherry | さくらんぼsakuranbo |
| honorific postfix | さまsama Can be used after a noun or な-adjective prefixed with お- or ご- honorifics. |
| Goodbye. | さようなら。sayounara. |
| to be done | されるsareru |
| polite name ender | さんsan |
| only, just; nothing but, no more than | しかshika Used together with a negative verb. |
| it is not the case | じゃ ありませんja arimasen |
| it is not the case | じゃ ないja nai |
| if not; (after na-adjectives and nouns) | じゃ なければja nakereba |
| then; well; so; well then | じゃあjaa |
| See you later.casual | じゃあ また。jaa mata. |
| soon; right away, at once | すぐsugu |
| completely, entirely | すっかりsukkari |
| I'm sorry; pardon me; thank you | すみませんsumimasen |
| so, such | そうsou |
| therenear the listener | そこsoko |
| and sentence conjunction | そしてsoshite |
| that formal; that person; that way | そちらsochira |
| that person; that way; that (one) | そっちsotchi |
| that ... adnominal | そのsono |
| that (one) pronoun | それsore |
| and; and then; since then | それからsorekara |
| those; they | それらsorera |
| soon | そろそろsorosoro |
| like that, (referring to something close to the listener or something mentioned in the conversation) | そんなsonna |
| many, much, a lot | たくさんtakusan |
| just now | ただいまtadaima |
| I'm back. | ただいま。tadaima. Literally "just now", an abbreviation of "I've returned just now": ただいま帰りました |
| pluralizing suffix | たちtachi |
| for the sake of; in order to; because of | ため にtame ni |
| to be | だda |
| not limited to; not only | だけで なくdakede naku |
| not limited to; not only | だけで は なくdakede wa naku |
| no good, useless | だめdame |
| probably, I think; isn't it, right? | だろうdarou |
| gradually | だんだんdandan |
| Excuse me, are you free? | ちょっと いい です か？chotto ii desu ka? |
| general object counter | つtsu |
| finally, at last | ついにtsuini |
| to turn on; to switch on | つけるtsukeru |
| intention | つもりtsumori |
| location particle (for events and actions) | でde |
| method/means particle | でde |
| reason particle | でde |
| particle for connecting nouns | でde |
| if; (following na-adjective or noun) | で あればde areba |
| if not; (after na-adjectives and nouns) | で なければde nakereba |
| it is not the case | で は ありませんde wa arimasen |
| it is not the case; is not | で は ないde wa nai |
| Even if; even though; (after nouns and na-adjectives) | で もde mo |
| to be made of | で 出来て いるde dekite iru Usually written using only hiragana |
| to be able to do | できるdekiru |
| to be ready | できるdekiru |
| as ... as possible | できる だけdekiru dake |
| probably, I think; isn't it, right? | でしょうdeshou |
| to be | ですdesu |
| ... or something; something like ... | でもdemo |
| and; or; with | とto |
| if | とto |
| together with | と 一緒 にto issho ni |
| very, extremely | とてもtotemo |
| how; how about; what | どうdou The only difference between どう and いかが is that いかが is more polite than どう. |
| What happened?; What's wrong? | どう しました か。dou shimashita ka. |
| why; how | どうしてdoushite |
| please; go ahead | どうぞdouzo |
| here you are | どうぞdouzo |
| Please go ahead; Please go first; After you | どうぞ お先 にdouzo osaki ni |
| I'm pleased to meet you. Please treat me well | どうぞ よろしく。douzo yoroshiku. |
| thanks casual | どうもdoumo |
| Thank you very much. formal | どうも ありがとう ございます。doumo arigatou gozaimasu. |
| Thank you very much. neutral | どうも ありがとう。doumo arigatou. |
| how; by what means/method | どうやってdouyatte |
| where | どこdoko |
| which one; who | どちらdochira |
| which person; which way; which (one) | どっちdotchi |
| whovery polite | どなたdonata |
| which ... | どのdono |
| which (one) | どれdore |
| what, what kind of | どんなdonna |
| versatile and expressive particle often used in conversational Japanese to convey a range of emotions, from reflection and emphasis to longing and admiration | なあnaa |
| not | ないnai |
| do imperative | なさいnasai |
| why; for what reason | なぜnaze Same as 何故. This word is often written using hiragana alone. |
| et cetera, and so on, and the like | などnado |
| if; (following na-adjective or noun) | ならばnaraba |
| to become | なるnaru |
| at; on; in; to; for [indirect object particle] | にni |
| concerning; regarding | に つい てni tsui te |
| according to | に よる とni yoru to |
| to look like | に 見えるni mieru |
| confirmation particle | ねne |
| possessive case particle | のno |
| verb nominalizer | のno |
| particle used at the end of a sentence for explanation, confirmation, softening or emphasis | のno |
| having; with | の あるno aru |
| the explanation is that...; it is that.... | の ですno desu |
| topic particle | はwa |
| yes | はいhai |
| How do you do? / Nice to meet you.When meeting for the first time | はじめまして。hajimemashite. |
| suitable, appropriate | ふさわしいfusawashii |
| grape | ぶどうbudou |
| to [destination particle] | へe |
| wanted | ほしいhoshii |
| first of all; to start with | まずmazu |
| unpalatable; bad-tasting | まずいmazui |
| again; also | またmata |
| Later!casual | また ね。mata ne. |
| still, yet | まだmada |
| straight, direct | まっすぐmassugu |
| to go straight | まっすぐ いくmassugu iku |
| until, till, to | までmade |
| even; (extreme extent) | までmade |
| by; by the time | まで にmade ni |
| extremelyslang | めちゃmecha |
| too; also | もmo |
| already; more; again | もうmou |
| before long; soon; nearly | もうすぐmousugu |
| more | もっとmotto |
| and; or not exhaustive | やya |
| to stop (an activity); to give up; to quit | やめるyameru |
| slowly; leisurely | ゆっくりyukkuri |
| assertion particle | よyo |
| often | よくyoku |
| than; from; more | よりyori |
| to be due to; to be caused by | よるyoru |
| well, properly; best regards | よろしくyoroshiku |
| pluralizing suffix | らra |
| apple | りんごringo |
| direct object particle | をo |
| the explanation is that...; it is that.... | んだnda |
| the explanation is that...; it is that.... | んですndesu |
| ice; ice cream | アイスaisu |
| ice cream | アイスクリームaisukuriimu |
| ice tea | アイスティaisuti |
| Iceland | アイスランドaisurando |
| idea | アイディアaidia |
| Asia | アジアajia |
| advice | アドバイスadobaisu |
| address | アドレスadoresu |
| animation | アニメanime |
| apartment | アパートapaato |
| Africa | アフリカafurika |
| app; application | アプリapuri |
| American football | アメフトamefuto |
| American person | アメリカ人amerikajin |
| Arabic | アラビア語arabiago |
| alcohol | アルコールarukooru |
| part-time job | アルバイトarubaito Borrowed from the German word Arbeit, which means work or job. |
| album | アルバムarubamu |
| allergy | アレルギーarerugii |
| Andrew | アンドリューandoryuu |
| Italy | イタリアitaria |
| event | イベントibento |
| earrings (wearable without pierced ears) | イヤリングiyaringu |
| interview | インタビューintabyuu |
| internet | インターネットintaanetto |
| India | インドindo |
| whisky | ウイスキーuisukii |
| virus | ウイルスuirusu |
| website | ウェブサイトwebusaito |
| rabbit | ウサギusagi |
| air conditioning; air conditioner | エアコンeakon |
| escalator | エスカレーターesukareetaa |
| shrimp | エビebi |
| elevator | エレベーターerebeetaa |
| engineer | エンジニアenjinia |
| engine | エンジンenjin |
| office | オフィスofisu |
| omurice; fried rice wrapped in an omelette | オムライスomuraisu |
| The Netherlands | オランダoranda |
| orangefruit; color | オレンジorenji |
| online | オンラインonrain |
| frog | カエルkaeru |
| casual | カジュアルkajuaru |
| cup | カップkappu |
| Canada | カナダkanada |
| crab | カニkani |
| canoe | カヌーkanuu |
| cafe | カフェkafe |
| camera | カメラkamera |
| cameraman | カメラマンkameraman |
| Karaoke | カラオケkaraoke |
| crow | カラスkarasu |
| calendar | カレンダーkarendaa |
| curry | カレーkaree |
| card | カードkaado |
| gas | ガスgasu |
| gasoline; petrol | ガソリンgasorin |
| gas station; petrol station | ガソリンスタンドgasorinsutando |
| gum | ガムgamu |
| glass (material) | ガラスgarasu |
| cancer | ガンgan |
| fox | キツネkitsune |
| candle | キャンドルkyandoru |
| Cuba | キューバkyuuba |
| giraffe | キリンkirin |
| kilogram | キログラムkiroguramu |
| kilometer | キロメートルkiromeetoru |
| guitar | ギターgitaa |
| quality | クオリティkuoriti |
| cookie | クッキーkukkii |
| spider | クモkumo |
| class | クラスkurasu |
| club | クラブkurabu |
| Christmas | クリスマスkurisumasu |
| cleaning; dry cleaning | クリーニングkuriiningu |
| cleaner; dry cleaner | クリーニング屋kuriininguya |
| cream | クリームkuriimu |
| credit | クレジットkurejitto |
| credit card | クレジット カードkurejitto kaado |
| gram | グラムguramu |
| gray | グレーguree |
| cake | ケーキkeeki |
| bat | コウモリkoumori |
| copy | コピーkopii |
| to make a copy (of) | コピー を 取るkopii o toru |
| to copy | コピーするkopiisuru |
| comedy | コメディkomedi |
| concert | コンサートkonsaato |
| convenience store | コンビニkonbini |
| computer | コンピュータkonpyuuta Alternative spelling of コンピューター |
| computer | コンピューターkonpyuutaa |
| tennis court | コートkooto |
| coat | コートkooto |
| coffee | コーヒーkoohii |
| coffee cup | コーヒーカップkoohiikappu |
| coffee beans | コーヒー豆koohiimame |
| trash can; garbage bin | ゴミ箱gomibako |
| gorilla | ゴリラgorira |
| golf | ゴルフgorufu |
| goal | ゴールgooru |
| size | サイズsaizu |
| soccer | サッカーsakkaa |
| salad | サラダsarada |
| office worker | サラリーマンsarariiman |
| sunglasses | サングラスsangurasu |
| sandal | サンダルsandaru |
| sandwich | サンドイッチsandoitchi |
| surfing | サーフィンsaafin |
| deer | シカshika |
| zebra | シマウマshimauma |
| shirt | シャツshatsu |
| shower | シャワーshawaa |
| shock | ショックshokku |
| gym | ジムjimu |
| Jim | ジムjimu |
| jam; (as in the fruit preserve) | ジャムjamu |
| genre | ジャンルjanru |
| juice | ジュースjuusu |
| jogging, jog | ジョギングjogingu |
| John | ジョンjon |
| soup | スウプsuupu |
| skydiving | スカイダイビングsukaidaibingu |
| skirt | スカートsukaato |
| screen | スクリーンsukuriin |
| sticker | ステッカーsutekkaa |
| steak | ステーキsuteeki |
| stage | ステージsuteeji |
| stove; heater | ストーブsutoobu |
| (audio) speaker | スピーカーsupiikaa |
| spoon | スプーンsupuun |
| Spain | スペインsupein |
| Spanish language | スペイン語supeingo |
| sports | スポーツsupootsu |
| slippers | スリッパsurippa |
| suit | スーツsuutsu |
| suitcase | スーツケースsuutsukeesu |
| supermarket | スーパーsuupaa |
| trousers | ズボンzubon |
| sense; taste | センスsensu |
| sweater, jumper | セーターseetaa |
| salesman | セールスマンseerusuman |
| zero | ゼロzero |
| software | ソフトsofuto |
| Somalia | ソマリアsomaria |
| solo | ソロsoro |
| Thailand | タイtai |
| taxi | タクシーtakushii |
| cigarettes; tobacco | タバコtabako |
| diamond | ダイヤモンドdaiyamondo |
| ticket | チケットchiketto |
| chocolate | チョコレートchokoreeto |
| chocolate cake | チョコレートケーキchokoreetokeeki |
| chocolate bar | チョコレートバーchokoreetobaa |
| chimpanzee | チンパンジーchinpanjii |
| cheese | チーズchiizu |
| text(book) | テキストtekisuto |
| test | テストtesuto |
| to test | テストするtesutosuru |
| tennis | テニスtenisu |
| TV | テレビterebi |
| videogame | テレビゲームterebigeemu |
| excitement; mood; energy | テンションtenshon |
| being low energy; being not excited | テンション が 低いtenshon ga hikui |
| being high energy; being excited | テンション が 高いtenshon ga takai |
| table | テーブルteeburu |
| tape | テープteepu |
| tape recorder | テープレコーダーteepurekoodaa |
| theme; topic | テーマteema |
| designer | デザイナーdezainaa |
| design | デザインdezain |
| dessert | デザートdezaato |
| department store | デパートdepaato |
| data | データdeeta |
| (romantic) date | デートdeeto |
| toilet | トイレtoire |
| lizard | トカゲtokage |
| tomato | トマトtomato |
| Toyota | トヨタtoyota |
| traffic | トラフィックtorafikku |
| trumpet | トランペットtoranpetto |
| tunnel | トンネルtonneru |
| Western style door | ドアdoa |
| doorbell | ドアベルdoaberu |
| Germany | ドイツdoitsu |
| German language | ドイツ語doitsugo |
| drama | ドラマdorama |
| dollar | ドルdoru |
| dress (garment) | ドレスdoresu |
| knife | ナイフnaifu |
| New York | ニュー ヨークnyuu yooku |
| news | ニュースnyuusu |
| tie; necktie | ネクタイnekutai |
| screw | ネジneji |
| mouse; rat | ネズミnezumi |
| necklace | ネックレスnekkuresu |
| notebook | ノートnooto |
| hiking | ハイキングhaikingu |
| ham | ハムhamu |
| hamster | ハムスターhamusutaa |
| Hawaii | ハワイhawai |
| handkerchief | ハンカチhankachi |
| (coat) hanger | ハンガーhangaa |
| hammock | ハンモックhanmokku |
| violin | バイオリンbaiorin |
| buffet | バイキングbaikingu |
| bus | バスbasu |
| butter | バターbataa |
| battery | バッテリーbatterii |
| banana | バナナbanana |
| vanilla | バニラbanira |
| rose | バラbara |
| band | バンドbando |
| bar | バーbaa |
| barbecue | バーベキューbaabekyuu |
| pasta | パスタpasuta |
| password | パスワードpasuwaado |
| computer | パソコンpasokon |
| Paris | パリpari |
| bread | パンpan |
| pancake | パンケーキpankeeki |
| percent | パーセントpaasento |
| party | パーティーpaatii |
| business | ビジネスbijinesu |
| building | ビルbiru |
| beach | ビーチbiichi |
| beer | ビールbiiru |
| earrings (for pierced ears) | ピアスpiasu |
| piano | ピアノpiano |
| picnic | ピクニックpikunikku |
| pizza | ピザpiza |
| pink | ピンクpinku |
| fax | ファックスfakkusu |
| fashion | ファッションfasshon |
| film | フィルムfirumu |
| fence | フェンスfensu |
| fork | フォークfooku |
| hook | フックfukku |
| frying pan | フライパンfuraipan |
| France | フランスfuransu |
| French (language) | フランス語furansugo |
| flute | フルートfuruuto |
| blue | ブルーburuu |
| bracelet | ブレスレットburesuretto |
| present | プレゼントpurezento |
| to give as a present | プレゼントするpurezentosuru |
| professional, pro | プロpuro |
| project | プロジェクトpurojekuto |
| (swimming) pool | プールpuuru |
| snake | ヘビhebi |
| vegetarian | ベジタリアンbejitarian |
| bed | ベッドbeddo |
| bell | ベルberu |
| pet | ペットpetto |
| pen | ペンpen |
| paint; (the kind used for painting walls, buildings, and other surfaces) | ペンキpenki |
| to apply paint; to paint | ペンキ を 塗るpenki o nuru |
| page | ページpeeji |
| hot | ホットhotto ホット is neither an い-adjective nor a な-adjective. It's a noun. When used to describe a hot drink like coffee, ホット コーヒー, it functions more like a noun as part of a compound noun. |
| hotel | ホテルhoteru |
| button | ボタンbotan |
| ball | ボールbooru |
| ballpoint pen | ボールペンboorupen |
| ポケットpoketto | |
| Pokemon | ポケモンpokemon |
| postbox; mailbox | ポストposuto |
| popcorn | ポップコーンpoppukoon |
| potatoe | ポテトpoteto |
| poundunit of weight; currency | ポンドpondo |
| match | マッチmatchi A small stick used to light a fire or a competition. |
| mat | マットmatto |
| apartment | マンションmanshon |
| mark | マークmaaku |
| to mark | マークするmaakusuru |
| mistake; error | ミスmisu |
| milk | ミルクmiruku |
| meeting | ミーティングmiitingu |
| Mary | メアリーmearii |
| makeup | メイクmeiku |
| Mexican | メキシカンmekishikan |
| message | メッセージmesseeji |
| menu | メニューmenyuu |
| memo | メモmemo |
| to take notes | メモするmemosuru |
| (computer) memory | メモリーmemorii |
| Mercedes | メルセデスmerusedesu |
| meter | メートルmeetoru |
| メールmeeru | |
| email address | メール アドレスmeeru adoresu |
| model | モデルmoderu |
| Morocco | モロッコmorokko |
| Judea (southern Palestine) | ユダヤyudaya |
| Jewish person | ユダヤ人yudayajin |
| humor | ユーモアyuumoa |
| yoghurt | ヨーグルトyooguruto |
| Europe | ヨーロッパyooroppa |
| lion | ライオンraion |
| radio | ラジオrajio |
| radio cassette player | ラジオカセットrajiokasetto |
| radio cassette player | ラジカセrajikase |
| laptop | ラップトップrapputoppu |
| label | ラベルraberu |
| orchid | ランran |
| runner | ランナーrannaa |
| running as exercise | ランニングranningu |
| to run | ランニングするranningusuru |
| ramen | ラーメンraamen |
| list | リストrisuto |
| relax | リラックスrirakkusu |
| to relax | リラックスするrirakkususuru |
| record | レコードrekoodo |
| recipe | レシピreshipi |
| restaurant | レストランresutoran |
| report | レポートrepooto |
| lemon | レモンremon |
| Los Angeles | ロサンゼルスrosanzerusu |
| Russia | ロシアroshia |
| locker | ロッカーrokkaa |
| robot | ロボットrobotto |
| London | ロンドンrondon |
| roast | ローストroosuto |
| dress shirt | ワイシャツwaishatsu The term ワイシャツ is derived from the English word white shirt, but in Japanese, it generally refers to any formal dress shirt, not necessarily white. |
| wine | ワインwain |
| wax | ワックスwakkusu |
| crocodile | ワニwani |
| one (object) | 一つhitotsu |
| one person; alone | 一人hitori |
| single word; brief comment | 一言hitokoto |
| once | 一回ikkai |
| step | 一歩ippo |
| 1,000 | 一千issen |
| ten million | 一千万issenman |
| together; same | 一緒issho |
| together; at the same time; simultaneously | 一緒 にissho ni |
| one | 一ichi |
| ten thousand | 一万ichiman |
| one day | 一日ichinichi |
| January | 一月ichigatsu |
| verb group 2 | 一段ichidan |
| first; best | 一番ichiban |
| the year before last | 一昨年ototoshi |
| the day before yesterday | 一昨日ototoi |
| day one | 一日tsuitachi |
| once | 一度ichido |
| not even once | 一度 もichido mo |
| exactly, precisely; just | 丁度choudo |
| seven (objects) | 七つnanatsu |
| seventy thousand | 七万nanaman |
| 70 | 七十nanajuu |
| 7,000 | 七千nanasen |
| 700 | 七百nanahyaku |
| day seven; seven days | 七日nanoka |
| July | 七月shichigatsu |
| seven | 七nana |
| seven | 七shichi |
| ten thousands counter | 万man |
| fountain pen | 万年筆mannenhitsu |
| sturdy; strong; durable | 丈夫joubu |
| day three; three days | 三日mikka |
| three (objects) | 三つmittsu |
| three | 三san |
| thirty thousand | 三万sanman |
| 30 | 三十sanjuu |
| 3,000 | 三千sanzen |
| March | 三月sangatsu |
| 300 | 三百sanbyaku |
| to rise; to go up | 上がるagaru |
| to be promoted; to advance | 上がるagaru |
| to raise; to give | 上げるageru |
| on; above; up; top | 上ue |
| district in Tokyo that's famous for its park | 上野ueno |
| Ueno Park | 上野 公園ueno kouen |
| coat; jacket; outer garment | 上着uwagi |
| boss; supervisor | 上司joushi 上司 is a general term that means boss or supervisor and can refer to any person who holds a higher rank than you at work. |
| good (at); skillful | 上手jouzu |
| bad (at), unskillful | 下手heta |
| to descend; to go down | 下るkudaru |
| down; under; lower; below | 下shita |
| inconvenience; inconvenient | 不便fuben |
| unappetizing; bad-tasting; unpleasant | 不味いmazui |
| to give (something intangible); to bestow; to grant | 与えるataeru |
| both ~ | 両〜ryou〜 |
| to be lined up; to line up | 並ぶnarabu |
| to line up something; to arrange | 並べるnaraberu |
| in, inside; middle | 中naka |
| China | 中国chuugoku |
| Chinese person | 中国人chuugokujin |
| Chinese language | 中国語chuugokugo |
| junior high school; middle school | 中学校chuugakkou |
| center | 中心chuushin |
| round, circular | 丸いmarui |
| owner (of a store); landlord | 主人shujin |
| to ride; to get on (a vehicle) | 乗るnoru |
| nine (objects) | 九つkokonotsu |
| day nine; nine days | 九日kokonoka |
| September | 九月kugatsu |
| nine | 九kyuu |
| ninety thousand | 九万kyuuman |
| 90 | 九十kyuujuu |
| 9,000 | 九千kyuusen |
| 900 | 九百kyuuhyaku |
| plan; plans | 予定yotei 予定 refers to a single scheduled instance or arrangement. It implies a fixed or pre-determined plan, often involving time or dates. |
| (intangible) thing; matter | 事koto |
| accident | 事故jiko |
| twenty years old | 二十歳hatachi |
| day twenty; twenty days | 二十日hatsuka |
| two (objects) | 二つfutatsu |
| two people | 二人futari |
| day two; two days | 二日futsuka |
| two | 二ni |
| twenty thousand | 二万niman |
| 20 | 二十nijuu |
| day twenty-seven; twenty-seven days | 二十七日nijuushichinichi |
| day twenty-four; twenty-four days | 二十四日nijuuyokka |
| 2,000 | 二千nisen |
| twice | 二回nikai |
| two times; twice | 二度nido |
| never again | 二度とnidoto |
| February | 二月nigatsu |
| 200 | 二百nihyaku |
| five | 五go |
| fifty thousand | 五万goman |
| 50 | 五十gojuu |
| 5,000 | 五千gosen |
| May | 五月gogatsu |
| verb group 1 | 五段godan |
| 500 | 五百gohyaku |
| five (objects) | 五つitsutsu |
| day five; five days | 五日itsuka |
| to pass away; to die | 亡くなるnakunaru |
| intersection | 交差点kousaten |
| police box | 交番kouban A 交番 is a small neighborhood police station commonly found in Japan where police officers provide various services, such as giving directions, handling lost and found items, and responding to local incidents. |
| traffic; transportation | 交通koutsuu |
| traffic accident | 交通事故koutsuujiko |
| traffic situation | 交通状況koutsuujoukyou |
| Kyoto | 京都kyouto |
| people | 人々hitobito |
| popularity | 人気ninki |
| to be popular | 人気 が あるninki ga aru |
| population | 人口jinkou |
| manmade, artificial | 人工jinkou |
| life | 人生jinsei |
| person | 人hito |
| now | 今ima |
| this morning | 今朝kesa |
| tonight | 今夜konya |
| tonight, this evening | 今晩konban |
| this month | 今月kongetsu |
| this week | 今週konshuu |
| this year | 今年kotoshi |
| today | 今日kyou |
| work, job | 仕事shigoto |
| to work | 仕事するshigotosuru |
| other, another | 他hoka Often written using hiragana only. |
| to attach; to apply; to put | 付けるtsukeru |
| holiday, day off | 休日kyuujitsu |
| rest, break; holiday | 休みyasumi |
| day off | 休み の 日yasumi no hi |
| to rest; to take a break | 休むyasumu |
| to be absent; to take a day off | 休むyasumu |
| to meet, to see | 会うau |
| company | 会社kaisha |
| aunt | 伯母oba |
| uncle | 伯父oji |
| to ask (humbly) | 伺うukagau |
| low, short | 低いhikui |
| to live in, to reside | 住むsumu |
| body | 体karada |
| always; never | 何時もitsumo |
| what | 何nan |
| what | 何nani |
| something | 何かnanika |
| nothing, (not) anything | 何もnanimo |
| What is it? | 何 です か？nan desu ka? |
| how; what; (what with) | 何とnanto |
| how many people | 何人nannin |
| thousands | 何千nanzen |
| how many times | 何回nankai |
| what year | 何年nannen |
| how many times, how often; many times | 何度nando |
| many times | 何度 もnando mo |
| what day (of the month); how many days | 何日nannichi |
| what time | 何時nanji |
| how many hours | 何時間nanjikan |
| what day (of the week) | 何曜日nanyoubi |
| what month | 何月nangatsu |
| how many years old | 何歳nansai |
| what floor | 何階nankai |
| why; for what reason | 何故naze |
| not much; not very | 余りamari |
| composition; essay | 作文sakubun |
| novelist, writer | 作家sakka |
| making, producing; make, construction, structure | 作りtsukuri |
| make | 作るtsukuru |
| to use | 使うtsukau |
| useful, convenient | 便利なbenrina |
| to believe; to trust | 信じるshinjiru |
| traffic light; signal | 信号shingou |
| trust | 信頼shinrai |
| trustworthy; able to be trusted | 信頼 できるshinrai dekiru The structure [noun] + できる is a common way to express the ability or possibility related to the noun. This construction turns the noun into an adjective describing the noun that follows. |
| to borrow | 借りるkariru |
| side | 側gawa |
| near; beside | 側soba 側 is usually written using kana alone as そば, and indicates proximity or nearness to something or someone, without specifying a particular side. 側 specifies a particular side or aspect of something. Often used with direction words to indicate specific sides, such as right, left, this side, that side, etc. |
| umbrella | 傘kasa |
| to work | 働くhataraku |
| gentle, tender, kind, friendly | 優しいyasashii |
| New Year's Day | 元日ganjitsu |
| well; lively, vigorous; health | 元気genki |
| older brother plain | 兄ani |
| sibling | 兄弟kyoudai |
| previous, past, after; ahead | 先saki |
| tip, point | 先saki |
| the month before last | 先々月sensengetsu |
| the week before last | 先々週sensenshuu |
| last month | 先月sengetsu |
| teacher | 先生sensei |
| last week | 先週senshuu |
| light | 光hikari |
| to shine; to glitter; to glow | 光るhikaru |
| to be contained in | 入って いるhaitte iru |
| to come in; to come into | 入って くるhaitte kuru |
| to enter | 入るhairu |
| entrance | 入り口iriguchi |
| to insert | 入れるireru |
| hospitalization | 入院nyuuin |
| to be hospitalized | 入院するnyuuinsuru |
| all; everything; entire | 全てsubete |
| all; whole | 全部zenbu |
| 800 | 八百happyaku |
| 8,000 | 八千hassen |
| eight | 八hachi |
| eighty thousand | 八万hachiman |
| 80 | 八十hachijuu |
| August | 八月hachigatsu |
| eight (objects) | 八つyattsu |
| greengrocer | 八百屋yaoya |
| day eight; eight days | 八日youka |
| park | 公園kouen |
| day six; six days | 六日muika |
| six (objects) | 六つmuttsu |
| six | 六roku |
| sixty thousand | 六万rokuman |
| 60 | 六十rokujuu |
| 6,000 | 六千rokusen |
| June | 六月rokugatsu |
| 600 | 六百roppyaku |
| yen | 円en |
| the year after next | 再来年sarainen |
| the month after next | 再来月saraigetsu |
| the week after next | 再来週saraishuu |
| picture, photo | 写真shashin |
| winter | 冬fuyu |
| refrigerator | 冷蔵庫reizouko |
| coldthing | 冷たいtsumetai |
| to serve (food) | 出すdasu |
| to send; to submit | 出すdasu |
| to put out; to produce; to take out; to release | 出すdasu |
| to go out, to leave | 出かけるdekakeru 出かける is more specific than 出る, as it implies going out specifically for a purpose, such as shopping, dining or visiting someone. |
| to leave, to go out, to exit | 出るderu |
| to encounter; to meet (by chance) | 出会うdeau |
| exit | 出口deguchi |
| to be made; to be built | 出来るdekiru Often written using hiragana only |
| sword | 刀katana |
| to be understood; to understand; to be known | 分かるwakaru |
| to divide; to share (by dividing) | 分けるwakeru |
| ticket | 切符kippu |
| postage stamp | 切手kitte |
| to disconnect; to hang up (the phone); to turn off (an appliance) | 切るkiru 切る is not used for turning off lights. For lights, use 消す instead. |
| to cut | 切るkiru |
| to run out | 切れるkireru |
| train | 列車ressha |
| beginning; start; first; initial | 初めhajime |
| for the first time; the first time | 初めてhajimete |
| separate, individual | 別々betsubetsu |
| arrival | 到着touchaku |
| to arrive formal | 到着するtouchakusuru |
| front; before | 前mae |
| power, strength | 力chikara |
| study | 勉強benkyou |
| to study | 勉強するbenkyousuru |
| animal | 動物doubutsu |
| to move; to run used for a machine | 動くugoku |
| to work for; to be employed at; to serve | 勤めるtsutomeru |
| smell; scent; odor | 匂いnioi |
| chemistry | 化学kagaku |
| north | 北kita |
| medical doctor | 医者isha |
| day ten; ten days | 十日tooka |
| ten | 十juu |
| November | 十 一月juu ichigatsu |
| December | 十 二月juu nigatsu |
| day seventeen; seventeen days | 十七日juushichinichi |
| hundred thousand | 十万juuman |
| day fourteen; fourteen days | 十四日juuyokka |
| October | 十月juugatsu |
| thousand | 千sen |
| a.m. | 午前gozen |
| afternoon; p.m. | 午後gogo |
| half | 半han |
| half | 半分hanbun |
| graduation | 卒業sotsugyou |
| to graduate | 卒業するsotsugyousuru |
| south | 南minami |
| dangerous | 危ないabunai |
| Watch out! | 危ない！abunai! |
| egg | 卵tamago |
| thick; generous; deep | 厚いatsui |
| cause; reason | 原因genin |
| last year | 去年kyonen |
| participation | 参加sanka |
| to participate, to take part in | 参加するsankasuru |
| friend | 友だちtomodachi |
| friend | 友達tomodachi alternative spelling |
| friend | 友人yuujin |
| to take | 取るtoru |
| to come off, to be removed | 取れるtoreru |
| to receive; to undergo; to take | 受けるukeru |
| mouth | 口kuchi |
| old | 古いfurui |
| cute | 可愛いkawaii |
| kitchen | 台所daidokoro |
| typhoon | 台風taifuu |
| right | 右migi |
| to turn right | 右 に 曲がるmigi ni magaru |
| passing an exam or test | 合格goukaku |
| to pass an exam or test | 合格するgoukakusuru |
| same | 同じonaji |
| Nagoya | 名古屋nagoya |
| other side; over there, beyond | 向こうmukou |
| to smoke | 吸うsuu |
| to blow; to breathe out; to play (a wind instrument) | 吹くfuku |
| around | 周mawari |
| flavor; taste | 味aji |
| to tasteintransitive | 味 が するaji ga suru |
| to tastetransitive | 味 を 見るaji o miru |
| to call; to invite; to summon | 呼ぶyobu |
| to bloom; to blossom | 咲くsaku |
| problem; question; issue | 問題mondai |
| café; coffee shop; tearoom | 喫茶店kissaten |
| to bite; to chew | 噛むkamu |
| fours | 四shi |
| April | 四月shigatsu |
| day four; four days | 四日yokka |
| forty thousand | 四万yonman |
| 40 | 四十yonjuu |
| 4,000 | 四千yonsen |
| 400 | 四百yonhyaku |
| four (objects) | 四つyottsu |
| four | 四yon |
| to be troubled; to have difficulty | 困るkomaru |
| library | 図書館toshokan |
| country | 国kuni |
| Saturday | 土曜日doyoubi |
| basement; underground | 地下chika |
| subway | 地下鉄chikatetsu |
| map | 地図chizu |
| geography | 地理chiri |
| hometown (area); local (area) | 地元jimoto |
| earthquake | 地震jishin |
| place; location; spot | 場所basho |
| to paint; to plaster; to spread; to apply | 塗るnuru |
| salt | 塩shio |
| trash; garbage; rubbish | 塵gomi Usually written using katakana. |
| wall | 壁kabe |
| voice | 声koe |
| to sell | 売るuru |
| strange | 変hen |
| to change intransitive | 変るkawaru |
| to change transitive | 変えるkaeru |
| summer | 夏natsu |
| summer vacation | 夏休みnatsuyasumi |
| evening; dusk | 夕方yuugata Typically refers to the time period in the late afternoon to early evening, around sunset. |
| dinner; evening meal | 夕飯yuuhan |
| dinner | 夕食yuushoku |
| foreign country | 外国gaikoku |
| foreigner | 外国人gaikokujin |
| foreign language | 外国語gaikokugo |
| to remove; to take off; to detach; to unfasten | 外すhazusu |
| outside | 外soto |
| many, numerous | 多いooi |
| many; most | 多くooku |
| probably, perhaps | 多分tabun |
| night | 夜yoru 夜 represents the time from sunset to sunrise. 夜 thus includes the time while you're asleep, whereas 晩 does not. |
| dinner | 夜ご飯yorugohan |
| night sky | 夜空yozora |
| safe; alright, okay | 大丈夫daijoubu |
| very popular | 大人気daininki |
| loved; very likeable | 大好きdaisuki |
| hated | 大嫌いdaikirai |
| university | 大学daigaku |
| university student | 大学生daigakusei |
| big, large | 大きいookii |
| size | 大きさookisa 大きさ is more general than サイズ. For shoes, clothes and other items that come in standardized sizes, it's more common to hear サイズ. |
| a crowd; a large number of people; many | 大勢oozei |
| adult | 大人otona |
| embassy | 大使館taishikan |
| very; greatly; terribly; extremely; awfully | 大変taihen |
| serious, terrible; difficult, hard, tough | 大変taihen |
| important; precious | 大切taisetsu |
| ceiling | 天井tenjou |
| weather | 天気tenki |
| fat | 太いfutoi |
| to gain weight; to become fat | 太るfutoru |
| (your own) husband | 夫otto |
| rudeness, impoliteness | 失礼shitsurei |
| Excuse me. | 失礼します。shitsureishimasu. |
| to be rude, to be impolite | 失礼するshitsureisuru |
| (someone else's) wife | 奥さんokusan |
| woman | 女onna |
| woman | 女 の 人onna no hito |
| girl | 女 の 子onna no ko |
| woman, girl | 女子joshi The term 女子 in Japanese refers to a girl or young woman, but the specific age range it covers can vary depending on the context. Generally, 女子 is used to refer to females from early childhood up to their late twenties. In schools, 女子学生 refers to female students of any age, from elementary through university. In sports and other activities, 女子 might be used to distinguish female participants, again without strict age limits. However, in more formal or official contexts, 女子 might be more closely associated with younger females, particularly those in the schooling age range up to young adulthood. |
| queen | 女王joou |
| to prefer; to be fond of | 好むkonomu |
| liked; likeable; loved; lovable | 好きsuki |
| younger sister | 妹(さん)imouto(san) |
| (your own) wife | 妻tsuma |
| older sister plain | 姉ane |
| to begin, to start intransitive | 始まるhajimaru |
| to begin (something) | 始めるhajimeru |
| daughter | 娘musume |
| unpleasant; disagreeablei | 嫌(な)iya(na) |
| disliked; hated | 嫌いkirai |
| to hate, to detest | 嫌うkirau |
| child | 子ko |
| children | 子供達kodomotachi |
| puppy | 子犬koinu |
| kitten | 子猫koneko |
| child | 子供kodomo |
| character; letter | 字ji |
| dictionary | 字引きjibiki |
| student | 学生gakusei |
| school | 学校gakkou |
| school library | 学校図書館gakkoutoshokan |
| to learn; to study | 学ぶmanabu Studying or learning broadly, often through self-study or academic pursuit. |
| safe | 安全anzen |
| peace of mind; relief | 安心anshin |
| to feel relieved | 安心するanshinsuru |
| cheap | 安いyasui |
| restful, peaceful | 安らかyasuraka |
| house; home | 家ie |
| household, family, home | 家庭katei |
| family | 家族kazoku |
| family photo | 家族写真kazokushashin |
| family trip | 家族旅行kazokuryokou |
| (your own) wife | 家内kanai This term is more old-fashioned and formal, and it's often used by older men when referring to their own wives, particularly in formal or public settings. It carries a more humble and traditional connotation. Note how the kanji in this word correspond to traditional gender roles. Therefore, younger people tend to prefer using the word 妻. |
| homework | 宿題shukudai |
| coldweather | 寒いsamui |
| to sleep; to lie down; to go to bed | 寝るneru |
| sushi | 寿司sushi |
| sushi restaurant | 寿司屋sushiya |
| envelope | 封筒fuutou |
| future | 将来shourai |
| hut; cabin; shed | 小屋koya |
| light rain | 小雨kosame |
| elementary school | 小学校shougakkou |
| small | 小さいchiisai |
| a few; a little; scarce; insufficient | 少ないsukunai |
| a few; a little, a bit | 少しsukoshi 少し is a bit more formal than ちょっと. |
| just a little | 少し だけsukoshi dake |
| to wear; to put on (something on feet or legs) | 履くhaku |
| mountain | 山yama |
| Yamashitaname | 山下yamashita |
| Yamada surname | 山田yamada |
| goat | 山羊yagi |
| island | 島shima |
| island nation | 島国shimaguni |
| river | 川kawa |
| left | 左hidari |
| to turn left | 左 に 曲がるhidari ni magaru |
| to give (humbly); to offer (humbly) | 差し上げるsashiageru |
| to hold up (an umbrella) | 差すsasu |
| to shine | 差すsasu |
| city | 市shi 市 is a political term that designates a city as an administrative unit. It's equivalent to the English word city when used in the context of a municipality. |
| futon; traditional Japanese bedding | 布団futon A 布団 is a traditional Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet. It is designed to be placed directly on tatami flooring and can be easily folded and stored away during the day to save space. |
| to return | 帰るkaeru |
| hat | 帽子boushi |
| to (hang to) dry; to air | 干すhosu |
| year counter | 年nen |
| year; age | 年toshi |
| to be old; to have aged | 年 を 取って いるtoshi o totte iru |
| happy | 幸せshiawase |
| happiness | 幸せshiawase |
| wide; spacious | 広いhiroi |
| to spread; to stretchintransitive | 広がるhirogaru |
| Hiroshima | 広島hiroshima |
| floor | 床yuka |
| to sit | 座るsuwaru |
| garden, yard | 庭niwa |
| corridor; hallway | 廊下rouka |
| building | 建物tatemono |
| to build; to construct | 建てるtateru |
| bow | 弓yumi |
| drawer | 引き出しhikidashi |
| to pull; to draw; to catch (a cold) | 引くhiku |
| younger brother | 弟(さん)otouto(san) |
| weak | 弱いyowai Refers to the lack of physical strength, durability, or robustness. It can also describe a low level of ability, influence, or intensity in non-physical contexts, such as a weak argument or being weak against cold temperatures. |
| strong wind | 強風kyoufuu |
| strong; powerful | 強いtsuyoi |
| strongly | 強くtsuyoku |
| to play a string instrumente.g. guitar, piano | 弾くhiku |
| she | 彼女kanojo |
| girlfriend | 彼女kanojo |
| they; them (female only) | 彼女たちkanojotachi |
| he | 彼kare |
| boyfriend | 彼kare |
| they; them | 彼らkarera |
| to wait | 待つmatsu |
| after; afterward | 後ato |
| behind, back | 後ろushiro |
| heart; spirit, mind, soul | 心kokoro |
| necessary; necessity | 必要hitsuyou |
| definitely; necessarily; invariably | 必ずkanarazu 必ずexpresses a strong commitment or assurance that something will happen or is the case. It's often used to make promises or to express unwavering certainty. |
| to forget | 忘れるwasureru |
| busy | 忙しいisogashii |
| scary, frightening | 怖いkowai |
| to recall, to remember | 思い出すomoidasu |
| memories; recollections | 思い出omoide |
| to think; to believe | 思うomou |
| to hurry | 急ぐisogu |
| sudden; urgent | 急kyuu |
| something urgent; urgency | 急kyuu |
| suddenly; unexpectedly | 急 にkyuu ni |
| breath | 息iki |
| to breathe | 息 を するiki o suru |
| son | 息子musuko |
| bad, evil | 悪いwarui |
| insult; slander, speaking ill | 悪口waruguchi |
| meaning; sense; significance | 意味imi |
| opinion; view | 意見iken |
| love | 愛ai |
| war | 戦争sensou |
| Japanese style door | 戸to |
| place | 所tokoro |
| hands | 手te |
| to obtain; to procure; to get | 手 に 入れるte ni ireru |
| to help | 手伝うtetsudau |
| handmade | 手作りtezukuri |
| letter | 手紙tegami |
| to pay | 払うharau |
| to push, to press | 押すosu |
| to take/bring something with you | 持って 来るmotte kuru Whether you say 持って 行く or 持って 来る depends on the perspective of the speaker. For movement away from the speaker, use 行く. For movement towards the speaker, use 来る. |
| to take/bring something with you | 持って 行くmotte iku |
| to carry; to hold; to take; to have | 持つmotsu |
| to throw away; to discard | 捨てるsuteru |
| to sweep; to brush; to clean | 掃くhaku |
| cleaning; sweeping | 掃除souji |
| to clean; to sweep | 掃除するsoujisuru |
| class; lesson; instruction | 授業jugyou |
| to put on; to wear | 掛けるkakeru |
| to make a call | 掛けるkakeru |
| to hang; to suspend | 掛けるkakeru |
| portable; cellphone | 携帯keitai |
| mobile phone | 携帯電話keitaidenwa |
| to take a photo | 撮るtoru |
| politics; government | 政治seiji |
| politician | 政治家seijika |
| classroom | 教室kyoushitsu |
| to teach; to inform | 教えるoshieru |
| walk, stroll | 散歩sanpo |
| to go for a walk; to stroll | 散歩するsanposuru |
| mathematics | 数学suugaku |
| culture | 文化bunka |
| sentence | 文章bunshou |
| food, cuisine | 料理ryouri |
| to cook | 料理するryourisuru |
| cook | 料理人ryourinin |
| new | 新しいatarashii |
| New Year | 新年shinnen |
| Happy New Year! | 新年 おめでとう！shinnen omedetou! |
| newspaper | 新聞shinbun |
| direction, way; side | 方hou |
| had better; should | 方 が いいhou ga ii |
| person | 方kata |
| travel, traveling, trip, tour | 旅行ryokou |
| to travel | 旅行するryokousuru |
| travel, trip, journey | 旅tabi |
| sun | 日hi |
| day | 日hi |
| to get dark; to setthe sun | 日 が 暮れるhi ga kureru |
| sunlight | 日光nikkou |
| diary; journal | 日記nikki |
| Sunday | 日曜日nichiyoubi |
| Japan | 日本nihon |
| Japanese (person) | 日本人nihonjin |
| Japanese (language) | 日本語nihongo |
| sake | 日本酒nihonshu |
| early; fast | 早いhayai |
| early; fast | 早くhayaku |
| bright; cheerful | 明るいakarui |
| the day after tomorrow | 明後日asatte |
| tomorrow | 明日ashita |
| easy; plain; simple | 易しいyasashii |
| star | 星hoshi |
| movie | 映画eiga |
| cinema | 映画館eigakan |
| spring, springtime | 春haru |
| yesterday | 昨日kinou |
| last night | 昨夜sakuya A more formal or literary term for last night compared to 昨夜. |
| last night | 昨夜yuube |
| noon; daytime | 昼hiru |
| lunch | 昼ご飯hirugohan |
| time | 時toki |
| sometimes; at times | 時々tokidoki |
| watch (time piece) | 時計tokei |
| era; period; age | 時代jidai |
| time | 時間jikan |
| evening | 晩ban 晩 represents the time from sunset to bedtime. |
| dinner | 晩ご飯bangohan 晩ご飯 is more commonly used than 夜ご飯. |
| clear weather; sunny weather | 晴れhare |
| to clear up; to be sunny | 晴れるhareru |
| spare time; day off; leisure | 暇hima |
| hotweather | 暑いatsui |
| heat weather | 暑さatsusa |
| warm | 暖かいatatakai 暖かい is a mild and comfortable warmth, and can be used for weather, for object that make you physically warm such as clothes and blankets, and also for things that make you metaphorically warm such as a song. |
| dark; gloomy | 暗いkurai |
| to come to an end | 暮れるkureru |
| cloudy weather; cloudiness | 曇りkumori |
| to get cloudy; to cloud up; to become gloomy | 曇るkumoru |
| day (of the week) | 曜日youbi |
| piece of music; song; tune; music | 曲kyoku |
| to be curved; to be bent | 曲がって いるmagatte iru |
| to bend; to turn | 曲がるmagaru |
| to write | 書くkaku |
| (official) document | 書類shorui |
| month of the year | 月gatsu |
| Monday | 月曜日getsuyoubi |
| moon; month | 月tsuki |
| famous | 有名yuumei |
| clothes; outfit | 服fuku |
| morning | 朝asa |
| breakfast | 朝ご飯asagohan |
| morning sun | 朝日asahi |
| breakfast | 朝食choushoku |
| tree; wood | 木ki |
| trees | 木々kigi |
| Thursday | 木曜日mokuyoubi |
| future | 未来mirai |
| book | 本hon |
| bookstore | 本屋honya |
| truth, right | 本当hontou |
| really, truly | 本当 にhontou ni |
| bookshelf | 本棚hondana |
| real thing | 本物honmono |
| desk | 机tsukue |
| village | 村mura |
| to come | 来るkuru |
| next year | 来年rainen |
| next month | 来月raigetsu |
| next week | 来週raishuu |
| east | 東higashi |
| Tokyo | 東京toukyou |
| Tokyo City | 東京市toukyoushi |
| forestmanmade | 林hayashi |
| counter for flat, thin objects | 枚mai |
| fruit | 果物kudamono |
| cherry tree | 桜sakura |
| shelf | 棚tana |
| forestnatural | 森mori |
| chair | 椅子isu |
| fun; enjoyable | 楽しいtanoshii |
| looking forward to; being excited about | 楽しみtanoshimi |
| exciting; much-anticipated | 楽しみtanoshimi |
| enjoyment; pleasure | 楽しみtanoshimi |
| to enjoy, to have a good time | 楽しむtanoshimu |
| side; beside; alongside | 横yoko |
| horizontal | 横yoko |
| horizontal writing | 横書きyokogaki |
| Yokohama | 横浜yokohama |
| bridge | 橋hashi |
| next, following, coming | 次tsugi |
| singer | 歌手kashu |
| song | 歌uta |
| to sing | 歌うutau |
| to come to a halt, to stopintransitive | 止まるtomaru |
| to stop ... | 止めるtomeru |
| to stop | 止むyamu 止む is used when something stops on its own. It's often used for weather phenomena, such as rain or snow. 止まる is a broader term that can be used for any sort of cessation of movement or action. |
| correct; right | 正しいtadashii |
| to walk | 歩くaruku |
| tooth | 歯ha |
| death | 死shi |
| to die | 死ぬshinu |
| dead body; corpse | 死体shitai |
| step; grade | 段dan |
| home country, homeland | 母国bokoku |
| mother plain | 母haha |
| Mother's Day | 母 の 日haha no hi |
| maternal side | 母方hahakata |
| mother | 母親hahaoya |
| every ~ | 毎mai |
| every year | 毎年mainen |
| every year | 毎年maitoshi |
| every day | 毎日mainichi |
| every month | 毎月maitsuki |
| every morning | 毎朝maiasa |
| every week | 毎週maishuu |
| every evening, every night | 毎晩maiban |
| mind, heart | 気ki |
| to take care; to be careful | 気 を 付けるki o tsukeru |
| feeling; mood | 気分kibun |
| feeling | 気持ちkimochi |
| (air) temperature; (atmospheric) temperature | 気温kion |
| water | 水mizu |
| swimsuit, bathing suit | 水着mizugi |
| light blue | 水色mizuiro |
| Wednesday | 水曜日suiyoubi |
| water buffalo | 水牛suigyuu |
| dirty | 汚いkitanai |
| pond | 池ike |
| to be decided | 決まるkimaru |
| to decide | 決めるkimeru |
| steam train | 汽車kisha |
| many, much, a lot | 沢山takusan Alternative way to write たくさん |
| thief; burglar | 泥棒dorobou |
| order | 注文chuumon |
| to order | 注文するchuumonsuru |
| swimming | 泳ぎoyogi |
| to swim | 泳ぐoyogu |
| (Western-style) clothes | 洋服youfuku |
| to wash | 洗うarau |
| laundry; washing | 洗濯sentaku |
| to do laundry; to wash clothes | 洗濯するsentakusuru |
| laundry; things to wash | 洗濯物sentakumono |
| to take (a bath or shower); to bask (in the sunlight) | 浴びるabiru |
| overseas, abroad, foreign | 海外kaigai |
| overseas trip; travel abroad | 海外旅行kaigairyokou |
| to travel abroad | 海外旅行 を するkaigairyokou o suru |
| sea, ocean | 海umi |
| to erase; to extinguish; to turn off, to switch off | 消すkesu |
| to disappear; to vanish; to go out; to be extinguished | 消えるkieru |
| refreshing; cool | 涼しいsuzushii |
| to hand over; to pass | 渡すwatasu |
| to cross over | 渡るwataru |
| (pleasantly) warm (object, food, emotion) | 温かいatatakai |
| lukewarm | 温いnurui |
| temperature | 温度ondo |
| lake | 湖mizuumi |
| Chinese character | 漢字kanji |
| fire | 火hi |
| to light; to ignite | 火 を つけるhi o tsukeru |
| (unintended and destructive) fire | 火事kaji |
| volcano | 火山kazan |
| Tuesday | 火曜日kayoubi |
| ash; ashes | 灰hai |
| ashtray | 灰皿haizara |
| gray | 灰色haiiro |
| free (of charge) | 無料muryou |
| to lose something | 無くすnakusu |
| hotthing | 熱いatsui |
| heat | 熱netsu |
| father plain | 父chichi |
| Father's Day | 父 の 日chichi no hi |
| paternal side | 父方chichikata |
| father | 父親chichioya |
| (cow's) milk | 牛乳gyuunyuu |
| beef | 牛肉gyuuniku |
| cow | 牛ushi |
| (concrete) thing | 物mono |
| tale, story | 物語monogatari |
| special; extraordinary | 特別tokubetsu |
| dog | 犬inu |
| situation | 状況joukyou |
| narrow; small | 狭いsemai |
| cat | 猫neko |
| entrance | 玄関genkan |
| ball | 玉tama |
| onion | 玉ねぎtamanegi |
| king | 王ou |
| bottle; jar | 瓶bin |
| sweet | 甘いamai |
| to take lightly; to underestimate | 甘く 見るamaku miru |
| raw; fresh | 生nama |
| draft beer | 生 ビールnama biiru |
| student; pupil | 生徒seito |
| to be born | 生まれるumareru |
| countryside; (rural area) | 田舎inaka |
| Tanaka surname | 田中tanaka |
| to say (humbly); to offer (words) (humbly) | 申し上げるmoushiageru |
| man | 男otoko |
| boy | 男 の 子otoko no ko |
| town | 町machi |
| painter | 画家gaka |
| international student; foreign exchange student | 留学生ryuugakusei |
| number | 番号bangou |
| to be tired | 疲れて いるtsukarete iru |
| to tire | 疲れるtsukareru |
| sickness, illness, disease | 病気byouki |
| hospital | 病院byouin |
| painful, sore | 痛いitai |
| to hurt, to ache | 痛むitamu |
| to hurt; to injure; to straintransitive | 痛めるitameru |
| announcement; presentation; publication | 発表happyou |
| to announce; to present; to publish | 発表するhappyousuru |
| to climb | 登るnoboru |
| whitenoun | 白shiro |
| whiteadjective | 白いshiroi |
| black and white | 白黒shirokuro |
| 100 | 百hyaku |
| million | 百万hyakuman |
| everyone; everybody | 皆minna Often written using hiragana instead of kanji. Can also refer to things instead of people, but 全部 is more common in that case. |
| skin; peel; bark | 皮kawa |
| washing-up, dish-washing | 皿洗いsaraarai |
| to steal | 盗むnusumu |
| eye | 目me |
| immediately; right away | 直ぐ にsugu ni |
| glasses | 眼鏡megane |
| to wearon upper body | 着るkiru |
| traditional Japanese dress | 着物kimono |
| to arrive, to reach | 着くtsuku |
| to know | 知るshiru |
| short (in length) | 短いmijikai |
| soap | 石鹸sekken |
| sugar | 砂糖satou |
| sand | 砂suna |
| sure, certain; reliable | 確かtashika |
| surely; certainly; indeed | 確か にtashika ni Where きっと expresses a strong belief or confidence that something will happen or is the case, 確か に often additionally implies that the speaker has evidence or reasoning to support the certainty, or has personally verified the fact. |
| to polish; to grind; to brush (teeth) | 磨くmigaku |
| company president; manager; director | 社長shachou The 社長 is the highest-ranking executive in a company. The 社長 is responsible for the overall management and direction of the company. This role is equivalent to the President or CEO in Western companies. |
| grandmother | 祖母sobo 祖母 is a formal alternative for grandmother. You might encounter this word in written contexts or official documents. In most contexts it's advised to use お婆さん instead, as it sounds more friendly and respectful. |
| grandfather | 祖父sofu 祖父 is a formal alternative for grandfather. You might encounter this word in written contexts or official documents. In most contexts it's advised to use お祖父さん instead, as it sounds more friendly and respectful. |
| I | 私watashi |
| we | 私たちwatashitachi |
| autumn, fall | 秋aki |
| type, kind | 種類shurui |
| karate | 空手karate |
| air | 空気kuuki |
| sky; air | 空sora |
| to get empty | 空くsuku |
| window | 窓mado |
| (service) counter | 窓口madoguchi |
| by the window | 窓辺madobe |
| splendid; magnificent; fine; admirable | 立派rippa |
| to start up, to boot up; to launch | 立ち上げるtachiageru |
| to stand; to stand up | 立つtatsu |
| answer | 答えkotae |
| to answer, to reply | 答えるkotaeru |
| box | 箱hako |
| chopsticks | 箸hashi |
| easy, simple | 簡単kantan |
| riceuncooked | 米kome |
| United States | 米国beikoku |
| thread | 糸ito |
| black tea | 紅茶koucha |
| paper | 紙kami |
| thin, slender, slim; narrow | 細いhosoi Primarily used to describe the thinness in diameter or width of something long and narrow, like a thread, hair, or a road. It can also describe slender physical features. |
| to finish (something), to end (something) | 終えるoeru |
| end | 終わりowari |
| to finish; to endintransitive | 終わるowaru |
| experience | 経験keiken |
| to experience | 経験するkeikensuru |
| marriage | 結婚kekkon |
| to marry | 結婚するkekkonsuru |
| splendid; nice; sufficient; no thank you; that's fine | 結構kekkou |
| picture; drawing; painting; sketch | 絵e |
| painting | 絵画kaiga |
| green | 緑midori |
| practice; training | 練習renshuu |
| to practice; to train | 練習するrenshuusuru |
| vertical; lengthwise | 縦tate |
| vertical writing | 縦書きtategaki |
| to put, to place; to leave | 置くoku |
| sheep | 羊hitsuji |
| beautiful woman | 美人bijin |
| delicious | 美味しいoishii Alternative way to write おいしい |
| beautiful | 美しいutsukushii |
| learn | 習うnarau Learning through practice and repetition, often with a teacher or in a formal setting. |
| to think about; to ponder; to consider | 考えるkangaeru |
| ear | 耳mimi |
| to listen; to hear | 聞くkiku |
| to ask | 聞くkiku |
| to be audible; to be able to hear | 聞こえるkikoeru |
| meat | 肉niku |
| stature; height | 背se |
| to be short | 背 が 低いse ga hikui |
| to be tall | 背 が 高いse ga takai |
| back (of the body) | 背中senaka |
| business suit | 背広sebiro |
| to take off; to remove clothing | 脱ぐnugu |
| oneself | 自分jibun |
| by himself; by herself | 自分 でjibun de |
| car; automobile | 自動車jidousha |
| bicycle | 自転車jitensha |
| to dance; to flutter | 舞うmau 舞う primarily means to flutter, to swirl, or to dance in a graceful, often floating manner. It conveys a sense of elegance, lightness, and sometimes a more traditional or poetic quality. It is frequently used in the context of nature, such as leaves fluttering in the wind, snowflakes falling gently, or birds dancing in the air. When referring to human dancing, 舞う often implies a more traditional or ritualistic dance, such as those found in classical Japanese arts like Noh or Kabuki. |
| good | 良いii alternative spelling |
| color | 色iro |
| various | 色々iroiro Alternative spelling of いろいろ. |
| flower | 花hana |
| flowers | 花々hanabana |
| fireworks | 花火hanabi |
| vase | 花瓶kabin |
| young | 若いwakai |
| bitter | 苦いnigai |
| English (language) | 英語eigo |
| United Kingdom; England | 英国eikoku |
| tea bowl; rice bowl | 茶碗chawan |
| brown | 茶色chairo |
| brown | 茶色いchairoi |
| grass | 草kusa |
| patch of (typically long and dense) grass | 草むらkusamura |
| herbivore | 草食soushoku |
| baggage, luggage | 荷物nimotsu |
| package | 荷物nimotsu |
| to fall; to drop | 落ちるochiru |
| to fail (for example an exam) | 落ちるochiru |
| leaf | 葉ha |
| postcard | 葉書hagaki |
| thin; light; weak | 薄いusui Used to describe the physical thinness of something flat (like paper or cloth), the lightness of color or taste, or the diluteness of a liquid. It can also imply something is superficial or not profound. |
| medicine | 薬kusuri |
| insect | 虫mushi |
| blood | 血chi |
| to go | 行くiku |
| to praise; to compliment | 褒めるhomeru |
| west | 西nishi |
| watermelon | 西瓜suika |
| to need; to want | 要るiru |
| to go to see; to visit | 見 に 行くmi ni iku |
| to be visible; to be able to see | 見えるmieru |
| to show; to display | 見せるmiseru |
| to find; to discover | 見つけるmitsukeru |
| to see; to look at; to watch | 見るmiru |
| rule; regulation | 規則kisoku |
| to remember; to memorize | 覚えるoboeru |
| parent(s) | 親oya |
| close friend; best friend | 親友shinyuu |
| kind; kindness | 親切shinsetsu |
| corner | 角kado |
| to touch; to feel | 触るsawaru |
| language | 言語gengo |
| to say | 言うiu |
| word; language | 言葉kotoba |
| plan | 計画keikaku 計画 refers to a plan, project, or scheme that involves detailed planning and preparation. It often implies a more structured and strategic approach. |
| to visit | 訪ねるtazuneru |
| exam; test | 試験shiken |
| boring | 詰まらないtsumaranai Usually written using only hiragana. |
| story; talk | 話hanashi |
| to speak | 話すhanasu |
| Happy birthday! | 誕生日 おめでとう！tanjoubi omedetou! |
| reading | 読書dokusho |
| to read | 読むyomu |
| who | 誰dare |
| no one; nobody | 誰 もdare mo |
| someone; somebody | 誰かdareka |
| section chief | 課長kachou The 課長 is responsible for managing a specific section or team within a department. This role involves overseeing the daily operations of the team, guiding staff, and ensuring that the team's objectives align with the department’s overall strategy. |
| police officer | 警官keikan |
| bean; pea; legume | 豆mame |
| bean soup | 豆 の スープmame no suupu |
| pig | 豚buta |
| pork | 豚肉butaniku |
| shellfish; shell | 貝kai |
| wallet | 財布saifu |
| to get; to receive; to take; to have (as in taking) | 貰うmorau Usually written without kanji. |
| shopping | 買い物kaimono |
| to buy | 買うkau |
| to lend | 貸すkasu |
| to paste; to stick; to affix | 貼るharu |
| lively, bustling | 賑やかnigiyaka |
| question | 質問shitsumon |
| to ask a question | 質問するshitsumonsuru |
| red | 赤aka |
| red | 赤いakai |
| baby, infant | 赤ちゃんakachan |
| to run | 走るhashiru |
| to get up; to wake up | 起きるokiru |
| to wake someone up | 起こすokosu |
| to cause | 起こすokosu |
| to occur; to happen | 起こるokoru |
| hobby | 趣味shumi |
| foot; leg | 足ashi |
| to be sufficient, to be enough | 足りるtariru |
| dance; dancing | 踊りodori |
| to dance | 踊るodoru |
| car | 車kuruma |
| light, (not heavy) | 軽いkarui |
| spicy; painful; harsh; hard | 辛いkarai |
| to stop (an activity); to give up; to quit | 辞めるyameru Alternative spelling of やめる |
| dictionary | 辞書jisho |
| area | 辺hen |
| near | 近いchikai |
| neighborhood, vicinity | 近くchikaku |
| to return (something); to give back | 返すkaesu |
| to send | 送るokuru |
| to escort; to see off | 送るokuru |
| to commute, to go (somewhere regularly) | 通うkayou |
| street; avenue | 通りtoori |
| fast | 速いhayai While both 速い and 早い can mean fast, when referring purely to speed and not also implying earliness, it's more common to use 速い. |
| fast | 速くhayaku |
| speed | 速さhayasa |
| week | 週shuu |
| weekend | 週末shuumatsu |
| to be late; to be delayed; to be overdue | 遅れるokureru |
| late; slow | 遅いosoi |
| late | 遅くosoku |
| to play (a game) | 遊ぶasobu |
| game; playing | 遊びasobi |
| to carry; to transport | 運ぶhakobu |
| exercise; movement | 運動undou |
| to exercise; to move | 運動するundousuru |
| driving; operation (of a machine) | 運転unten |
| to drive; to operate (a machine) | 運転するuntensuru |
| to exceed; to pass | 過ぎるsugiru |
| road, street, way | 道michi |
| to ask for directions | 道 を 聞くmichi o kiku |
| difference | 違いchigai |
| to differ; to be wrong | 違うchigau |
| far, distant | 遠いtooi |
| far; distant; far away | 遠くtooku |
| obstacle; hindrance | 邪魔jama |
| to disturb; to interrupt | 邪魔するjamasuru |
| department manager | 部長buchou A 部長 is responsible for overseeing an entire department within the company. This position typically involves managing multiple sections or teams within the department and making strategic decisions that align with the company’s broader goals. A 部長 ranks above a 課長. |
| room | 部屋heya |
| mail; postal service | 郵便yuubin |
| post office | 郵便局yuubinkyoku |
| capital | 都miyako |
| city; (urban area) | 都会tokai |
| city | 都市toshi 都市 is more generic than 市 and refers to the concept of a city as a populated and developed area. It doesn't necessarily imply a political or administrative boundary like 市 does. The term 都市 is more comparable to the English use of urban area or metropolis. |
| city center | 都心toshin |
| soy sauce | 醤油shouyu |
| village; hometown | 里sato |
| heavy | 重いomoi |
| important; significant | 重要juuyou |
| vegetable | 野菜yasai |
| gold | 金kin |
| Friday | 金曜日kinyoubi |
| iron | 鉄tetsu |
| pencil | 鉛筆enpitsu |
| silver | 銀gin |
| bank | 銀行ginkou |
| key | 鍵kagi |
| long | 長いnagai |
| length | 長さnagasa |
| gate | 門mon |
| to closeintransitive | 閉まるshimaru |
| to closetransitive | 閉めるshimeru |
| to openintransitive | 開くaku |
| to opentransitive | 開けるakeru |
| start, beginning | 開始kaishi |
| to start, to begin | 開始するkaishisuru |
| between | 間aida |
| period (of time) | 間aida |
| to be in time (for); to catch (e.g. a train) | 間に合うmaniau |
| to be involved in; to affect; to concern | 関わるkakawaru |
| to fall (from the sky) | 降るfuru |
| to get off; to disembark; to dismount | 降りるoriru |
| stairs | 階段kaidan |
| next to | 隣tonari |
| to gather; to come together; to assemble | 集まるatsumaru |
| to gather (something); to collect (something); to assemble (something) | 集めるatsumeru |
| magazine | 雑誌zasshi |
| difficult; hard | 難しいmuzukashii |
| rain | 雨ame |
| snow | 雪yuki |
| cloud | 雲kumo |
| zero | 零rei |
| thunder; thunderbolt | 雷kaminari |
| electricity; electric light | 電気denki |
| battery | 電池denchi |
| telephone | 電話denwa |
| to call, to telephone | 電話するdenwasuru |
| phone number | 電話番号denwabangou |
| electric train | 電車densha |
| blue | 青ao |
| bluealso green for traffic lights | 青いaoi |
| quiet | 静かshizuka |
| interesting; amusing | 面白いomoshiroi |
| shoes | 靴kutsu |
| sock | 靴下kutsushita |
| bag | 鞄kaban This is a general term for a bag, often referring to various kinds of handbags, school bags, or briefcases. It is more traditional and may be used more commonly in daily conversations than バッグ. |
| music | 音楽ongaku |
| sound | 音oto |
| Bon appétit. (Thank you for the meal) | 頂きます。itadakimasu. Literally: I humbly receive |
| to receive (humbly) | 頂くitadaku |
| approximate time (but still pretty specific) | 頃goro |
| approximate time (but not in a very narrow window of time) | 頃koro |
| head | 頭atama |
| intelligent, smart | 頭 が いいatama ga ii |
| headache | 頭痛zutsuu |
| to have a headache | 頭痛 が するzutsuu ga suru |
| to ask for ...; to order | 頼むtanomu |
| face | 顔kao |
| wind | 風kaze |
| cold; flu | 風邪kaze |
| to catch a cold | 風邪 を 引くkaze o hiku |
| airplane | 飛行機hikouki |
| to fly | 飛ぶtobu |
| meal | 食事shokuji |
| dining hall; cafeteria | 食堂shokudou |
| to eat | 食べるtaberu |
| food | 食べ物tabemono |
| drink, beverage | 飲み物nomimono |
| to drink | 飲むnomu |
| (hard) candy | 飴ame |
| neck | 首kubi |
| horse | 馬uma |
| feast | 馳走chisou |
| station | 駅eki |
| high school | 高校koukou |
| expensive; high, tall | 高いtakai |
| to rise; to increase | 高まるtakamaru |
| fish | 魚sakana |
| bird | 鳥tori |
| to chirp; to cry; to sing; to meow; to bark; (animal making sound) | 鳴くnaku |
| to sound; to ring | 鳴るnaru |
| chicken | 鶏niwatori |
| chicken (meat) | 鶏肉toriniku |
| deer | 鹿shika Also written using katakana. |
| yellow | 黄色kiiro |
| yellow | 黄色いkiiroi |
| black | 黒kuro |
| black | 黒いkuroi |
| nose | 鼻hana |