Note
都市 is more generic than 市 and refers to the concept of a city as a populated and developed area. It doesn't necessarily imply a political or administrative boundary like 市 does. The term 都市 is more comparable to the English use of urban area or metropolis.
Breakdown of tosi
city
市
metropolis
都
If someone is surrounded by walls no matter whether they're inside or outside, they must be in a metropolis.
Usages of tosi
その 都市 の 人口 は 百万人 です。sono tosi no zinkou ha hyakumannin desu.
That city has a population of 1 million.
人口 が 少ない 都市zinkou ga sukunai tosi
a city with a small population
人口 が 少ない 都市 に 住みたい です。zinkou ga sukunai tosi ni sumitai desu.
I want to live in a city with a small population.
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