Usages of iam
Post brevem diem in schola corpus discipuli iam laborare non vult, sed mens eius laeta manet.
After a short day at school the student's body no longer wants to work, but his mind remains happy.
Puer timidus numquam iam sine matre dormit, sed semper matrem vocat.
The timid boy no longer ever sleeps without his mother, but he always calls his mother.
Tertia hora discipuli iam fessi sunt, sed magister adhuc docet.
At the third hour the students are already tired, but the teacher is still teaching.
Tertia hora puer aegrotus iam dormit, et medicus de cura eius cum matre loquitur.
At the third hour the sick boy is already sleeping, and the doctor talks with the mother about his care.
Puer dicit: "Ego quoque aviam iuvare debeo, quamquam iam fessa est."
The boy says: "I also ought to help grandmother, although she is already tired."
Caupo respondet se pretium minuere non posse, quia amphora vini iam vacua est.
The innkeeper answers that he cannot lower the price, because the jar of wine is already empty.
Pater rogat utrum sal in domo iam sit an sal adhuc desit.
Father asks whether there is already salt in the house or whether salt is still lacking.
Mihi hodie una pagina scribenda est, sed manus iam fessa est.
Today one page must be written by me, but my hand is already tired.
Discipuli gaudent, cum finis horae venit et initium prandii iam prope est.
The students rejoice when the end of the hour comes and the beginning of lunch is already near.
Deinde familia domum redibit, ubi convivae iam ante ianuam exspectabunt.
Then the family will return home, where the guests will already be waiting before the door.
Post paucos dies semina in sulco iam crescunt, sed radices adhuc parvae sunt.
After a few days the seeds are already growing in the furrow, but the roots are still small.
Serva respondet se pulvere et luto iam fessam esse, sed ad verrendum paratam manere.
The female servant answers that she is already tired from dust and mud, but remains ready for sweeping.
Mater dicit se odorem fumi sentire et dubitat num coquus iam ignem paraverit.
Mother says that she smells smoke and doubts whether the cook has already prepared the fire.
Mater dicit holera cruda esse, sed gallinam iam in culina parari.
Mother says that the vegetables are raw, but that the hen is already being prepared in the kitchen.
Cur tam diu ante ianuam moramini, cum cena iam parata sit?
Why are you (plural) lingering so long before the door, when dinner is already ready?
Puer rogat utrum melius sit aquam an lac cum farina miscere, sed coquus respondet se iam satis scire.
The boy asks whether it is better to mix water or milk with the flour, but the cook answers that he already knows enough.
Mater filio nuntiat cenam iam paratam esse.
Mother announces to her son that dinner is already prepared.
Duae discipulae iam adsunt, sed ceterae adhuc absunt.
Two female students are already here, but the others are still absent.
Puer domi manere cogitur, quia ventus frigidus est et nox iam venit.
The boy is forced to stay at home, because the wind is cold and night is already coming.
Rea veniam petit et dicit se iam mendacii paenitere.
The female accused asks for pardon and says that she already regrets the lie.
Frater sorori dicit: “Quid agamus? Tempus est breve et mater iam redire vult.”
The brother says to his sister: “What should we do? The time is short and mother already wants to return.”
Post lectionem magistra discipulos ad forum ducit, ubi contio magna iam ante rostra convenit.
After the lesson the teacher leads the students to the forum, where a large assembly is already gathering before the rostra.
Quamquam fuga hostium iam incipit, dux milites monet ne sine ordine procedant.
Although the enemy’s flight is already beginning, the general warns the soldiers not to advance without order.
Magistra respondet se idem consilium iam proposuisse, sed discipulos antea paratos non fuisse.
The teacher replies that she had already proposed the same plan, but that the students had not been ready before.
Cum sol iam occidisset, omnes e ripa domum redierunt; navicula autem ad ripam quieta manebat.
When the sun had already set, everyone returned home from the riverbank; the little boat, however, remained quiet by the riverbank.
Opinor propinquos nostros iam focum parare et hospitium calidum habere.
I think that our relatives are already preparing a hearth and have warm lodging.
In media via pater ait unum e iumentis iam non ambulare velle; altera mula enim aquam petit.
In the middle of the road father says that one of the draft animals no longer wants to walk; for the other mule is asking for water.
Socrus rogat utrum socer iam libum gustaverit an adhuc exspectet.
The mother-in-law asks whether the father-in-law has already tasted the cake or is still waiting.
Avia saepe memorat se, cum iuvenis esset, has historias legere solitam esse; ego autem recordor me illam fabulam iam audivisse.
Grandmother often says that, when she was young, she used to read these stories; I, however, remember that I have already heard that story.
Mater gaudet, quod filia iam melius valet.
Mother rejoices because her daughter is already feeling better.
“‘In’ praepositio est; interdum accusativum habet, interdum ablativum, ut iam scitis,” dicit magistra.
“‘In’ is a preposition; sometimes it takes the accusative, sometimes the ablative, as you already know,” says the teacher.
Marcus respondet hoc participium ad tempus praeteritum pertinere, quia rem iam factam significat.
Marcus answers that this participle belongs to past time, because it indicates a thing already done.
Labrum nondum desinit tumere, sed puer iam sine dolore bibere potest.
The lip does not stop swelling yet, but the boy can already drink without pain.
Rubor in cute interdum manet, etiam cum dolor iam minor est.
Redness sometimes remains on the skin, even when the pain is already less.
Mater convivas in triclinium ducit, quia cena iam parata est.
Mother leads the guests into the dining room, because dinner is already prepared.
Discipuli, qui iam sciunt quid sit subiectum et quid obiectum, facilius intellegunt cur “amari” passivum, “amare” activum sit.
The students, who already know what the subject is and what the object is, understand more easily why “amari” is passive and “amare” is active.
Mater convivas in triclinium ducit, quia cena iam parata est.
Mother leads the guests into the dining room, because dinner is already prepared.
Postea serva dicit aquam per compluvium in impluvium cecidisse, sed pavimentum iam siccum esse.
Afterward the maid says that water fell through the roof-opening into the rain-pool, but that the floor is already dry.
Ante pomarium longae vites stant, et puella racemos iam maturos spectat.
In front of the orchard long vines stand, and the girl looks at the clusters of grapes that are already ripe.
Quarta hora iam est.
It is already the fourth hour.
Septima hora iam est.
It is already the seventh hour.
Nona hora iam est.
It is already the ninth hour.
Iam horizontem contemplabamur, cum cometes subito apparuit.
We were already observing the horizon when a comet suddenly appeared.
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