Japanese

<p>
	We've already learned how to modify nouns using adjectives.
	In this lesson we'll learn how to use entire phrases called <strong>subordinate clauses</strong> to modify nouns.
	<strong>Clauses</strong> are the smallest grammatical units that can represent a <strong>proposition</strong>,
	which are phrases that can be either true or false.
</p>

<p>
	Disregarding the technical definition, clauses are phrases that look like sentences,
	and <strong>subordinate</strong> clauses are clauses that cannot stand alone as a sentence,
	but are part of another sentence.
</p>

<p>
	A noun can be modified by placing a subordinate clause ending with a verb in <strong>the plain</strong> form in front of it.
</p>

<table class="ui celled table">
    <tbody>
        <tr data-item="218970"></tr>
		<tr data-item="218985"></tr>
		<tr data-item="218982"></tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>
	Note that it's possible for the noun that is modified to be the object instead of the subject in the <strong>subordinate clause</strong>.
	In the third sentence above, the car is not the subject that is selling, but the object being sold.
	Syntactically this sentence could also mean <strong>The car that didn't sell was expensive</strong>,
	but we know from the context that this is not what is meant.
</p>

<p>
	As you can see in the table below, nouns can also be modified by subordinate clauses that end in adjectives.
</p>

<table class="ui celled table">
    <tbody>
		<tr data-item="218997"></tr>
		<tr data-item="219003"></tr>
        <tr data-item="218996"></tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>
	Note in the last sentence, that when we want to use an adjective together with the verb <strong>なる</strong>,
	we must turn the adjective into an adverb.
</p>

Qualifying nouns with subordinate clauses

hiragana character

kanji

adnominal

adverb

auxiliary

conjunction

compound

i-adjective

interjection

noun

na-adjective

numeral

particle

case particle

conjunctive particle

discourse particle

prefix

pronoun

suffix

verb

sentence

hiragana writing

kanji writing

kanji component

reading vocabulary

katakana writing

katakana character

godan - group 1

itidan - group 2

group 3

transitive

intransitive

proper noun

discourse

phrase

expression

Word	紅こう茶ちゃ koutya
Meaning	black tea
Part of speech	noun
Pronunciation

茶	tea
紅	crimson

Japanese

koutya

Breakdown of koutya

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Usages of koutya

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