Hardcore Latin - Lesson 23

Question	Answer
the female gardener	hortulana
to sow	serere
the seed	semen
the soil	terra
The female gardener comes in the morning to sow, and she places small seeds in good soil.	Hortulana mane venit ad serendum, et parva semina in terra bona ponit.
the furrow	sulcus
The female gardener places seeds in the furrow.	Hortulana semina in sulco ponit.
to grow	crescere
Seeds grow in good soil.	Semina in terra bona crescunt.
the root	radix
After a few days the seeds are already growing in the furrow, but the roots are still small.	Post paucos dies semina in sulco iam crescunt, sed radices adhuc parvae sunt.
the branch	ramus
to seek	quaerere
The female student looks for a mistake in the book, so that she may correct it quickly.	Discipula in codice mendum quaerit, ut id cito corrigat.
Grandmother says that roots seek water, but branches seek the sun.	Avia dicit radices aquam petere, sed ramos solem quaerere.
broken	fractus
The boy picks up a broken branch, but grandfather praises another green branch.	Puer ramum fractum tollit, sed avus alium ramum viridem laudat.
the vineyard	vinea
the grape	uva
them	eas
The female servant finds old letters in the chest and hands them to the mistress.	Serva epistulas veteres in cista invenit et eas dominae tradit.
ripe	maturus
about to be	futurus
The doctor says that the boy will soon be healthy.	Medicus dicit puerum mox sanum futurum esse.
In the vineyard the grapes are still green, but mother says that they will soon be ripe.	In vinea uvae adhuc virides sunt, sed mater dicit eas mox maturas futuras esse.
to be gathered	colligendus
When the grapes are ripe, the girls will come into the vineyard to gather grapes.	Cum uvae maturae erunt, puellae ad colligendas uvas in vineam venient.
to dig	fodere
The female gardener digs the ground near the vineyard so that the seeds may grow.	Hortulana terram prope vineam fodit, ut semina crescant.
The female gardener shows the boys how they ought to sow seeds and dig the ground slowly.	Hortulana pueris ostendit quomodo semina serere et terram lente fodere debeant.
the broom	scopa
to sweep	verrere
the mud	lutum
After the rain the female servant takes a broom to sweep the atrium, because leaves and mud lie before the door.	Post pluviam serva scopam capit ad verrendum atrium, quia folia et lutum ante ianuam iacent.
the dust	pulvis
to rise	surgere
Tomorrow morning you must get up, because you must come to school.	Cras mane tibi surgere necesse est, quia ad scholam venire debes.
itself	ipse
The queen herself greets the guests.	Regina ipsa convivas salutat.
While the female servant sweeps the atrium, dust does not rise, but the broom itself becomes dirty with mud.	Dum serva atrium verrit, pulvis non surgit, sed scopa ipsa luto sordida fit.
onto	in
Mother opens the window, but dust falls from the wall onto the table.	Mater fenestram aperit, sed pulvis de pariete in mensam cadit.
the hammer	malleus
the nail	clavus
for	ad
to be repaired	reficiendus
to damage	laedere
The timid boy does not want to touch the fire, because he fears hurting himself.	Puer timidus ignem tangere non vult, quia se laedere timet.
The craftsman carries a hammer and nails to repair the roof, because the wind had damaged the roof.	Faber malleum et clavos ad reficiendum tectum portat, quia ventus tectum laeserat.
to fasten	figere
strong	firmus
Father says that the roof is strong.	Pater dicit tectum firmum esse.
The servant fastens the nails, and the craftsman makes the roof strong with a hammer.	Servus clavos figit, et faber malleo tectum firmum facit.
the drop	stilla
Father says that the broken window must be repaired at once, so that drops of rain may not fall inside.	Pater dicit fenestram fractam statim reficiendam esse, ne stillae pluviae intus cadant.
to repair	reficere
The craftsman repairs the window so that the rain does not fall inside.	Faber fenestram reficit, ne pluvia intus cadat.
If the craftsman repairs the roof today, the family will sleep without fear tonight.	Si faber hodie tectum reficit, familia hac nocte sine timore dormiet.
After the storm much mud remains in the street, and the boys cannot play outside the house.	Post tempestatem multum lutum in vico manet, et pueri extra domum ludere non possunt.
to dry	siccare
After the rain the female servant dries the table with a wet cloth.	Post pluviam serva mensam panno humido siccat.
The sun finally shines, and mother says that the mud is drying quickly.	Sol tandem lucet, et mater dicit lutum cito siccari.
to be dried	siccandus
After the rain the table must be dried, because drops of water remain on the table.	Post pluviam mensa siccanda est, quia stillae aquae in mensa manent.
The female servant takes a cloth to dry the table, because drops of water remain on the table.	Serva pannum ad mensam siccandam capit, quia stillae aquae in mensa manent.
the crack	rima
After the drops stopped falling, the girl sees a small crack in the roof.	Postquam stillae desierunt cadere, puella rimam parvam in tecto videt.
about to close	clausurus
The doorkeeper says that he will soon close the city gate, because the night is dark.	Ianitor dicit se portam urbis mox clausurum esse, quia nox obscura est.
The craftsman promises that he will close the crack tomorrow, if he has enough nails.	Faber promittit se rimam cras clausurum esse, si satis clavorum habebit.
Grandfather says that the female gardener works hard, just as the craftsman works hard.	Avus dicit hortulanam multum laborare, sicut faber multum laborat.
to remove	tollere
The female servant takes the ring out of the chest and hands it to the wife.	Serva annulum e cista tollit et uxori tradit.
The female student writes that she has learned at grandmother’s house how she ought to remove a broken branch and preserve the roots.	Discipula scribit se apud aviam didicisse quomodo ramum fractum tollere et radices servare debeat.
the midday	meridies
When midday comes, the servants sit in the shade and drink water.	Cum meridies venit, servi sub umbra sedent et aquam bibunt.
In the afternoon the girls want to come again to gather grapes, but mother says that the grapes are not yet ripe.	Post meridiem puellae ad colligendas uvas iterum venire volunt, sed mater dicit uvas nondum maturas esse.
to be bought	emendus
Mother says that bread must be bought, because there is nothing in the house.	Mater dicit panem emendum esse, quia nihil in domo est.
Mother says that a new broom must be bought, because the old broom is too short.	Mater dicit scopam novam emendam esse, quia vetus scopa nimis brevis est.
The female servant answers that she is already tired from dust and mud, but remains ready for sweeping.	Serva respondet se pulvere et luto iam fessam esse, sed ad verrendum paratam manere.
badly	male
The doctor says that the boy sleeps badly.	Medica dicit puerum male dormire.
The boy wants to hold the hammer, but father warns him not to fasten the nails badly.	Puer malleum tenere vult, sed pater eum monet ne clavos male figat.
someone	quis
Who is standing before the door?	Quis ante ianuam stat?
living	vivus
to break	frangere
The gardener warns the boy not to break a living branch.	Hortulana puerum monet ne ramum vivum frangat.
the reason	causa
The emperor sends a message for the sake of peace.	Imperator pacis causa nuntium mittit.
If someone breaks a living branch, the female gardener does not show anger, but asks the reason.	Si quis ramum vivum frangit, hortulana iram non ostendit, sed causam rogat.
repaired	refectus
The repaired roof is now strong.	Tectum refectum nunc firmum est.
When the roof and the window have been repaired, no drops will fall through the crack.	Cum tectum et fenestra refecta erunt, nullae stillae per rimam cadent.
In the evening everyone is happy, because the vineyard, the atrium, and the roof are now better.	Vespere omnes laetae et laeti sunt, quia vinea, atrium, et tectum nunc meliora sunt.

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