Hardcore Latin - Lesson 66

Question	Answer
active	activus
to be loved	amari
passive	passivus
The teacher says that the word “amare” is active, but “amari” is passive.	Magistra dicit verbum “amare” activum esse, “amari” autem passivum.
to mean	significare
What does this word mean?	Quid hoc verbum significat?
someone else	alius
If you do not want this, someone else can receive it.	Si hoc non vis, alius id accipere potest.
to be seen	videri
Lucia understands that the passive infinitive often means that someone is seen or praised by someone else.	Lucia intellegit infinitivum passivum saepe significare aliquem ab alio videri aut laudari.
the object	obiectum
the subject	subiectum
to change	vertere
A lie changes friendship into hatred.	Mendacium amicitiam in odium vertit.
Marcus asks why in a passive sentence the object is often changed into the subject.	Marcus rogat cur in sententia passiva obiectum saepe in subiectum vertatur.
the ending	terminatio
the person	persona
This person openly confesses the truth.	Haec persona veritatem aperte fatetur.
A different ending in the same verb sometimes changes the person, not the meaning of the whole sentence.	Alia terminatio in eodem verbo interdum personam mutat, non sensum totius sententiae.
the vowel	vocalis
The teacher says that the vowel in this word is long.	Magistra dicit vocalem in hoc vocabulo longam esse.
several	plures
The teacher praises several female students.	Magistra plures discipulas laudat.
the consonant	consona
The teacher asks whether this word has two consonants or not.	Magistra rogat utrum hoc vocabulum duas consonas habeat necne.
In the word “rosa” there are two vowels; in the word “flos” several consonants are heard.	In vocabulo “rosa” duae vocales sunt; in vocabulo “flos” plures consonae audiuntur.
the pronunciation	pronuntiatio
The teacher says that good pronunciation is a great help to the students.	Magistra dicit bonam pronuntiationem discipulis magno auxilio esse.
While Lucia was translating this sentence, the teacher also praised her pronunciation.	Cum Lucia hanc sententiam transferret, magistra eius pronuntiationem quoque laudavit.
The students, who already know what the subject is and what the object is, understand more easily why “amari” is passive and “amare” is active.	Discipuli, qui iam sciunt quid sit subiectum et quid obiectum, facilius intellegunt cur “amari” passivum, “amare” activum sit.
the oak	quercus
the pine	pinus
thick	densus
After school the teacher leads the students to a forest, where tall oaks and thick pines grow.	Post scholam magistra discipulos ad silvam ducit, ubi quercus altae et pinus densae crescunt.
In that forest the shade is so thick that even at midday a little cold is felt.	In illa silva umbra tam densa est ut etiam meridie frigus parvum sentiatur.
the eagle	aquila
An eagle can be seen in the tall oak.	In alta quercu aquila videri potest.
In a tall oak an eagle sits and looks at the fields far away.	In alta quercu aquila sedet et procul campos spectat.
the raven	corvus
to cry out	clamare
When the dog barks at night, the baby cries out and calls his mother.	Cum canis nocte latrat, infans clamat et matrem vocat.
Not far away, in a tall pine, a black raven cries out, while the eagle remains silent.	Non procul in alta pinu corvus niger clamat, dum aquila tacita manet.
the swallow	hirundo
the small branch	ramulus
A swallow flies under the roof, but another swallow sits on a small branch near the window.	Hirundo sub tecto volat, sed alia hirundo in ramulo prope fenestram sedet.
clear	serenus
When the sky is clear, the sailors leave the harbor.	Cum caelum serenum est, nautae e portu exeunt.
Mother says that she gladly watches swallows, because they often announce spring and a clear day.	Mater dicit se hirundines libenter spectare, quia ver et diem serenum saepe nuntiant.
the ant	formica
the acorn	glans
the trunk	truncus
fallen	iacens
The boy picks up the fallen branch from the ground.	Puer ramum iacentem e terra tollit.
to drag	trahere
The maid drags a damp cloth across the floor so that she may remove the dirt.	Serva pannum humidum per pavimentum trahit, ut sordes tollat.
An ant tries to drag a small acorn across a fallen trunk.	Formica parvam glandem per truncum iacentem trahere conatur.
the bark	cortex
Another ant walks quickly over the bark of the oak and returns to the same acorn.	Alia formica super corticem quercus celeriter ambulat et ad eandem glandem redit.
the spider	aranea
the web	rete
The boy looks at the spider’s web near the window.	Puer rete araneae prope fenestram spectat.
A spider makes a small web near the window; the boy, however, does not dare to touch the spider.	Aranea prope fenestram rete parvum facit; puer autem araneam tangere non audet.
that not	ne
The teacher warns the students not to neglect the new words.	Magistra discipulos monet ne verba nova neglegant.
Mother warns that the spider should not be harmed, because spiders too are useful.	Mater monet ne aranea laedatur, quia etiam araneae utiles sunt.
Grandfather sits on the trunk of a broken tree and tells a story.	Avus in trunco arboris fractae sedet et fabulam narrat.
rough	asper
The bark of this oak is rough, but the girl gladly touches it.	Cortex huius quercus asper est, sed puella eum libenter tangit.
The boy touches the bark of the tree and asks why the bark of the oak is so rough.	Puer corticem arboris tangit et rogat cur cortex quercus tam asper sit.
The sister picks a small branch up from the ground, but father says that a green branch ought not to be broken.	Soror ramulum e terra tollit, sed pater dicit ramulum viridem frangi non oportere.
to grow	nasci
Grandmother says that roses and lilies grow from good soil.	Avia dicit rosas et lilia ex bona terra nasci.
Under the oaks grandmother counts acorns and says that a new oak can grow from acorns.	Sub quercubus avia glandes numerat et dicit ex glandibus novam quercum nasci posse.
The raven flies from the trunk to a rock, and the dog watches it for a long time.	Corvus de trunco ad saxum volat, et canis eum diu spectat.
The teacher wants these words to be recited more clearly by Lucia, so that everyone may understand what was seen in the forest.	Magistra vult haec verba a Lucia clarius recitari, ut omnes intellegant quid in silva visum sit.
Although the forest was thick, the girls were not afraid, because the teacher was present and knew the way well.	Quamvis silva densa esset, puellae non timebant, quia magistra aderat et viam bene sciebat.
Thus both new words and new things are kept in memory, when students not only sit in school, but also observe with their own eyes oaks, pines, swallows, and ants.	Sic et verba nova et res novae memoria tenentur, cum discipuli non solum in schola sedeant, sed etiam oculis suis quercus, pinos, hirundines, et formicas observent.
the plural	pluralis
The teacher says that this noun is in the plural.	Magistra dicit hoc nomen in plurali esse.
The teacher says that the ending of this word changes in the plural.	Magistra dicit terminationem huius vocabuli in plurali mutari.

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