Nihon-shiki romanizationwatasi ha tyuugoku kara kimasita
Hepburn romanizationwatashi wa chuugoku kara kimashita
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name | (お)名前(o)namae |
| grandmother; old lady | (お)婆さん(o)baasan |
| guest; customer | (お)客(さん)(o)kyaku(san) |
| temple | (お)寺(o)tera |
| shop, store | (お)店(o)mise |
| boxed lunch | (お)弁当(o)bentou |
| plate, dish | (お)皿(o)sara |
| grandfather; old man | (お)祖父さん(o)ziisan |
| congratulation; celebration; congratulatory gift | (お)祝い(o)iwai |
| to celebrate | (お)祝いわいする(o)iwaisuru |
| festival; celebration | (お)祭り(o)maturi |
| green tea | (お)茶(o)tya |
| birthday | (お)誕生日(o)tanzyoubi |
| alcohol; rice wine | (お)酒(o)sake |
| money | (お)金(o)kane |
| wish, hope | (お)願い(o)negai |
| to request; to wish; to hope | (お)願いする(o)negaisuru |
| bath | (お)風呂(o)huro |
| to take a bath | (お)風呂 に 入る(o)huro ni hairu |
| (both) parents | (ご)両親(go)ryousin |
| husband | (ご)主人(go)syuzin Note how, just as with 家内 the kanji in this word correspond to traditional gender roles. The problem is that though among friends you can use 夫, in a less casual setting there's not currently really a good alternative to ご主人 to politely refer to someone else's husband. |
| I'm pleased to meet you. Please treat me well | (どうぞ) よろしく お願いします。(douzo) yorosiku onegaisimasu. |
| What does X mean? | X は 何 の 意味 です か？X ha nan no imi desu ka? |
| let me see; well; err | ええとeeto Means the same as えっと |
| let me see; well; err | えっとetto You can use this interjection if you need time to think. |
| child (polite) | お子さんokosan |
| because, since | からkara |
| though, although | けどkedo |
| though, although | けれどkeredo |
| but, however | しかしsikasi |
| See ya.casual | じゃあ ね。zyaa ne. |
| to do | するsuru |
| only, just, merely | ただtada |
| only; just | だけdake |
| a little bit | ちょっとtyotto |
| but, however | でもdemo |
| because, since | のでnode |
| to do | やるyaru やる has a more casual tone compared to する and is often used in everyday conversation. It's also often used when talking about doing a task, especially a chore. |
| U.S.A. | アメリカamerika |
| England; United Kindom, Britain | イギリスigirisu |
| game | ゲームgeemu |
| bag | バッグbaggu This word is typically used to describe more fashionable or trendy bags, such as designer handbags, clutches, and the like. It carries a modern or fashionable connotation. |
| plan | プランpuran |
| I’m glad that…; It’s good that… | ～て よかった～te yokatta |
| degrees counter | ~度~do This is the same counter as the times counter 〜度. |
| if ... is the case | 。。。 なら... nara |
| it is necessary to ...; it is needed to ... | 。。。 必要 が ある... hituyou ga aru |
| ten (objects) | 十つtoo |
| To move (house) | 引っ越すhikkosu |
| reason suffix | 〜te |
| must not | 〜ちゃ いけない〜tya ikenai |
| must not | 〜ちゃ ダメ〜tya dame |
| to decide on ~ | 〜 に する〜 ni suru |
| to be sensitive to; to be susceptible to | 〜 に 弱い〜 ni yowai |
| passive form suffix | 〜あれる〜areru |
| potential form | 〜える； 〜られる〜eru; 〜rareru For verbs in Group 1, change the final う-sound into an え-sound, and add -る as ending. For verbs in Group 2, change the -る ending into -られる. |
| volitional form | 〜おう、 〜よう〜ou, 〜you |
| thing; situation; verb nominalizer | 〜こと〜koto |
| to have done (before) | 〜こと が ある〜koto ga aru |
| to be able to; to be possible to | 〜こと が できる〜koto ga dekiru |
| verb suffix to express desire | 〜たい〜tai |
| sequential conditional | 〜たら〜tara |
| andnot exclusive; doing such things as ... | 〜たり〜tari |
| verb suffix for forming the imperative, among other things | 〜て〜te |
| grammar indicating remaining state intentionally brought about by someone | 〜て ある〜te aru |
| grammar for indicating an ongoing state or action | 〜て いる〜te iru |
| I'm sorry for ... | 〜て ごめん なさい〜te gomen nasai |
| I'm sorry for ... | 〜て すみません〜te sumimasen |
| must not; is not allowed | 〜て は いけない〜te ha ikenai |
| must not; is not allowed | 〜て は いけません〜te ha ikemasen |
| Even if; even though; (after verbs and i-adjectives) | 〜て も〜te mo |
| It is ok to 〜 | 〜て も いい (です)〜te mo ii (desu) |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜ない と いけない〜nai to ikenai |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜ない と ダメ (です)〜nai to dame (desu) |
| without doing | 〜ないで〜naide |
| while ... | 〜ながら〜nagara |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくちゃ〜nakutya |
| to not do 〜 and ...; to not do 〜 so ... | 〜なくて〜nakute |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくて は いけない〜nakute ha ikenai |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくて は ならない〜nakute ha naranai |
| to have to do 〜 | 〜なくて は ダメ〜nakute ha dame |
| It's ok not to; to not have to | 〜なくて も いい〜nakute mo ii |
| if not | 〜なければ〜nakereba |
| if | 〜ば〜ba |
| throughout, duringused after a noun | 〜中〜tyuu Sometimes the initial t-sound changes into a d-sound due to rendaku, a phenomenon where the initial consonant of the second part of a compound word becomes voiced. Unfortunately, there are no clear rules for when rendaku applies. |
| people counter | 〜人〜nin |
| person from ... (suffix for indicating nationality, race or origin) | 〜人〜zin |
| minute (counter) | 〜分〜hun |
| intended for; aimed at | 〜向け〜muke |
| occurrence counter; number of times | 〜回〜kai |
| suffix to indicate profession or expertise | 〜家〜ka |
| times counter | 〜度〜do This counter is regular. |
| way of; method of | 〜方〜kata |
| day counter | 〜日〜niti |
| easy to ... | 〜易い〜yasui |
| hour (counter) | 〜時〜zi |
| long, cylindrical object counter | 〜本〜hon |
| cup counter | 〜杯〜hai Used to count cups, glasses, bowls, or servings of liquid, such as drinks and soups. It can also be used to count things that are typically served in a vessel, like scoops of ice cream or servings of rice. The pronunciation changes just as any other counter that starts with an h-sound, such as 本hon and 百hyaku. |
| years of age (counter) | 〜歳〜sai |
| language suffix | 〜語〜go |
| (emotionally or personally) difficult to ...; uncomfortable to ... | 〜辛い〜durai |
| by the 〜 | 〜辺〜be Can only be used after some nouns, so don't just randomly attach this after any noun. |
| pluralizing suffix | 〜達〜tati |
| duration suffix | 〜間〜kan |
| floor counter | 〜階〜kai |
| (physically or technically) difficult to ... | 〜難い〜nikui |
| ah, oh, uh | ああaa |
| (over) there | あそこasoko |
| that over there formal; that person over there; that way over there | あちらatira |
| that person over there; that way over there; that (one) over there | あっちatti |
| you | あなたanata |
| you (plural) | あなたたちanatatati |
| that ... (over there) adnominal | あのano |
| um, uh; excuse me | あのうanou |
| thank you neutral | ありがとうarigatou |
| Thank you. formal | ありがとう ございます。arigatou gozaimasu. |
| to exist; to have; (used for non-living entities) | あるaru |
| that (one) over there pronoun | あれare |
| like that | あんなanna |
| good | いいii |
| no | いいえiie |
| how | いかがikaga |
| how many | いくつikutu |
| how much | いくらikura |
| I'm leaving (the house). | いってきます。ittekimasu. Literally: I'll go and come back. |
| Take care. Come back safely. | いってらっしゃい。itterassyai. Literally: go and come back |
| full | いっぱいippai |
| when | いつitu |
| to comehonorific | いらっしゃるirassyaru |
| to exist; to stay; to have (used for living beings) | いるiru |
| various | いろいろiroiro |
| home | うちuti |
| noisy; annoying | うるさいurusai |
| yes | ええee |
| honorific prefix | おo |
| delicious | おいしいoisii |
| funny; strange | おかしいokasii |
| probably, perhaps | おそらくosoraku Same degree of confidence as 多分, but more formal. |
| Good morning. | おはよう ございます。ohayou gozaimasu. |
| Good morning.casual | おはよう。ohayou. |
| congratulations | おめでとうomedetou |
| congratulations | おめでとう ございますomedetou gozaimasu This is more polite and formal than just おめでとう |
| Good night. | おやすみ なさい。oyasumi nasai. |
| snack | おやつoyatu |
| and; as well as | およびoyobi |
| bill; check | お会計okaikei |
| older brother polite | お兄さんoniisan |
| Please go ahead; Please go first; After you | お先 に どうぞ。osaki ni douzo. |
| older sister polite | お姉さんoneesan |
| police officer | お巡りさんomawarisan お巡りさん is a polite and somewhat affectionate term for a police officer. |
| Welcome home. | お帰り なさい。okaeri nasai. Literally: do return |
| toilet; restroom; lavatory; bathroom | お手洗いotearai |
| mother polite | お母さんokaasan |
| father | お父さんotousan |
| stomach; belly | お腹onaka |
| to be hungry | お腹 が 空くonaka ga suku |
| candy; sweets; snacks | お菓子okasi |
| visiting someone who is ill or injured; a visit to express sympathy; sending a gift or card to someone who is unwell as a gesture of concern and well-wishing | お見舞いomimai |
| Excuse me for interrupting you; Used as a greeting when entering someone's home | お邪魔します。ozyamasimasu. |
| question particle | かka |
| or exhaustive | かka |
| whether or not | か どう かka dou ka |
| to take (time to do something) | かかるkakaru |
| to come down with (a disease); to catch (a disease) | かかるkakaru |
| I wonder | かなkana |
| from; since; after | からkara |
| subject particle | がga |
| but | がga |
| surely, certainly | きっとkitto |
| cucumber | きゅうりkyuuri |
| pretty, beautiful; clean | きれいkirei |
| beautifully; cleanly | きれいにkireini |
| please | くださいkudasai |
| about; approximately | ぐらいgurai |
| though/although | けれどもkeredomo |
| here | ここkoko |
| this formal; this person; this way | こちらkotira |
| this person; this way; this (one) | こっちkotti |
| this ... adnominal | このkono |
| near here | この 近く にkono tikaku ni |
| these days; recently; nowadays | このごろkonogoro |
| this (one) pronoun | これkore |
| these | これらkorera |
| like this, this kind of | こんなkonna |
| Good day. | こんにち は。konniti ha. |
| Good evening. | こんばん は。konban ha. |
| honorific prefix | ごgo |
| to be very polite | ございますgozaimasu |
| pardon; sorry | ごめんgomen |
| May I come in; Please forgive me. | ごめん ください。gomen kudasai. |
| I beg your pardon; Excuse me. | ごめん なさい。gomen nasai. |
| about; approximate time | ごろgoro |
| rice; meal | ご飯gohan |
| It was a feast. (Thank you for the meal) | ご馳走さま でした。gotisousama desita. |
| It was a feast. (Thank you for the meal) | ご馳走さま。gotisousama. |
| cherry | さくらんぼsakuranbo |
| honorific postfix | さまsama Can be used after a noun or な-adjective prefixed with お- or ご- honorifics. |
| Goodbye. | さようなら。sayounara. |
| to be done | されるsareru |
| polite name ender | さんsan |
| only, just; nothing but, no more than | しかsika Used together with a negative verb. |
| it is not the case | じゃ ありませんzya arimasen |
| it is not the case | じゃ ないzya nai |
| if not; (after na-adjectives and nouns) | じゃ なければzya nakereba |
| then; well; so; well then | じゃあzyaa |
| See you later.casual | じゃあ また。zyaa mata. |
| soon; right away, at once | すぐsugu |
| completely, entirely | すっかりsukkari |
| I'm sorry; pardon me; thank you | すみませんsumimasen |
| so, such | そうsou |
| therenear the listener | そこsoko |
| and sentence conjunction | そしてsosite |
| that formal; that person; that way | そちらsotira |
| that person; that way; that (one) | そっちsotti |
| that ... adnominal | そのsono |
| that (one) pronoun | それsore |
| and; and then; since then | それからsorekara |
| those; they | それらsorera |
| soon | そろそろsorosoro |
| like that, (referring to something close to the listener or something mentioned in the conversation) | そんなsonna |
| many, much, a lot | たくさんtakusan |
| just now | ただいまtadaima |
| I'm back. | ただいま。tadaima. Literally "just now", an abbreviation of "I've returned just now": ただいま帰りました |
| pluralizing suffix | たちtati |
| for the sake of; in order to; because of | ため にtame ni |
| to be | だda |
| not limited to; not only | だけで なくdakede naku |
| not limited to; not only | だけで は なくdakede ha naku |
| no good, useless | だめdame |
| probably, I think; isn't it, right? | だろうdarou |
| gradually | だんだんdandan |
| Excuse me, are you free? | ちょっと いい です か？tyotto ii desu ka? |
| general object counter | つtu |
| finally, at last | ついにtuini |
| to turn on; to switch on | つけるtukeru |
| intention | つもりtumori |
| location particle (for events and actions) | でde |
| method/means particle | でde |
| reason particle | でde |
| particle for connecting nouns | でde |
| if; (following na-adjective or noun) | で あればde areba |
| if not; (after na-adjectives and nouns) | で なければde nakereba |
| it is not the case | で は ありませんde ha arimasen |
| it is not the case; is not | で は ないde ha nai |
| Even if; even though; (after nouns and na-adjectives) | で もde mo |
| to be made of | で 出来て いるde dekite iru Usually written using only hiragana |
| to be able to do | できるdekiru |
| to be ready | できるdekiru |
| as ... as possible | できる だけdekiru dake |
| probably, I think; isn't it, right? | でしょうdesyou |
| to be | ですdesu |
| ... or something; something like ... | でもdemo |
| and; or; with | とto |
| if | とto |
| together with | と 一緒 にto issyo ni |
| very, extremely | とてもtotemo |
| how; how about; what | どうdou The only difference between どう and いかが is that いかが is more polite than どう. |
| What happened?; What's wrong? | どう しました か。dou simasita ka. |
| why; how | どうしてdousite |
| please; go ahead | どうぞdouzo |
| here you are | どうぞdouzo |
| Please go ahead; Please go first; After you | どうぞ お先 にdouzo osaki ni |
| I'm pleased to meet you. Please treat me well | どうぞ よろしく。douzo yorosiku. |
| thanks casual | どうもdoumo |
| Thank you very much. formal | どうも ありがとう ございます。doumo arigatou gozaimasu. |
| Thank you very much. neutral | どうも ありがとう。doumo arigatou. |
| how; by what means/method | どうやってdouyatte |
| where | どこdoko |
| which one; who | どちらdotira |
| which person; which way; which (one) | どっちdotti |
| whovery polite | どなたdonata |
| which ... | どのdono |
| which (one) | どれdore |
| what, what kind of | どんなdonna |
| versatile and expressive particle often used in conversational Japanese to convey a range of emotions, from reflection and emphasis to longing and admiration | なあnaa |
| not | ないnai |
| do imperative | なさいnasai |
| why; for what reason | なぜnaze Same as 何故. This word is often written using hiragana alone. |
| et cetera, and so on, and the like | などnado |
| if; (following na-adjective or noun) | ならばnaraba |
| to become | なるnaru |
| at; on; in; to; for [indirect object particle] | にni |
| concerning; regarding | に つい てni tui te |
| according to | に よる とni yoru to |
| to look like | に 見えるni mieru |
| confirmation particle | ねne |
| possessive case particle | のno |
| verb nominalizer | のno |
| particle used at the end of a sentence for explanation, confirmation, softening or emphasis | のno |
| having; with | の あるno aru |
| the explanation is that...; it is that.... | の ですno desu |
| topic particle | はha |
| yes | はいhai |
| How do you do? / Nice to meet you.When meeting for the first time | はじめまして。hazimemasite. |
| suitable, appropriate | ふさわしいhusawasii |
| grape | ぶどうbudou |
| to [destination particle] | へhe |
| wanted | ほしいhosii |
| first of all; to start with | まずmazu |
| unpalatable; bad-tasting | まずいmazui |
| again; also | またmata |
| Later!casual | また ね。mata ne. |
| still, yet | まだmada |
| straight, direct | まっすぐmassugu |
| to go straight | まっすぐ いくmassugu iku |
| until, till, to | までmade |
| even; (extreme extent) | までmade |
| by; by the time | まで にmade ni |
| extremelyslang | めちゃmetya |
| too; also | もmo |
| already; more; again | もうmou |
| before long; soon; nearly | もうすぐmousugu |
| more | もっとmotto |
| and; or not exhaustive | やya |
| to stop (an activity); to give up; to quit | やめるyameru |
| slowly; leisurely | ゆっくりyukkuri |
| assertion particle | よyo |
| often | よくyoku |
| than; from; more | よりyori |
| to be due to; to be caused by | よるyoru |
| well, properly; best regards | よろしくyorosiku |
| pluralizing suffix | らra |
| apple | りんごringo |
| direct object particle | をwo |
| the explanation is that...; it is that.... | んだnda |
| the explanation is that...; it is that.... | んですndesu |
| ice; ice cream | アイスaisu |
| ice cream | アイスクリームaisukuriimu |
| ice tea | アイスティaisuthi |
| Iceland | アイスランドaisurando |
| idea | アイディアaidhia |
| Asia | アジアazia |
| advice | アドバイスadobaisu |
| address | アドレスadoresu |
| animation | アニメanime |
| apartment | アパートapaato |
| Africa | アフリカahurika |
| app; application | アプリapuri |
| American football | アメフトamehuto |
| American person | アメリカ人amerikazin |
| Arabic | アラビア語arabiago |
| alcohol | アルコールarukooru |
| part-time job | アルバイトarubaito Borrowed from the German word Arbeit, which means work or job. |
| album | アルバムarubamu |
| allergy | アレルギーarerugii |
| Andrew | アンドリューandoryuu |
| Italy | イタリアitaria |
| event | イベントibento |
| earrings (wearable without pierced ears) | イヤリングiyaringu |
| interview | インタビューintabyuu |
| internet | インターネットintaanetto |
| India | インドindo |
| whisky | ウイスキーuisukii |
| virus | ウイルスuirusu |
| website | ウェブサイトwebusaito |
| rabbit | ウサギusagi |
| air conditioning; air conditioner | エアコンeakon |
| escalator | エスカレーターesukareetaa |
| shrimp | エビebi |
| elevator | エレベーターerebeetaa |
| engineer | エンジニアenzinia |
| engine | エンジンenzin |
| office | オフィスofisu |
| omurice; fried rice wrapped in an omelette | オムライスomuraisu |
| The Netherlands | オランダoranda |
| orangefruit; color | オレンジorenzi |
| online | オンラインonrain |
| frog | カエルkaeru |
| casual | カジュアルkazyuaru |
| cup | カップkappu |
| Canada | カナダkanada |
| crab | カニkani |
| canoe | カヌーkanuu |
| cafe | カフェkafe |
| camera | カメラkamera |
| cameraman | カメラマンkameraman |
| Karaoke | カラオケkaraoke |
| crow | カラスkarasu |
| calendar | カレンダーkarendaa |
| curry | カレーkaree |
| card | カードkaado |
| gas | ガスgasu |
| gasoline; petrol | ガソリンgasorin |
| gas station; petrol station | ガソリンスタンドgasorinsutando |
| gum | ガムgamu |
| glass (material) | ガラスgarasu |
| cancer | ガンgan |
| fox | キツネkitune |
| candle | キャンドルkyandoru |
| Cuba | キューバkyuuba |
| giraffe | キリンkirin |
| kilogram | キログラムkiroguramu |
| kilometer | キロメートルkiromeetoru |
| guitar | ギターgitaa |
| quality | クオリティkuorithi |
| cookie | クッキーkukkii |
| spider | クモkumo |
| class | クラスkurasu |
| club | クラブkurabu |
| Christmas | クリスマスkurisumasu |
| cleaning; dry cleaning | クリーニングkuriiningu |
| cleaner; dry cleaner | クリーニング屋kuriininguya |
| cream | クリームkuriimu |
| credit | クレジットkurezitto |
| credit card | クレジット カードkurezitto kaado |
| gram | グラムguramu |
| gray | グレーguree |
| cake | ケーキkeeki |
| bat | コウモリkoumori |
| copy | コピーkopii |
| to make a copy (of) | コピー を 取るkopii wo toru |
| to copy | コピーするkopiisuru |
| comedy | コメディkomedhi |
| concert | コンサートkonsaato |
| convenience store | コンビニkonbini |
| computer | コンピュータkonpyuuta Alternative spelling of コンピューター |
| computer | コンピューターkonpyuutaa |
| tennis court | コートkooto |
| coat | コートkooto |
| coffee | コーヒーkoohii |
| coffee cup | コーヒーカップkoohiikappu |
| coffee beans | コーヒー豆koohiimame |
| trash can; garbage bin | ゴミ箱gomibako |
| gorilla | ゴリラgorira |
| golf | ゴルフgoruhu |
| goal | ゴールgooru |
| size | サイズsaizu |
| soccer | サッカーsakkaa |
| salad | サラダsarada |
| office worker | サラリーマンsarariiman |
| sunglasses | サングラスsangurasu |
| sandal | サンダルsandaru |
| sandwich | サンドイッチsandoitti |
| surfing | サーフィンsaafin |
| deer | シカsika |
| zebra | シマウマsimauma |
| shirt | シャツsyatu |
| shower | シャワーsyawaa |
| shock | ショックsyokku |
| gym | ジムzimu |
| Jim | ジムzimu |
| jam; (as in the fruit preserve) | ジャムzyamu |
| genre | ジャンルzyanru |
| juice | ジュースzyuusu |
| jogging, jog | ジョギングzyogingu |
| John | ジョンzyon |
| soup | スウプsuupu |
| skydiving | スカイダイビングsukaidaibingu |
| skirt | スカートsukaato |
| screen | スクリーンsukuriin |
| sticker | ステッカーsutekkaa |
| steak | ステーキsuteeki |
| stage | ステージsuteezi |
| stove; heater | ストーブsutoobu |
| (audio) speaker | スピーカーsupiikaa |
| spoon | スプーンsupuun |
| Spain | スペインsupein |
| Spanish language | スペイン語supeingo |
| sports | スポーツsupootu |
| slippers | スリッパsurippa |
| suit | スーツsuutu |
| suitcase | スーツケースsuutukeesu |
| supermarket | スーパーsuupaa |
| trousers | ズボンzubon |
| sense; taste | センスsensu |
| sweater, jumper | セーターseetaa |
| salesman | セールスマンseerusuman |
| zero | ゼロzero |
| software | ソフトsohuto |
| Somalia | ソマリアsomaria |
| solo | ソロsoro |
| Thailand | タイtai |
| taxi | タクシーtakusii |
| cigarettes; tobacco | タバコtabako |
| diamond | ダイヤモンドdaiyamondo |
| ticket | チケットtiketto |
| chocolate | チョコレートtyokoreeto |
| chocolate cake | チョコレートケーキtyokoreetokeeki |
| chocolate bar | チョコレートバーtyokoreetobaa |
| chimpanzee | チンパンジーtinpanzii |
| cheese | チーズtiizu |
| text(book) | テキストtekisuto |
| test | テストtesuto |
| to test | テストするtesutosuru |
| tennis | テニスtenisu |
| TV | テレビterebi |
| videogame | テレビゲームterebigeemu |
| excitement; mood; energy | テンションtensyon |
| being low energy; being not excited | テンション が 低いtensyon ga hikui |
| being high energy; being excited | テンション が 高いtensyon ga takai |
| table | テーブルteeburu |
| tape | テープteepu |
| tape recorder | テープレコーダーteepurekoodaa |
| theme; topic | テーマteema |
| designer | デザイナーdezainaa |
| design | デザインdezain |
| dessert | デザートdezaato |
| department store | デパートdepaato |
| data | データdeeta |
| (romantic) date | デートdeeto |
| toilet | トイレtoire |
| lizard | トカゲtokage |
| tomato | トマトtomato |
| Toyota | トヨタtoyota |
| traffic | トラフィックtorafikku |
| trumpet | トランペットtoranpetto |
| tunnel | トンネルtonneru |
| Western style door | ドアdoa |
| doorbell | ドアベルdoaberu |
| Germany | ドイツdoitu |
| German language | ドイツ語doitugo |
| drama | ドラマdorama |
| dollar | ドルdoru |
| dress (garment) | ドレスdoresu |
| knife | ナイフnaihu |
| New York | ニュー ヨークnyuu yooku |
| news | ニュースnyuusu |
| tie; necktie | ネクタイnekutai |
| screw | ネジnezi |
| mouse; rat | ネズミnezumi |
| necklace | ネックレスnekkuresu |
| notebook | ノートnooto |
| hiking | ハイキングhaikingu |
| ham | ハムhamu |
| hamster | ハムスターhamusutaa |
| Hawaii | ハワイhawai |
| handkerchief | ハンカチhankati |
| (coat) hanger | ハンガーhangaa |
| hammock | ハンモックhanmokku |
| violin | バイオリンbaiorin |
| buffet | バイキングbaikingu |
| bus | バスbasu |
| butter | バターbataa |
| battery | バッテリーbatterii |
| banana | バナナbanana |
| vanilla | バニラbanira |
| rose | バラbara |
| band | バンドbando |
| bar | バーbaa |
| barbecue | バーベキューbaabekyuu |
| pasta | パスタpasuta |
| password | パスワードpasuwaado |
| computer | パソコンpasokon |
| Paris | パリpari |
| bread | パンpan |
| pancake | パンケーキpankeeki |
| percent | パーセントpaasento |
| party | パーティーpaathii |
| business | ビジネスbizinesu |
| building | ビルbiru |
| beach | ビーチbiiti |
| beer | ビールbiiru |
| earrings (for pierced ears) | ピアスpiasu |
| piano | ピアノpiano |
| picnic | ピクニックpikunikku |
| pizza | ピザpiza |
| pink | ピンクpinku |
| fax | ファックスfakkusu |
| fashion | ファッションfassyon |
| film | フィルムfirumu |
| fence | フェンスfensu |
| fork | フォークfooku |
| hook | フックhukku |
| frying pan | フライパンhuraipan |
| France | フランスhuransu |
| French (language) | フランス語huransugo |
| flute | フルートhuruuto |
| blue | ブルーburuu |
| bracelet | ブレスレットburesuretto |
| present | プレゼントpurezento |
| to give as a present | プレゼントするpurezentosuru |
| professional, pro | プロpuro |
| project | プロジェクトpurozyekuto |
| (swimming) pool | プールpuuru |
| snake | ヘビhebi |
| vegetarian | ベジタリアンbezitarian |
| bed | ベッドbeddo |
| bell | ベルberu |
| pet | ペットpetto |
| pen | ペンpen |
| paint; (the kind used for painting walls, buildings, and other surfaces) | ペンキpenki |
| to apply paint; to paint | ペンキ を 塗るpenki wo nuru |
| page | ページpeezi |
| hot | ホットhotto ホット is neither an い-adjective nor a な-adjective. It's a noun. When used to describe a hot drink like coffee, ホット コーヒー, it functions more like a noun as part of a compound noun. |
| hotel | ホテルhoteru |
| button | ボタンbotan |
| ball | ボールbooru |
| ballpoint pen | ボールペンboorupen |
| ポケットpoketto | |
| Pokemon | ポケモンpokemon |
| postbox; mailbox | ポストposuto |
| popcorn | ポップコーンpoppukoon |
| potatoe | ポテトpoteto |
| poundunit of weight; currency | ポンドpondo |
| match | マッチmatti A small stick used to light a fire or a competition. |
| mat | マットmatto |
| apartment | マンションmansyon |
| mark | マークmaaku |
| to mark | マークするmaakusuru |
| mistake; error | ミスmisu |
| milk | ミルクmiruku |
| meeting | ミーティングmiithingu |
| Mary | メアリーmearii |
| makeup | メイクmeiku |
| Mexican | メキシカンmekisikan |
| message | メッセージmesseezi |
| menu | メニューmenyuu |
| memo | メモmemo |
| to take notes | メモするmemosuru |
| (computer) memory | メモリーmemorii |
| Mercedes | メルセデスmerusedesu |
| meter | メートルmeetoru |
| メールmeeru | |
| email address | メール アドレスmeeru adoresu |
| model | モデルmoderu |
| Morocco | モロッコmorokko |
| Judea (southern Palestine) | ユダヤyudaya |
| Jewish person | ユダヤ人yudayazin |
| humor | ユーモアyuumoa |
| yoghurt | ヨーグルトyooguruto |
| Europe | ヨーロッパyooroppa |
| lion | ライオンraion |
| radio | ラジオrazio |
| radio cassette player | ラジオカセットraziokasetto |
| radio cassette player | ラジカセrazikase |
| laptop | ラップトップrapputoppu |
| label | ラベルraberu |
| orchid | ランran |
| runner | ランナーrannaa |
| running as exercise | ランニングranningu |
| to run | ランニングするranningusuru |
| ramen | ラーメンraamen |
| list | リストrisuto |
| relax | リラックスrirakkusu |
| to relax | リラックスするrirakkususuru |
| record | レコードrekoodo |
| recipe | レシピresipi |
| restaurant | レストランresutoran |
| report | レポートrepooto |
| lemon | レモンremon |
| Los Angeles | ロサンゼルスrosanzerusu |
| Russia | ロシアrosia |
| locker | ロッカーrokkaa |
| robot | ロボットrobotto |
| London | ロンドンrondon |
| roast | ローストroosuto |
| dress shirt | ワイシャツwaisyatu The term ワイシャツ is derived from the English word white shirt, but in Japanese, it generally refers to any formal dress shirt, not necessarily white. |
| wine | ワインwain |
| wax | ワックスwakkusu |
| crocodile | ワニwani |
| one (object) | 一つhitotu |
| one person; alone | 一人hitori |
| single word; brief comment | 一言hitokoto |
| once | 一回ikkai |
| step | 一歩ippo |
| 1,000 | 一千issen |
| ten million | 一千万issenman |
| together; same | 一緒issyo |
| together; at the same time; simultaneously | 一緒 にissyo ni |
| one | 一iti |
| ten thousand | 一万itiman |
| one day | 一日itiniti |
| January | 一月itigatu |
| verb group 2 | 一段itidan |
| first; best | 一番itiban |
| the year before last | 一昨年ototosi |
| the day before yesterday | 一昨日ototoi |
| day one | 一日tuitati |
| once | 一度itido |
| not even once | 一度 もitido mo |
| exactly, precisely; just | 丁度tyoudo |
| seven (objects) | 七つnanatu |
| seventy thousand | 七万nanaman |
| 70 | 七十nanazyuu |
| 7,000 | 七千nanasen |
| 700 | 七百nanahyaku |
| day seven; seven days | 七日nanoka |
| July | 七月sitigatu |
| seven | 七nana |
| seven | 七siti |
| ten thousands counter | 万man |
| fountain pen | 万年筆mannenhitu |
| sturdy; strong; durable | 丈夫zyoubu |
| day three; three days | 三日mikka |
| three (objects) | 三つmittu |
| three | 三san |
| thirty thousand | 三万sanman |
| 30 | 三十sanzyuu |
| 3,000 | 三千sanzen |
| March | 三月sangatu |
| 300 | 三百sanbyaku |
| to rise; to go up | 上がるagaru |
| to be promoted; to advance | 上がるagaru |
| to raise; to give | 上げるageru |
| on; above; up; top | 上ue |
| district in Tokyo that's famous for it's park | 上野ueno |
| Ueno Park | 上野 公園ueno kouen |
| coat; jacket; outer garment | 上着uwagi |
| boss; supervisor | 上司zyousi 上司 is a general term that means boss or supervisor and can refer to any person who holds a higher rank than you at work. |
| good (at); skillful | 上手zyouzu |
| bad (at), unskillful | 下手heta |
| to descend; to go down | 下るkudaru |
| down; under; lower; below | 下sita |
| inconvenience; inconvenient | 不便huben |
| unappetizing; bad-tasting; unpleasant | 不味いmazui |
| to give (something intangible); to bestow; to grant | 与えるataeru |
| both ~ | 両〜ryou〜 |
| to be lined up; to line up | 並ぶnarabu |
| to line up something; to arrange | 並べるnaraberu |
| in, inside; middle | 中naka |
| China | 中国tyuugoku |
| Chinese person | 中国人tyuugokuzin |
| Chinese language | 中国語tyuugokugo |
| junior high school; middle school | 中学校tyuugakkou |
| center | 中心tyuusin |
| round, circular | 丸いmarui |
| owner (of a store); landlord | 主人syuzin |
| to ride; to get on (a vehicle) | 乗るnoru |
| nine (objects) | 九つkokonotu |
| day nine; nine days | 九日kokonoka |
| September | 九月kugatu |
| nine | 九kyuu |
| ninety thousand | 九万kyuuman |
| 90 | 九十kyuuzyuu |
| 9,000 | 九千kyuusen |
| 900 | 九百kyuuhyaku |
| plan; plans | 予定yotei 予定 refers to a single scheduled instance or arrangement. It implies a fixed or pre-determined plan, often involving time or dates. |
| (intangible) thing; matter | 事koto |
| accident | 事故ziko |
| twenty years old | 二十歳hatati |
| day twenty; twenty days | 二十日hatuka |
| two (objects) | 二つhutatu |
| two people | 二人hutari |
| day two; two days | 二日hutuka |
| two | 二ni |
| twenty thousand | 二万niman |
| 20 | 二十nizyuu |
| day twenty-seven; twenty-seven days | 二十七日nizyuusitiniti |
| day twenty-four; twenty-four days | 二十四日nizyuuyokka |
| 2,000 | 二千nisen |
| twice | 二回nikai |
| two times; twice | 二度nido |
| never again | 二度とnidoto |
| February | 二月nigatu |
| 200 | 二百nihyaku |
| five | 五go |
| fifty thousand | 五万goman |
| 50 | 五十gozyuu |
| 5,000 | 五千gosen |
| May | 五月gogatu |
| verb group 1 | 五段godan |
| 500 | 五百gohyaku |
| five (objects) | 五つitutu |
| day five; five days | 五日ituka |
| to pass away; to die | 亡くなるnakunaru |
| intersection | 交差点kousaten |
| police box | 交番kouban A 交番 is a small neighborhood police station commonly found in Japan where police officers provide various services, such as giving directions, handling lost and found items, and responding to local incidents. |
| traffic; transportation | 交通koutuu |
| traffic accident | 交通事故koutuuziko |
| traffic situation | 交通状況koutuuzyoukyou |
| Kyoto | 京都kyouto |
| people | 人々hitobito |
| popularity | 人気ninki |
| to be popular | 人気 が あるninki ga aru |
| population | 人口zinkou |
| manmade, artificial | 人工zinkou |
| life | 人生zinsei |
| person | 人hito |
| now | 今ima |
| this morning | 今朝kesa |
| tonight | 今夜konya |
| tonight, this evening | 今晩konban |
| this month | 今月kongetu |
| this week | 今週konsyuu |
| this year | 今年kotosi |
| today | 今日kyou |
| work, job | 仕事sigoto |
| to work | 仕事するsigotosuru |
| other, another | 他hoka Often written using hiragana only. |
| to attach; to apply; to put | 付けるtukeru |
| holiday, day off | 休日kyuuzitu |
| rest, break; holiday | 休みyasumi |
| day off | 休み の 日yasumi no hi |
| to rest; to take a break | 休むyasumu |
| to be absent; to take a day off | 休むyasumu |
| to meet, to see | 会うau |
| company | 会社kaisya |
| aunt | 伯母oba |
| uncle | 伯父ozi |
| to ask (humbly) | 伺うukagau |
| low, short | 低いhikui |
| to live in, to reside | 住むsumu |
| body | 体karada |
| always; never | 何時もitumo |
| what | 何nan |
| what | 何nani |
| something | 何かnanika |
| nothing, (not) anything | 何もnanimo |
| What is it? | 何 です か？nan desu ka? |
| how; what; (what with) | 何とnanto |
| how many people | 何人nannin |
| thousands | 何千nanzen |
| how many times | 何回nankai |
| what year | 何年nannen |
| how many times, how often; many times | 何度nando |
| many times | 何度 もnando mo |
| what day (of the month); how many days | 何日nanniti |
| what time | 何時nanzi |
| how many hours | 何時間nanzikan |
| what day (of the week) | 何曜日nanyoubi |
| what month | 何月nangatu |
| how many years old | 何歳nansai |
| what floor | 何階nankai |
| why; for what reason | 何故naze |
| not much; not very | 余りamari |
| composition; essay | 作文sakubun |
| novelist, writer | 作家sakka |
| making, producing; make, construction, structure | 作りtukuri |
| make | 作るtukuru |
| to use | 使うtukau |
| useful, convenient | 便利なbenrina |
| to believe; to trust | 信じるsinziru |
| traffic light; signal | 信号singou |
| trust | 信頼sinrai |
| trustworthy; able to be trusted | 信頼 できるsinrai dekiru The structure [noun] + できる is a common way to express the ability or possibility related to the noun. This construction turns the noun into an adjective describing the noun that follows. |
| to borrow | 借りるkariru |
| side | 側gawa |
| near; beside | 側soba 側 is usually written using kana alone as そば, and indicates proximity or nearness to something or someone, without specifying a particular side. 側 specifies a particular side or aspect of something. Often used with direction words to indicate specific sides, such as right, left, this side, that side, etc. |
| umbrella | 傘kasa |
| to work | 働くhataraku |
| gentle, tender, kind, friendly | 優しいyasasii |
| New Year's Day | 元日ganzitu |
| well; lively, vigorous; health | 元気genki |
| older brother plain | 兄ani |
| sibling | 兄弟kyoudai |
| previous, past, after; ahead | 先saki |
| tip, point | 先saki |
| the month before last | 先々月sensengetu |
| the week before last | 先々週sensensyuu |
| last month | 先月sengetu |
| teacher | 先生sensei |
| last week | 先週sensyuu |
| light | 光hikari |
| to shine; to glitter; to glow | 光るhikaru |
| to be contained in | 入って いるhaitte iru |
| to come in; to come into | 入って くるhaitte kuru |
| to enter | 入るhairu |
| entrance | 入り口iriguti |
| to insert | 入れるireru |
| hospitalization | 入院nyuuin |
| to be hospitalized | 入院するnyuuinsuru |
| all; everything; entire | 全てsubete |
| all; whole | 全部zenbu |
| 800 | 八百happyaku |
| 8,000 | 八千hassen |
| eight | 八hati |
| eighty thousand | 八万hatiman |
| 80 | 八十hatizyuu |
| August | 八月hatigatu |
| eight (objects) | 八つyattu |
| greengrocer | 八百屋yaoya |
| day eight; eight days | 八日youka |
| park | 公園kouen |
| day six; six days | 六日muika |
| six (objects) | 六つmuttu |
| six | 六roku |
| sixty thousand | 六万rokuman |
| 60 | 六十rokuzyuu |
| 6,000 | 六千rokusen |
| June | 六月rokugatu |
| 600 | 六百roppyaku |
| yen | 円en |
| the year after next | 再来年sarainen |
| the month after next | 再来月saraigetu |
| the week after next | 再来週saraisyuu |
| picture, photo | 写真syasin |
| winter | 冬huyu |
| refrigerator | 冷蔵庫reizouko |
| coldthing | 冷たいtumetai |
| to serve (food) | 出すdasu |
| to send; to submit | 出すdasu |
| to put out; to produce; to take out; to release | 出すdasu |
| to go out, to leave | 出かけるdekakeru 出かける is more specific than 出る, as it implies going out specifically for a purpose, such as shopping, dining or visiting someone. |
| to leave, to go out, to exit | 出るderu |
| to encounter; to meet (by chance) | 出会うdeau |
| exit | 出口deguti |
| to be made; to be built | 出来るdekiru Often written using hiragana only |
| sword | 刀katana |
| to be understood; to understand; to be known | 分かるwakaru |
| to divide; to share (by dividing) | 分けるwakeru |
| ticket | 切符kippu |
| postage stamp | 切手kitte |
| to disconnect; to hang up (the phone); to turn off (an appliance) | 切るkiru 切る is not used for turning off lights. For lights, use 消す instead. |
| to cut | 切るkiru |
| to run out | 切れるkireru |
| train | 列車ressya |
| beginning; start; first; initial | 初めhazime |
| for the first time; the first time | 初めてhazimete |
| separate, individual | 別々betubetu |
| arrival | 到着toutyaku |
| to arrive formal | 到着するtoutyakusuru |
| front; before | 前mae |
| power, strength | 力tikara |
| study | 勉強benkyou |
| to study | 勉強するbenkyousuru |
| animal | 動物doubutu |
| to move; to run used for a machine | 動くugoku |
| to work for; to be employed at; to serve | 勤めるtutomeru |
| smell; scent; odor | 匂いnioi |
| chemistry | 化学kagaku |
| north | 北kita |
| medical doctor | 医者isya |
| day ten; ten days | 十日tooka |
| ten | 十zyuu |
| November | 十 一月zyuu itigatu |
| December | 十 二月zyuu nigatu |
| day seventeen; seventeen days | 十七日zyuusitiniti |
| hundred thousand | 十万zyuuman |
| day fourteen; fourteen days | 十四日zyuuyokka |
| October | 十月zyuugatu |
| thousand | 千sen |
| a.m. | 午前gozen |
| afternoon; p.m. | 午後gogo |
| half | 半han |
| half | 半分hanbun |
| graduation | 卒業sotugyou |
| to graduate | 卒業するsotugyousuru |
| south | 南minami |
| dangerous | 危ないabunai |
| Watch out! | 危ない！abunai! |
| egg | 卵tamago |
| thick; generous; deep | 厚いatui |
| cause; reason | 原因genin |
| last year | 去年kyonen |
| participation | 参加sanka |
| to participate, to take part in | 参加するsankasuru |
| friend | 友だちtomodati |
| friend | 友達tomodati alternative spelling |
| friend | 友人yuuzin |
| to take | 取るtoru |
| to come off, to be removed | 取れるtoreru |
| to receive; to undergo; to take | 受けるukeru |
| mouth | 口kuti |
| old | 古いhurui |
| cute | 可愛いkawaii |
| kitchen | 台所daidokoro |
| typhoon | 台風taihuu |
| right | 右migi |
| to turn right | 右 に 曲がるmigi ni magaru |
| passing an exam or test | 合格goukaku |
| to pass an exam or test | 合格するgoukakusuru |
| same | 同じonazi |
| Nagoya | 名古屋nagoya |
| other side; over there, beyond | 向こうmukou |
| to smoke | 吸うsuu |
| to blow; to breathe out; to play (a wind instrument) | 吹くhuku |
| around | 周mawari |
| flavor; taste | 味azi |
| to tasteintransitive | 味 が するazi ga suru |
| to tastetransitive | 味 を 見るazi wo miru |
| to call; to invite; to summon | 呼ぶyobu |
| to bloom; to blossom | 咲くsaku |
| problem; question; issue | 問題mondai |
| café; coffee shop; tearoom | 喫茶店kissaten |
| to bite; to chew | 噛むkamu |
| fours | 四si |
| April | 四月sigatu |
| day four; four days | 四日yokka |
| forty thousand | 四万yonman |
| 40 | 四十yonzyuu |
| 4,000 | 四千yonsen |
| 400 | 四百yonhyaku |
| four (objects) | 四つyottu |
| four | 四yon |
| to be troubled; to have difficulty | 困るkomaru |
| library | 図書館tosyokan |
| country | 国kuni |
| Saturday | 土曜日doyoubi |
| basement; underground | 地下tika |
| subway | 地下鉄tikatetu |
| map | 地図tizu |
| geography | 地理tiri |
| hometown (area); local (area) | 地元zimoto |
| earthquake | 地震zisin |
| place; location; spot | 場所basyo |
| to paint; to plaster; to spread; to apply | 塗るnuru |
| salt | 塩sio |
| trash; garbage; rubbish | 塵gomi Usually written using katakana. |
| wall | 壁kabe |
| voice | 声koe |
| to sell | 売るuru |
| strange | 変hen |
| to change intransitive | 変るkawaru |
| to change transitive | 変えるkaeru |
| summer | 夏natu |
| summer vacation | 夏休みnatuyasumi |
| evening; dusk | 夕方yuugata Typically refers to the time period in the late afternoon to early evening, around sunset. |
| dinner; evening meal | 夕飯yuuhan |
| dinner | 夕食yuusyoku |
| foreign country | 外国gaikoku |
| foreigner | 外国人gaikokuzin |
| foreign language | 外国語gaikokugo |
| to remove; to take off; to detach; to unfasten | 外すhazusu |
| outside | 外soto |
| many, numerous | 多いooi |
| many; most | 多くooku |
| probably, perhaps | 多分tabun |
| night | 夜yoru 夜 represents the time from sunset to sunrise. 夜 thus includes the time while you're asleep, whereas 晩 does not. |
| dinner | 夜ご飯yorugohan |
| night sky | 夜空yozora |
| safe; alright, okay | 大丈夫daizyoubu |
| very popular | 大人気daininki |
| loved; very likeable | 大好きdaisuki |
| hated | 大嫌いdaikirai |
| university | 大学daigaku |
| university student | 大学生daigakusei |
| big, large | 大きいookii |
| size | 大きさookisa 大きさ is more general than サイズ. For shoes, clothes and other items that come in standardized sizes, it's more common to hear サイズ. |
| a crowd; a large number of people; many | 大勢oozei |
| adult | 大人otona |
| embassy | 大使館taisikan |
| very; greatly; terribly; extremely; awfully | 大変taihen |
| serious, terrible; difficult, hard, tough | 大変taihen |
| important; precious | 大切taisetu |
| ceiling | 天井tenzyou |
| weather | 天気tenki |
| fat | 太いhutoi |
| to gain weight; to become fat | 太るhutoru |
| (your own) husband | 夫otto |
| rudeness, impoliteness | 失礼siturei |
| Excuse me. | 失礼します。situreisimasu. |
| to be rude, to be impolite | 失礼するsitureisuru |
| (someone else's) wife | 奥さんokusan |
| woman | 女onna |
| woman | 女 の 人onna no hito |
| girl | 女 の 子onna no ko |
| woman, girl | 女子zyosi The term 女子 in Japanese refers to a girl or young woman, but the specific age range it covers can vary depending on the context. Generally, 女子 is used to refer to females from early childhood up to their late twenties. In schools, 女子学生 refers to female students of any age, from elementary through university. In sports and other activities, 女子 might be used to distinguish female participants, again without strict age limits. However, in more formal or official contexts, 女子 might be more closely associated with younger females, particularly those in the schooling age range up to young adulthood. |
| queen | 女王zyoou |
| to prefer; to be fond of | 好むkonomu |
| liked; likeable; loved; lovable | 好きsuki |
| younger sister | 妹(さん)imouto(san) |
| (your own) wife | 妻tuma |
| older sister plain | 姉ane |
| to begin, to start intransitive | 始まるhazimaru |
| to begin (something) | 始めるhazimeru |
| daughter | 娘musume |
| unpleasant; disagreeablei | 嫌(な)iya(na) |
| disliked; hated | 嫌いkirai |
| to hate, to detest | 嫌うkirau |
| child | 子ko |
| children | 子供達kodomotati |
| puppy | 子犬koinu |
| kitten | 子猫koneko |
| child | 子供kodomo |
| character; letter | 字zi |
| dictionary | 字引きzibiki |
| student | 学生gakusei |
| school | 学校gakkou |
| school library | 学校図書館gakkoutosyokan |
| to learn; to study | 学ぶmanabu Studying or learning broadly, often through self-study or academic pursuit. |
| safe | 安全anzen |
| peace of mind; relief | 安心ansin |
| to feel relieved | 安心するansinsuru |
| cheap | 安いyasui |
| restful, peaceful | 安らかyasuraka |
| house; home | 家ie |
| household, family, home | 家庭katei |
| family | 家族kazoku |
| family photo | 家族写真kazokusyasin |
| family trip | 家族旅行kazokuryokou |
| (your own) wife | 家内kanai This term is more old-fashioned and formal, and it's often used by older men when referring to their own wives, particularly in formal or public settings. It carries a more humble and traditional connotation. Note how the kanji in this word correspond to traditional gender roles. Therefore, younger people tend to prefer using the word 妻. |
| homework | 宿題syukudai |
| coldweather | 寒いsamui |
| to sleep; to lie down; to go to bed | 寝るneru |
| sushi | 寿司susi |
| sushi restaurant | 寿司屋susiya |
| envelope | 封筒huutou |
| future | 将来syourai |
| hut; cabin; shed | 小屋koya |
| light rain | 小雨kosame |
| elementary school | 小学校syougakkou |
| small | 小さいtiisai |
| a few; a little; scarce; insufficient | 少ないsukunai |
| a few; a little, a bit | 少しsukosi 少し is a bit more formal than ちょっと. |
| just a little | 少し だけsukosi dake |
| to wear; to put on (something on feet or legs) | 履くhaku |
| mountain | 山yama |
| Yamashitaname | 山下yamasita |
| Yamada surname | 山田yamada |
| goat | 山羊yagi |
| island | 島sima |
| island nation | 島国simaguni |
| river | 川kawa |
| left | 左hidari |
| to turn left | 左 に 曲がるhidari ni magaru |
| to give (humbly); to offer (humbly) | 差し上げるsasiageru |
| to hold up (an umbrella) | 差すsasu |
| to shine | 差すsasu |
| city | 市si 市 is a political term that designates a city as an administrative unit. It's equivalent to the English word city when used in the context of a municipality. |
| futon; traditional Japanese bedding | 布団huton A 布団 is a traditional Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet. It is designed to be placed directly on tatami flooring and can be easily folded and stored away during the day to save space. |
| to return | 帰るkaeru |
| hat | 帽子bousi |
| to (hang to) dry; to air | 干すhosu |
| year counter | 年nen |
| year; age | 年tosi |
| to be old; to have aged | 年 を 取って いるtosi wo totte iru |
| happy | 幸せsiawase |
| happiness | 幸せsiawase |
| wide; spacious | 広いhiroi |
| to spread; to stretchintransitive | 広がるhirogaru |
| Hiroshima | 広島hirosima |
| floor | 床yuka |
| to sit | 座るsuwaru |
| garden, yard | 庭niwa |
| corridor; hallway | 廊下rouka |
| building | 建物tatemono |
| to build; to construct | 建てるtateru |
| bow | 弓yumi |
| drawer | 引き出しhikidasi |
| to pull; to draw; to catch (a cold) | 引くhiku |
| younger brother | 弟(さん)otouto(san) |
| weak | 弱いyowai Refers to the lack of physical strength, durability, or robustness. It can also describe a low level of ability, influence, or intensity in non-physical contexts, such as a weak argument or being weak against cold temperatures. |
| strong wind | 強風kyouhuu |
| strong; powerful | 強いtuyoi |
| strongly | 強くtuyoku |
| to play a string instrumente.g. guitar, piano | 弾くhiku |
| she | 彼女kanozyo |
| girlfriend | 彼女kanozyo |
| they; them (female only) | 彼女たちkanozyotati |
| he | 彼kare |
| boyfriend | 彼kare |
| they; them | 彼らkarera |
| to wait | 待つmatu |
| after; afterward | 後ato |
| behind, back | 後ろusiro |
| heart; spirit, mind, soul | 心kokoro |
| necessary; necessity | 必要hituyou |
| definitely; necessarily; invariably | 必ずkanarazu 必ずexpresses a strong commitment or assurance that something will happen or is the case. It's often used to make promises or to express unwavering certainty. |
| to forget | 忘れるwasureru |
| busy | 忙しいisogasii |
| scary, frightening | 怖いkowai |
| to recall, to remember | 思い出すomoidasu |
| memories; recollections | 思い出omoide |
| to think; to believe | 思うomou |
| to hurry | 急ぐisogu |
| sudden; urgent | 急kyuu |
| something urgent; urgency | 急kyuu |
| suddenly; unexpectedly | 急 にkyuu ni |
| breath | 息iki |
| to breathe | 息 を するiki wo suru |
| son | 息子musuko |
| bad, evil | 悪いwarui |
| insult; slander, speaking ill | 悪口waruguti |
| meaning; sense; significance | 意味imi |
| opinion; view | 意見iken |
| love | 愛ai |
| war | 戦争sensou |
| Japanese style door | 戸to |
| place | 所tokoro |
| hands | 手te |
| to obtain; to procure; to get | 手 に 入れるte ni ireru |
| to help | 手伝うtetudau |
| handmade | 手作りtezukuri |
| letter | 手紙tegami |
| to pay | 払うharau |
| to push, to press | 押すosu |
| to take/bring something with you | 持って 来るmotte kuru Whether you say 持って 行く or 持って 来る depends on the perspective of the speaker. For movement away from the speaker, use 行く. For movement towards the speaker, use 来る. |
| to take/bring something with you | 持って 行くmotte iku |
| to carry; to hold; to take; to have | 持つmotu |
| to throw away; to discard | 捨てるsuteru |
| to sweep; to brush; to clean | 掃くhaku |
| cleaning; sweeping | 掃除souzi |
| to clean; to sweep | 掃除するsouzisuru |
| class; lesson; instruction | 授業zyugyou |
| to put on; to wear | 掛けるkakeru |
| to make a call | 掛けるkakeru |
| to hang; to suspend | 掛けるkakeru |
| portable; cellphone | 携帯keitai |
| mobile phone | 携帯電話keitaidenwa |
| to take a photo | 撮るtoru |
| politics; government | 政治seizi |
| politician | 政治家seizika |
| classroom | 教室kyousitu |
| to teach; to inform | 教えるosieru |
| walk, stroll | 散歩sanpo |
| to go for a walk; to stroll | 散歩するsanposuru |
| mathematics | 数学suugaku |
| culture | 文化bunka |
| sentence | 文章bunsyou |
| food, cuisine | 料理ryouri |
| to cook | 料理するryourisuru |
| cook | 料理人ryourinin |
| new | 新しいatarasii |
| New Year | 新年sinnen |
| Happy New Year! | 新年 おめでとう！sinnen omedetou! |
| newspaper | 新聞sinbun |
| direction, way; side | 方hou |
| had better; should | 方 が いいhou ga ii |
| person | 方kata |
| travel, traveling, trip, tour | 旅行ryokou |
| to travel | 旅行するryokousuru |
| travel, trip, journey | 旅tabi |
| sun | 日hi |
| day | 日hi |
| to get dark; to setthe sun | 日 が 暮れるhi ga kureru |
| sunlight | 日光nikkou |
| diary; journal | 日記nikki |
| Sunday | 日曜日nitiyoubi |
| Japan | 日本nihon |
| Japanese (person) | 日本人nihonzin |
| Japanese (language) | 日本語nihongo |
| sake | 日本酒nihonsyu |
| early; fast | 早いhayai |
| early; fast | 早くhayaku |
| bright; cheerful | 明るいakarui |
| the day after tomorrow | 明後日asatte |
| tomorrow | 明日asita |
| easy; plain; simple | 易しいyasasii |
| star | 星hosi |
| movie | 映画eiga |
| cinema | 映画館eigakan |
| spring, springtime | 春haru |
| yesterday | 昨日kinou |
| last night | 昨夜sakuya A more formal or literary term for last night compared to 昨夜. |
| last night | 昨夜yuube |
| noon; daytime | 昼hiru |
| lunch | 昼ご飯hirugohan |
| time | 時toki |
| sometimes; at times | 時々tokidoki |
| watch (time piece) | 時計tokei |
| era; period; age | 時代zidai |
| time | 時間zikan |
| evening | 晩ban 晩 represents the time from sunset to bedtime. |
| dinner | 晩ご飯bangohan 晩ご飯 is more commonly used than 夜ご飯. |
| clear weather; sunny weather | 晴れhare |
| to clear up; to be sunny | 晴れるhareru |
| spare time; day off; leisure | 暇hima |
| hotweather | 暑いatui |
| heat weather | 暑さatusa |
| warm | 暖かいatatakai 暖かい is a mild and comfortable warmth, and can be used for weather, for object that make you physically warm such as clothes and blankets, and also for things that make you metaphorically warm such as a song. |
| dark; gloomy | 暗いkurai |
| to come to an end | 暮れるkureru |
| cloudy weather; cloudiness | 曇りkumori |
| to get cloudy; to cloud up; to become gloomy | 曇るkumoru |
| day (of the week) | 曜日youbi |
| piece of music; song; tune; music | 曲kyoku |
| to be curved; to be bent | 曲がって いるmagatte iru |
| to bend; to turn | 曲がるmagaru |
| to write | 書くkaku |
| (official) document | 書類syorui |
| month of the year | 月gatu |
| Monday | 月曜日getuyoubi |
| moon; month | 月tuki |
| famous | 有名yuumei |
| clothes; outfit | 服huku |
| morning | 朝asa |
| breakfast | 朝ご飯asagohan |
| morning sun | 朝日asahi |
| breakfast | 朝食tyousyoku |
| tree; wood | 木ki |
| trees | 木々kigi |
| Thursday | 木曜日mokuyoubi |
| future | 未来mirai |
| book | 本hon |
| bookstore | 本屋honya |
| truth, right | 本当hontou |
| really, truly | 本当 にhontou ni |
| bookshelf | 本棚hondana |
| real thing | 本物honmono |
| desk | 机tukue |
| village | 村mura |
| to come | 来るkuru |
| next year | 来年rainen |
| next month | 来月raigetu |
| next week | 来週raisyuu |
| east | 東higasi |
| Tokyo | 東京toukyou |
| Tokyo City | 東京市toukyousi |
| forestmanmade | 林hayasi |
| counter for flat, thin objects | 枚mai |
| fruit | 果物kudamono |
| cherry tree | 桜sakura |
| shelf | 棚tana |
| forestnatural | 森mori |
| chair | 椅子isu |
| fun; enjoyable | 楽しいtanosii |
| looking forward to; being excited about | 楽しみtanosimi |
| exciting; much-anticipated | 楽しみtanosimi |
| enjoyment; pleasure | 楽しみtanosimi |
| to enjoy, to have a good time | 楽しむtanosimu |
| side; beside; alongside | 横yoko |
| horizontal | 横yoko |
| horizontal writing | 横書きyokogaki |
| Yokohama | 横浜yokohama |
| bridge | 橋hasi |
| next, following, coming | 次tugi |
| singer | 歌手kasyu |
| song | 歌uta |
| to sing | 歌うutau |
| to come to a halt, to stopintransitive | 止まるtomaru |
| to stop ... | 止めるtomeru |
| to stop | 止むyamu 止む is used when something stops on its own. It's often used for weather phenomena, such as rain or snow. 止まる is a broader term that can be used for any sort of cessation of movement or action. |
| correct; right | 正しいtadasii |
| to walk | 歩くaruku |
| tooth | 歯ha |
| death | 死si |
| to die | 死ぬsinu |
| dead body; corpse | 死体sitai |
| step; grade | 段dan |
| home country, homeland | 母国bokoku |
| mother plain | 母haha |
| Mother's Day | 母 の 日haha no hi |
| maternal side | 母方hahakata |
| mother | 母親hahaoya |
| every ~ | 毎mai |
| every year | 毎年mainen |
| every year | 毎年maitosi |
| every day | 毎日mainiti |
| every month | 毎月maituki |
| every morning | 毎朝maiasa |
| every week | 毎週maisyuu |
| every evening, every night | 毎晩maiban |
| mind, heart | 気ki |
| to take care; to be careful | 気 を 付けるki wo tukeru |
| feeling; mood | 気分kibun |
| feeling | 気持ちkimoti |
| (air) temperature; (atmospheric) temperature | 気温kion |
| water | 水mizu |
| swimsuit, bathing suit | 水着mizugi |
| light blue | 水色mizuiro |
| Wednesday | 水曜日suiyoubi |
| water buffalo | 水牛suigyuu |
| dirty | 汚いkitanai |
| pond | 池ike |
| to be decided | 決まるkimaru |
| to decide | 決めるkimeru |
| steam train | 汽車kisya |
| many, much, a lot | 沢山takusan Alternative way to write たくさん |
| thief; burglar | 泥棒dorobou |
| order | 注文tyuumon |
| to order | 注文するtyuumonsuru |
| swimming | 泳ぎoyogi |
| to swim | 泳ぐoyogu |
| (Western-style) clothes | 洋服youhuku |
| to wash | 洗うarau |
| laundry; washing | 洗濯sentaku |
| to do laundry; to wash clothes | 洗濯するsentakusuru |
| laundry; things to wash | 洗濯物sentakumono |
| to take (a bath or shower); to bask (in the sunlight) | 浴びるabiru |
| overseas, abroad, foreign | 海外kaigai |
| overseas trip; travel abroad | 海外旅行kaigairyokou |
| to travel abroad | 海外旅行 を するkaigairyokou wo suru |
| sea, ocean | 海umi |
| to erase; to extinguish; to turn off, to switch off | 消すkesu |
| to disappear; to vanish; to go out; to be extinguished | 消えるkieru |
| refreshing; cool | 涼しいsuzusii |
| to hand over; to pass | 渡すwatasu |
| to cross over | 渡るwataru |
| (pleasantly) warm (object, food, emotion) | 温かいatatakai |
| lukewarm | 温いnurui |
| temperature | 温度ondo |
| lake | 湖mizuumi |
| Chinese character | 漢字kanzi |
| fire | 火hi |
| to light; to ignite | 火 を つけるhi wo tukeru |
| (unintended and destructive) fire | 火事kazi |
| volcano | 火山kazan |
| Tuesday | 火曜日kayoubi |
| ash; ashes | 灰hai |
| ashtray | 灰皿haizara |
| gray | 灰色haiiro |
| free (of charge) | 無料muryou |
| to lose something | 無くすnakusu |
| hotthing | 熱いatui |
| heat | 熱netu |
| father plain | 父titi |
| Father's Day | 父 の 日titi no hi |
| paternal side | 父方titikata |
| father | 父親titioya |
| (cow's) milk | 牛乳gyuunyuu |
| beef | 牛肉gyuuniku |
| cow | 牛usi |
| (concrete) thing | 物mono |
| tale, story | 物語monogatari |
| special; extraordinary | 特別tokubetu |
| dog | 犬inu |
| situation | 状況zyoukyou |
| narrow; small | 狭いsemai |
| cat | 猫neko |
| entrance | 玄関genkan |
| ball | 玉tama |
| onion | 玉ねぎtamanegi |
| king | 王ou |
| bottle; jar | 瓶bin |
| sweet | 甘いamai |
| to take lightly; to underestimate | 甘く 見るamaku miru |
| raw; fresh | 生nama |
| draft beer | 生 ビールnama biiru |
| student; pupil | 生徒seito |
| to be born | 生まれるumareru |
| countryside; (rural area) | 田舎inaka |
| Tanaka surname | 田中tanaka |
| to say (humbly); to offer (words) (humbly) | 申し上げるmousiageru |
| man | 男otoko |
| boy | 男 の 子otoko no ko |
| town | 町mati |
| painter | 画家gaka |
| international student; foreign exchange student | 留学生ryuugakusei |
| number | 番号bangou |
| to be tired | 疲れて いるtukarete iru |
| to tire | 疲れるtukareru |
| sickness, illness, disease | 病気byouki |
| hospital | 病院byouin |
| painful, sore | 痛いitai |
| to hurt, to ache | 痛むitamu |
| to hurt; to injure; to straintransitive | 痛めるitameru |
| announcement; presentation; publication | 発表happyou |
| to announce; to present; to publish | 発表するhappyousuru |
| to climb | 登るnoboru |
| whitenoun | 白siro |
| whiteadjective | 白いsiroi |
| black and white | 白黒sirokuro |
| 100 | 百hyaku |
| million | 百万hyakuman |
| everyone; everybody | 皆minna Often written using hiragana instead of kanji. Can also refer to things instead of people, but 全部 is more common in that case. |
| skin; peel; bark | 皮kawa |
| washing-up, dish-washing | 皿洗いsaraarai |
| to steal | 盗むnusumu |
| eye | 目me |
| immediately; right away | 直ぐ にsugu ni |
| glasses | 眼鏡megane |
| to wearon upper body | 着るkiru |
| traditional Japanese dress | 着物kimono |
| to arrive, to reach | 着くtuku |
| to know | 知るsiru |
| short (in length) | 短いmizikai |
| soap | 石鹸sekken |
| sugar | 砂糖satou |
| sand | 砂suna |
| sure, certain; reliable | 確かtasika |
| surely; certainly; indeed | 確か にtasika ni Where きっと expresses a strong belief or confidence that something will happen or is the case, 確か に often additionally implies that the speaker has evidence or reasoning to support the certainty, or has personally verified the fact. |
| to polish; to grind; to brush (teeth) | 磨くmigaku |
| company president; manager; director | 社長syatyou The 社長 is the highest-ranking executive in a company. The 社長 is responsible for the overall management and direction of the company. This role is equivalent to the President or CEO in Western companies. |
| grandmother | 祖母sobo 祖母 is a formal alternative for grandmother. You might encounter this word in written contexts or official documents. In most contexts it's advised to use お婆さん instead, as it sounds more friendly and respectful. |
| grandfather | 祖父sohu 祖父 is a formal alternative for grandfather. You might encounter this word in written contexts or official documents. In most contexts it's advised to use お祖父さん instead, as it sounds more friendly and respectful. |
| I | 私watasi |
| we | 私たちwatasitati |
| autumn, fall | 秋aki |
| type, kind | 種類syurui |
| karate | 空手karate |
| air | 空気kuuki |
| sky; air | 空sora |
| to get empty | 空くsuku |
| window | 窓mado |
| (service) counter | 窓口madoguti |
| by the window | 窓辺madobe |
| splendid; magnificent; fine; admirable | 立派rippa |
| to start up, to boot up; to launch | 立ち上げるtatiageru |
| to stand; to stand up | 立つtatu |
| answer | 答えkotae |
| to answer, to reply | 答えるkotaeru |
| box | 箱hako |
| chopsticks | 箸hasi |
| easy, simple | 簡単kantan |
| riceuncooked | 米kome |
| United States | 米国beikoku |
| thread | 糸ito |
| black tea | 紅茶koutya |
| paper | 紙kami |
| thin, slender, slim; narrow | 細いhosoi Primarily used to describe the thinness in diameter or width of something long and narrow, like a thread, hair, or a road. It can also describe slender physical features. |
| to finish (something), to end (something) | 終えるoeru |
| end | 終わりowari |
| to finish; to endintransitive | 終わるowaru |
| experience | 経験keiken |
| to experience | 経験するkeikensuru |
| marriage | 結婚kekkon |
| to marry | 結婚するkekkonsuru |
| splendid; nice; sufficient; no thank you; that's fine | 結構kekkou |
| picture; drawing; painting; sketch | 絵e |
| painting | 絵画kaiga |
| green | 緑midori |
| practice; training | 練習rensyuu |
| to practice; to train | 練習するrensyuusuru |
| vertical; lengthwise | 縦tate |
| vertical writing | 縦書きtategaki |
| to put, to place; to leave | 置くoku |
| sheep | 羊hituzi |
| beautiful woman | 美人bizin |
| delicious | 美味しいoisii Alternative way to write おいしい |
| beautiful | 美しいutukusii |
| learn | 習うnarau Learning through practice and repetition, often with a teacher or in a formal setting. |
| to think about; to ponder; to consider | 考えるkangaeru |
| ear | 耳mimi |
| to listen; to hear | 聞くkiku |
| to ask | 聞くkiku |
| to be audible; to be able to hear | 聞こえるkikoeru |
| meat | 肉niku |
| stature; height | 背se |
| to be short | 背 が 低いse ga hikui |
| to be tall | 背 が 高いse ga takai |
| back (of the body) | 背中senaka |
| business suit | 背広sebiro |
| to take off; to remove clothing | 脱ぐnugu |
| oneself | 自分zibun |
| by himself; by herself | 自分 でzibun de |
| car; automobile | 自動車zidousya |
| bicycle | 自転車zitensya |
| to dance; to flutter | 舞うmau 舞う primarily means to flutter, to swirl, or to dance in a graceful, often floating manner. It conveys a sense of elegance, lightness, and sometimes a more traditional or poetic quality. It is frequently used in the context of nature, such as leaves fluttering in the wind, snowflakes falling gently, or birds dancing in the air. When referring to human dancing, 舞う often implies a more traditional or ritualistic dance, such as those found in classical Japanese arts like Noh or Kabuki. |
| good | 良いii alternative spelling |
| color | 色iro |
| various | 色々iroiro Alternative spelling of いろいろ. |
| flower | 花hana |
| flowers | 花々hanabana |
| fireworks | 花火hanabi |
| vase | 花瓶kabin |
| young | 若いwakai |
| bitter | 苦いnigai |
| English (language) | 英語eigo |
| United Kingdom; England | 英国eikoku |
| tea bowl; rice bowl | 茶碗tyawan |
| brown | 茶色tyairo |
| brown | 茶色いtyairoi |
| grass | 草kusa |
| patch of (typically long and dense) grass | 草むらkusamura |
| herbivore | 草食sousyoku |
| baggage, luggage | 荷物nimotu |
| package | 荷物nimotu |
| to fall; to drop | 落ちるotiru |
| to fail (for example an exam) | 落ちるotiru |
| leaf | 葉ha |
| postcard | 葉書hagaki |
| thin; light; weak | 薄いusui Used to describe the physical thinness of something flat (like paper or cloth), the lightness of color or taste, or the diluteness of a liquid. It can also imply something is superficial or not profound. |
| medicine | 薬kusuri |
| insect | 虫musi |
| blood | 血ti |
| to go | 行くiku |
| to praise; to compliment | 褒めるhomeru |
| west | 西nisi |
| watermelon | 西瓜suika |
| to need; to want | 要るiru |
| to go to see; to visit | 見 に 行くmi ni iku |
| to be visible; to be able to see | 見えるmieru |
| to show; to display | 見せるmiseru |
| to find; to discover | 見つけるmitukeru |
| to see; to look at; to watch | 見るmiru |
| rule; regulation | 規則kisoku |
| to remember; to memorize | 覚えるoboeru |
| parent(s) | 親oya |
| close friend; best friend | 親友sinyuu |
| kind; kindness | 親切sinsetu |
| corner | 角kado |
| to touch; to feel | 触るsawaru |
| language | 言語gengo |
| to say | 言うiu |
| word; language | 言葉kotoba |
| plan | 計画keikaku 計画 refers to a plan, project, or scheme that involves detailed planning and preparation. It often implies a more structured and strategic approach. |
| to visit | 訪ねるtazuneru |
| exam; test | 試験siken |
| boring | 詰まらないtumaranai Usually written using only hiragana. |
| story; talk | 話hanasi |
| to speak | 話すhanasu |
| Happy birthday! | 誕生日 おめでとう！tanzyoubi omedetou! |
| reading | 読書dokusyo |
| to read | 読むyomu |
| who | 誰dare |
| no one; nobody | 誰 もdare mo |
| someone; somebody | 誰かdareka |
| section chief | 課長katyou The 課長 is responsible for managing a specific section or team within a department. This role involves overseeing the daily operations of the team, guiding staff, and ensuring that the team's objectives align with the department’s overall strategy. |
| police officer | 警官keikan |
| bean; pea; legume | 豆mame |
| bean soup | 豆 の スープmame no suupu |
| pig | 豚buta |
| pork | 豚肉butaniku |
| shellfish; shell | 貝kai |
| wallet | 財布saihu |
| to get; to receive; to take; to have (as in taking) | 貰うmorau Usually written without kanji. |
| shopping | 買い物kaimono |
| to buy | 買うkau |
| to lend | 貸すkasu |
| to paste; to stick; to affix | 貼るharu |
| lively, bustling | 賑やかnigiyaka |
| question | 質問situmon |
| to ask a question | 質問するsitumonsuru |
| red | 赤aka |
| red | 赤いakai |
| baby, infant | 赤ちゃんakatyan |
| to run | 走るhasiru |
| to get up; to wake up | 起きるokiru |
| to wake someone up | 起こすokosu |
| to cause | 起こすokosu |
| to occur; to happen | 起こるokoru |
| hobby | 趣味syumi |
| foot; leg | 足asi |
| to be sufficient, to be enough | 足りるtariru |
| dance; dancing | 踊りodori |
| to dance | 踊るodoru |
| car | 車kuruma |
| light, (not heavy) | 軽いkarui |
| spicy; painful; harsh; hard | 辛いkarai |
| to stop (an activity); to give up; to quit | 辞めるyameru Alternative spelling of やめる |
| dictionary | 辞書zisyo |
| area | 辺hen |
| near | 近いtikai |
| neighborhood, vicinity | 近くtikaku |
| to return (something); to give back | 返すkaesu |
| to send | 送るokuru |
| to escort; to see off | 送るokuru |
| to commute, to go (somewhere regularly) | 通うkayou |
| street; avenue | 通りtoori |
| fast | 速いhayai While both 速い and 早い can mean fast, when referring purely to speed and not also implying earliness, it's more common to use 速い. |
| fast | 速くhayaku |
| speed | 速さhayasa |
| week | 週syuu |
| weekend | 週末syuumatu |
| to be late; to be delayed; to be overdue | 遅れるokureru |
| late; slow | 遅いosoi |
| late | 遅くosoku |
| to play (a game) | 遊ぶasobu |
| game; playing | 遊びasobi |
| to carry; to transport | 運ぶhakobu |
| exercise; movement | 運動undou |
| to exercise; to move | 運動するundousuru |
| driving; operation (of a machine) | 運転unten |
| to drive; to operate (a machine) | 運転するuntensuru |
| to exceed; to pass | 過ぎるsugiru |
| road, street, way | 道miti |
| to ask for directions | 道 を 聞くmiti wo kiku |
| difference | 違いtigai |
| to differ; to be wrong | 違うtigau |
| far, distant | 遠いtooi |
| far; distant; far away | 遠くtooku |
| obstacle; hindrance | 邪魔zyama |
| to disturb; to interrupt | 邪魔するzyamasuru |
| department manager | 部長butyou A 部長 is responsible for overseeing an entire department within the company. This position typically involves managing multiple sections or teams within the department and making strategic decisions that align with the company’s broader goals. A 部長 ranks above a 課長. |
| room | 部屋heya |
| mail; postal service | 郵便yuubin |
| post office | 郵便局yuubinkyoku |
| capital | 都miyako |
| city; (urban area) | 都会tokai |
| city | 都市tosi 都市 is more generic than 市 and refers to the concept of a city as a populated and developed area. It doesn't necessarily imply a political or administrative boundary like 市 does. The term 都市 is more comparable to the English use of urban area or metropolis. |
| city center | 都心tosin |
| soy sauce | 醤油syouyu |
| village; hometown | 里sato |
| heavy | 重いomoi |
| important; significant | 重要zyuuyou |
| vegetable | 野菜yasai |
| gold | 金kin |
| Friday | 金曜日kinyoubi |
| iron | 鉄tetu |
| pencil | 鉛筆enpitu |
| silver | 銀gin |
| bank | 銀行ginkou |
| key | 鍵kagi |
| long | 長いnagai |
| length | 長さnagasa |
| gate | 門mon |
| to closeintransitive | 閉まるsimaru |
| to closetransitive | 閉めるsimeru |
| to openintransitive | 開くaku |
| to opentransitive | 開けるakeru |
| start, beginning | 開始kaisi |
| to start, to begin | 開始するkaisisuru |
| between | 間aida |
| period (of time) | 間aida |
| to be in time (for); to catch (e.g. a train) | 間に合うmaniau |
| to be involved in; to affect; to concern | 関わるkakawaru |
| to fall (from the sky) | 降るhuru |
| to get off; to disembark; to dismount | 降りるoriru |
| stairs | 階段kaidan |
| next to | 隣tonari |
| to gather; to come together; to assemble | 集まるatumaru |
| to gather (something); to collect (something); to assemble (something) | 集めるatumeru |
| magazine | 雑誌zassi |
| difficult; hard | 難しいmuzukasii |
| rain | 雨ame |
| snow | 雪yuki |
| cloud | 雲kumo |
| zero | 零rei |
| thunder; thunderbolt | 雷kaminari |
| electricity; electric light | 電気denki |
| battery | 電池denti |
| telephone | 電話denwa |
| to call, to telephone | 電話するdenwasuru |
| phone number | 電話番号denwabangou |
| electric train | 電車densya |
| blue | 青ao |
| bluealso green for traffic lights | 青いaoi |
| quiet | 静かsizuka |
| interesting; amusing | 面白いomosiroi |
| shoes | 靴kutu |
| sock | 靴下kutusita |
| bag | 鞄kaban This is a general term for a bag, often referring to various kinds of handbags, school bags, or briefcases. It is more traditional and may be used more commonly in daily conversations than バッグ. |
| music | 音楽ongaku |
| sound | 音oto |
| Bon appétit. (Thank you for the meal) | 頂きます。itadakimasu. Literally: I humbly receive |
| to receive (humbly) | 頂くitadaku |
| approximate time (but still pretty specific) | 頃goro |
| approximate time (but not in a very narrow window of time) | 頃koro |
| head | 頭atama |
| intelligent, smart | 頭 が いいatama ga ii |
| headache | 頭痛zutuu |
| to have a headache | 頭痛 が するzutuu ga suru |
| to ask for ...; to order | 頼むtanomu |
| face | 顔kao |
| wind | 風kaze |
| cold; flu | 風邪kaze |
| to catch a cold | 風邪 を 引くkaze wo hiku |
| airplane | 飛行機hikouki |
| to fly | 飛ぶtobu |
| meal | 食事syokuzi |
| dining hall; cafeteria | 食堂syokudou |
| to eat | 食べるtaberu |
| food | 食べ物tabemono |
| drink, beverage | 飲み物nomimono |
| to drink | 飲むnomu |
| (hard) candy | 飴ame |
| neck | 首kubi |
| horse | 馬uma |
| feast | 馳走tisou |
| station | 駅eki |
| high school | 高校koukou |
| expensive; high, tall | 高いtakai |
| to rise; to increase | 高まるtakamaru |
| fish | 魚sakana |
| bird | 鳥tori |
| to chirp; to cry; to sing; to meow; to bark; (animal making sound) | 鳴くnaku |
| to sound; to ring | 鳴るnaru |
| chicken | 鶏niwatori |
| chicken (meat) | 鶏肉toriniku |
| deer | 鹿sika Also written using katakana. |
| yellow | 黄色kiiro |
| yellow | 黄色いkiiroi |
| black | 黒kuro |
| black | 黒いkuroi |
| nose | 鼻hana |