Lesson 11

QuestionAnswer
the lunch
prandium
at home
domi
At home we are silent, so that we can hear grandmother.
Domi tacemus, ut aviam audire possimus.
the theater
theatrum
We have a short lunch at home, then we hurry to the theater.
Prandium breve domi sumimus, deinde ad theatrum festinamus.
the crowd
turba
open
apertus
The door is open, and the guest enters.
Ianua aperta est, et hospes intrat.
A crowd waits in front of the theater; with the gates having been opened, everyone enters happily.
Turba ante theatrum exspectat; portis apertis, omnes laeti intrant.
the actor
actor
the stage
scaena
In the theater an actor stands on the stage and begins a story.
In theatro actor in scaena stat et fabulam incipit.
the actress
actrix
An actress answers on the stage, and the crowd laughs.
Actrix in scaena respondet, et turba ridet.
the joy
laetitia
Soon the actress sings, and joy makes everyone happy.
Mox actrix cantat, et laetitia omnes laetos facit.
to applaud
plaudere
The crowd applauds the actors, and I also applaud.
Turba actoribus plaudit, et ego etiam plaudo.
the show
spectaculum
finished
finitus
When the show is finished, friends walk home along the road and talk about the stage.
Spectaculo finito, amici per viam domum ambulant et de scaena loquuntur.
to go
ire
Today I cannot go to the forum, because cold rain is falling.
Hodie ad forum ire non possum, quia pluvia frigida cadit.
with me
mecum
the baths
thermae
My sister wants to go to the baths with me.
Soror mecum ad thermas ire vult.
to be necessary
oportere
After the show mother says: “Go with me to the baths; it is necessary to wash the body.”
Post spectaculum mater dicit: “Ite mecum ad thermas; corpus lavare oportet.”
the towel
linteum
The girl carries a towel in a basket and hurries to the baths.
Puella linteum in sporta fert et ad thermas festinat.
whose
cuius
The servant finds the towel and asks: “Whose towel is this?”
Servus linteum invenit et rogat: “Cuius est hoc linteum?”
to put on
induere
The boy puts on a clean tunic and runs to the school.
Puer tunicam puram induit et ad scholam currit.
Mother tells her son that he must put on a clean tunic.
Mater filio dicit eum tunicam puram induere oportere.
washed
lotus
With his body washed, the servant sits quietly in the kitchen.
Corpore loto, servus in culina quiete sedet.
With her body washed, the teacher has a small lunch in the villa.
Corpore loto, magistra prandium parvum in villa sumit.
certainly
certe
The emperor certainly knows that peace is better than war.
Imperator certe scit pacem meliorem esse quam bellum.
Certainly I like the baths, but today I want to stay at home.
Certe thermas amo, sed hodie domi manere volo.
the judge
iudex
high
altus
The boy stands on the high bridge and looks at the river.
Puer in alto ponte stat et flumen spectat.
the trial
iudicium
In the forum the judge sits in a high place, and the trial begins.
In foro iudex in alto loco sedet, et iudicium incipit.
the man
vir
The man hopes for peace.
Vir pacem sperat.
to accuse
accusare
to defend
defendere
A man accuses the merchant, but the merchant defends himself.
Vir mercatorem accusat, sed mercator se defendit.
the witness
testis
A woman witness says that she saw the merchant in the shop.
Femina testis dicit se mercatorem in taberna vidisse.
heard
auditus
The messenger has been heard, and the crowd is silent.
Nuntius auditus est, et turba tacet.
to return
reddere
After the trial the merchant wants to return the money.
Post iudicium mercator pecuniam reddere vult.
After the witness has been heard, the judge says that the merchant must return the money.
Teste audito, iudex dicit mercatorem pecuniam reddere oportere.
secretly
clam
A messenger comes secretly to the shop and gives the merchant advice.
Nuntius clam ad tabernam venit et mercatori consilium dat.
openly
aperte
The female student openly says that she does not believe a lie and wants to hear the witness.
Discipula aperte dicit se mendacio non credere et testem audire velle.
under
sub
The servant looks for a key under the table.
Servus sub mensa clavem quaerit.
to leave
relinquere
The student says that he wants to leave an old book in the library.
Discipulus dicit se librum veterem in bibliotheca relinquere velle.
The merchant secretly leaves a letter under the table, but the servant picks it up and calls the mistress.
Mercator clam epistulam sub mensa relinquit, sed servus eam tollit et dominam vocat.
too much / excessive
nimius
There is too much noise in the forum, therefore we are silent in the villa.
Nimius clamor in foro est, igitur nos in villa tacemus.
The female student openly accuses the merchant, because he asked too high a price.
Discipula aperte mercatorem accusat, quia pretium nimium petivit.
The merchant, however, wants to defend himself and says that he always tells the truth.
Mercator autem se defendere vult et dicit se veritatem semper dicere.
When the trial is finished, the crowd walks home slowly, and peace remains in the forum.
Iudicio finito, turba lente domum ambulat, et pax in foro manet.
her
ei
The servant carries the key to him.
Servus ei clavem portat.
After the trial the actress again stands on the stage, and the crowd applauds her; joy remains in the crowd.
Post iudicium actrix iterum in scaena stat, et turba ei plaudit; laetitia in turba manet.
servant
servus
master
dominus
The master orders the servant to close the door, so that the house may be safe.
Dominus servum iubet ianuam claudere, ut domus tuta sit.
book
liber
The servant asks the master: “Whose book is this?”
Servus rogat dominum: “Cuius est hic liber?”
kitchen
culina
dinner
cena
The servant stays in the kitchen so that he can finish the dinner.
Servus in culina manet, ut cenam finire possit.
library
bibliotheca
mistress
domina
The servant finds a book in the library and calls the mistress.
Servus librum in bibliotheca invenit et dominam vocat.
family
familia
villa
villa
cook
coquus
The cook stays in the kitchen so that he can finish the large dinner.
Coquus in culina manet, ut cenam magnam finire possit.
While the family dines in the villa, the cook is silent in the kitchen.
Dum familia in villa cenat, coquus in culina tacet.
mother
mater
Mother gladly reads old books in the library.
Mater in bibliotheca libros veteres libenter legit.
garden
hortus
The family is silent in the garden after dinner.
Familia post cenam in horto tacet.
peace
pax
Peace remains in the city, and we sit happily in the forum.
Pax in urbe manet, et nos in foro laeti sedemus.
After dinner mother prays in the garden and hopes for peace.
Post cenam mater in horto orat et pacem sperat.
at once
statim
Mother closes the door at once.
Mater statim ianuam claudit.
The mistress calls the servant, and the servant comes at once.
Domina servum vocat, et servus statim venit.
door
ianua
The door of the villa is open, and we enter.
Ianua villae aperta est, et nos intramus.
guest
hospes
The guest stays in the villa, because cold rain is falling.
Hospes in villa manet, quia pluvia frigida cadit.
The guest stands before the door and calls the servant.
Hospes ante ianuam stat et servum vocat.