Cum via non iam pateat propter imbrem, omnes sub porticu manent et de oratore loquuntur.

Here cum introduces a subordinate clause: Cum via non iam pateat propter imbrem.

In this sentence, cum is best understood as since or because, not simply when. The idea is:

• Since the road is no longer open because of the rain...
• Because the road is no longer open because of the rain...

Latin cum can have several meanings depending on context and mood:

• when
• since / because
• although

Here the sense is clearly explanatory: the road is not open, so everyone stays under the colonnade and talks.

Pateat is present subjunctive of pateo, patere (to be open, lie open).

After cum, Latin often uses the subjunctive in subordinate clauses, especially when the clause gives:

• a reason
• a circumstance/background
• sometimes a concession

Because this cum clause explains the situation or cause, the subjunctive is expected.

So:

• cum via non iam pateat = since the road is no longer open

A learner might expect an indicative because English says is, but Latin grammar works differently here.

Pateat comes from pateo, which means:

• to stand open
• to be open
• to lie open / be accessible

So via pateat means the road is open / passable / accessible.

This is close in meaning to aperta est, but not identical in feel:

• aperta est focuses more on something having been opened
• pateat focuses on the state of being open or accessible

For a road, pateo is very natural: the road lies open or is passable.

Yes, non iam and iam non are both possible, and both usually mean no longer.

Here:

• via non iam pateat = the road is no longer open

In many contexts, iam non is the more common textbook way to express no longer, but non iam is also perfectly good Latin. The difference is usually just one of emphasis or style, not a major change in meaning.

So a learner can safely understand this as:

• non iam = no longer

Imbrem is accusative singular of imber, imbris (rain, rainstorm).

It is accusative because it follows propter, and propter takes the accusative case.

So:

• propter imbrem = because of the rain

This is a very common construction:

• propter bellum = because of the war
• propter metum = because of fear
• propter imbrem = because of the rain

Because sub can take either the ablative or the accusative, depending on meaning.

• sub + ablative = under in a static location
• sub + accusative = to under / beneath, showing motion toward

Here the people are already staying there, not moving there:

• omnes sub porticu manent = everyone remains under the portico

So porticu is ablative singular of porticus.

Compare:

• sub porticu manent = they remain under the portico
• sub porticum currunt = they run under the portico

Porticu is the ablative singular of porticus, porticus, a fourth-declension noun.

Its basic forms are:

• nominative: porticus
• genitive: porticus
• dative: porticui
• accusative: porticum
• ablative: porticu

A porticus is a colonnade, portico, or covered walkway.

It may look unusual if you are most used to first- and second-declension endings, but this is a normal fourth-declension form.

Manent is present indicative active, third person plural, from maneo, manere (to remain, stay).

So:

• omnes ... manent = everyone remains / is staying

The present tense is used because the sentence describes what is happening in the current situation. Latin often uses the present just as English does here.

Because omnes literally means all (people) or all of them.

Latin often uses plural forms where English might choose:

• everyone
• all the people
• all of them

So:

• omnes manent = everyone stays / all remain

Even though English everyone looks singular, it refers to many people. Latin simply expresses that idea with the plural.

Oratore is ablative singular of orator, oratoris (speaker, orator).

It is ablative because the preposition de takes the ablative.

So:

• de oratore loquuntur = they are talking about the orator

This is a very common pattern:

• de amico = about the friend
• de bello = about the war
• de oratore = about the orator

Because loquor, loqui, locutus sum is a deponent verb.

Deponent verbs:

• have passive-looking forms
• but active meanings

So loquuntur looks passive in form, but it means:

• they speak
• they talk

This is completely normal for loquor.

Some principal parts:

• loquor = I speak
• loqui = to speak
• locutus sum = I spoke / have spoken

So de oratore loquuntur means they are talking about the orator, not they are being spoken.

Latin word order is much freer than English word order because Latin uses endings to show grammatical relationships.

In English, word order does a lot of the work:

• the road is open
• they talk about the orator

In Latin, the endings already tell you what each word is doing:

• via = nominative subject
• imbrem = accusative after propter
• porticu = ablative after sub
• oratore = ablative after de
• manent and loquuntur = verbs

So Latin can arrange words for style, emphasis, or rhythm.

For example, this sentence places the cum clause first to set the scene:

• Since the road is no longer open because of the rain...

Then the main action follows:

• everyone stays under the portico and talks about the orator

Both are possible in Latin, depending on context.

Via can mean:

• road
• street
• route
• more generally, way

In this sentence, because it is blocked propter imbrem and people are taking shelter, road or route makes the most natural sense.

So here via is probably best understood as:

• the road
• or the रास्ता / route in the practical sense of a path of travel

Yes. A fairly literal translation would be:

• Since the road is no longer open because of the rain, all remain under the portico and talk about the orator.

A smoother English version might be:

• Since the road is no longer passable because of the rain, everyone stays under the portico and talks about the orator.

This helps show how the Latin parts line up:

• Cum = since
• via = the road
• non iam pateat = is no longer open / passable
• propter imbrem = because of the rain
• omnes = everyone / all
• sub porticu = under the portico
• manent = remain / stay
• et = and
• de oratore = about the orator
• loquuntur = they speak / talk