Hardcore Latin - Lesson 58

Question	Answer
the history	historia
This history is brief, but it is as pleasant to me as that story about the sailor.	Haec historia brevis est, sed mihi tam iucunda est quam illa fabula de nauta.
the story	historia
the character	persona
very wise	prudentissimus
The very wise grandmother comforts the sad girl.	Avia prudentissima puellam tristem consolatur.
In this story one character is very wise, but the other is less wise.	In hac historia una persona prudentissima est, altera autem minus prudens.
The teacher gives a new instruction: “Read the story slowly and listen carefully to the character’s words.”	Magistra novum praeceptum dat: “Historiam lente legite et personae verba bene audite.”
the copy	exemplar
to compare	comparare
Then the teacher puts two copies on the table, so that the students may compare the old writing with the new.	Deinde magistra duo exemplaria in mensa ponit, ut discipuli scripturam veterem cum nova comparent.
Lucia says that this copy is as clear as that one, but Marcus thinks that there are more difficult words in this one.	Lucia dicit hoc exemplar tam clarum esse quam illud, sed Marcus verba difficiliora in hoc esse putat.
The teacher asks which student may translate the sentence correctly into Latin.	Magistra rogat quae discipula sententiam in linguam Latinam recte transferat.
to continue	pergere
for a little while	paulisper
The boy sits on the threshold for a little while, then runs to his mother.	Puer paulisper in limine sedet, deinde ad matrem currit.
While the other students are writing, Lucia continues to read, but Marcus stops writing for a little while so that he may listen to the teacher.	Dum alii discipuli scribunt, Lucia pergit legere, Marcus autem paulisper scribere desinit ut magistram audiat.
to say	memorare
to remember	recordari
Grandmother often says that, when she was young, she used to read these stories; I, however, remember that I have already heard that story.	Avia saepe memorat se, cum iuvenis esset, has historias legere solitam esse; ego autem recordor me illam fabulam iam audivisse.
the kingdom	regnum
The teacher says that the history of the ancient kingdom is useful to the students.	Magistra dicit historiam regni antiqui discipulis utilem esse.
The enemies want to attack the kingdom, but the citizens and soldiers defend it.	Hostes regnum oppugnare volunt, sed cives et milites id defendunt.
the army	exercitus
In another story about an ancient kingdom, a small army protects the city.	In altera historia de regno antiquo parvus exercitus urbem servat.
the battle	proelium
the female leader	dux femina
The wise female leader leads the soldiers to the city.	Dux femina prudens milites ad urbem ducit.
Although the enemies hurry to battle, the female leader warns the soldiers not to advance without order.	Quamquam hostes ad proelium festinant, dux femina milites monet ne sine ordine procedant.
the testimony	testimonium
before	apud
The defendant finally confesses the truth before the judge.	Rea apud iudicem veritatem tandem fatetur.
to present	proferre
After the battle two witnesses give testimony before the judge.	Post proelium duo testes testimonium apud iudicem proferunt.
weighty	gravis
The sack is so heavy that the maid cannot lift it.	Saccus tam gravis est ut serva eum tollere non possit.
The judge says that the maid’s testimony is as weighty as the soldier’s testimony.	Iudex dicit testimonium servae tam grave esse quam testimonium militis.
to decide	statuere
the opinion	sententia
The wise senator presents his opinion to the senate.	Senator prudens sententiam suam senatui profert.
to state	proferre
The speaker clearly states his opinion about the common good in the assembly.	Orator in contione sententiam suam de bono communi clare profert.
The senator decides that he does not want to keep silent about the new magistrate; and so he states his opinion clearly in the senate-house.	Senator statuit se de novo magistratu tacere nolle; itaque sententiam suam in curia clare profert.
to decide	constituere
more firmly	firmius
Father closes the door more firmly, because the wind is cold.	Pater ianuam firmius claudit, quia ventus frigidus est.
After a long discussion the citizens decide that the city gate should be guarded more firmly at night.	Post longam disputationem cives constituunt ut porta urbis nocte firmius custodiatur.
to be open	patere
In the morning the road to the forum is open, but in the evening it is often filled with a crowd and wagons.	Mane via ad forum patet, sed vespere ea saepe turba et plaustris completur.
to remove	removere
to use	adhibere
The maid removes the cups from the table and uses a lamp, so that mother can read the letter more clearly.	Serva calices e mensa removet et lucernam adhibet, ut mater epistulam clarius legere possit.
so much	tam
severe	severus
The teacher says that good discipline is not so much severe as useful.	Magistra dicit bonam disciplinam non tam severam esse quam utilem.
asked	rogatus
The boy, asked by his mother, finally tells the truth.	Puer, rogatus a matre, veritatem tandem dicit.
When asked, the brother tries to translate the sentence, but he does not translate one word well and then is silent.	Frater rogatus sententiam transferre conatur, sed verbum unum non bene transfert et deinde tacet.
Lucia remembers that the teacher said yesterday that a brave army ought to keep order.	Lucia recordatur magistram heri dixisse exercitum fortem ordinem servare debere.
Since the road is no longer open because of the rain, everyone stays under the portico and talks about the orator.	Cum via non iam pateat propter imbrem, omnes sub porticu manent et de oratore loquuntur.
Father decides that the boys should stay at home until the storm stops; mother, however, decides to light the hearth and cut bread.	Pater statuit pueros domi manere, donec tempestas desinat; mater autem constituit focum accendere et panem secare.
The maid removes the cups again and does not use the same ointment, because the baby does not like the smell.	Serva iterum calices removet et idem unguentum non adhibet, quia infans odorem non amat.
Even if the hour is long, we continue to learn, but before dinner we stop working.	Etiam si hora longa est, pergimus discere, sed ante cenam laborare desinimus.
In this new story the queen seeks not so much her own glory as the safety of the state.	In hac nova historia regina non tam gloriam suam quam salutem civitatis quaerit.
the leader	dux
gentler	mitior
Mother is gentler than father.	Mater mitior est quam pater.
The student says that she likes the character of the queen more than the character of the leader, because she seems gentler.	Discipula dicit se personam reginae magis amare quam personam ducis, quia illa mitior videtur.
the instruction	praeceptum
The teacher gives the students a useful instruction.	Magistra discipulis praeceptum utile dat.
the child	filius
Mother accompanies the child to school.	Mater filium ad scholam comitatur.
Although instructions seem harsh, mother says that good examples teach children better than words alone.	Quamvis praecepta dura videantur, mater dicit exempla bona filios melius docere quam verba sola.
Thus the students, when they compare stories with one another and listen carefully to the testimonies of the characters, understand more easily what is true and what is false.	Sic discipuli, cum historias inter se comparent et testimonia personarum diligenter audiant, facilius intellegunt quid sit verum et quid falsum.
the defendant	reus
The judge questions the defendant, but the defendant answers nothing.	Iudex reum interrogat, sed reus nihil respondet.
The judge gives the defendant a severe punishment, because he told a lie.	Iudex reo poenam severam dat, quia mendacium dixit.
to prepare	instruere
The maid prepares the table for dinner.	Serva mensam ad cenam instruit.
The wise leader keeps order and prepares the soldiers before battle.	Dux prudens ordinem tenet et milites ante proelium instruit.
the hardship	res aspera
In hardship, a wise person does not lose hope.	In re aspera sapiens spem non amittit.
Grandmother says that true friendship appears in hard times.	Avia memorat veram amicitiam in rebus asperis apparere.

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