Breakdown of Loro hanno finito per accettare l'incremento dopo che si è visto il ribasso.
essere
to be
loro
they
avere
to have
vedere
to see
finire
to finish
per
for / in order to / because of
si
one (impersonal)
accettare
to accept
dopo che
after (conjunction)
l'incremento
the increase (m)
il ribasso
the markdown
Questions & Answers about Loro hanno finito per accettare l'incremento dopo che si è visto il ribasso.
How does the past participle agreement work in si è visto il ribasso?
In a si passivante construction, the verb agrees with the thing being acted upon, which acts as the grammatical subject. Here, the subject is il ribasso (the drop). Since il ribasso is masculine singular, the past participle visto takes the masculine singular ending -o. If the sentence were about 'the drops' (i ribassi), it would change to si sono visti i ribassi.
In si è visto il ribasso, why is the auxiliary verb essere instead of avere?
This is the si passivante (passive 'si'), used here to mean 'the drop was seen'. When forming compound tenses (like the passato prossimo) with the passive si, the auxiliary verb is always essere, even if the active version of the verb usually takes avere.
Is finire per + infinitive the standard way to say 'to end up doing' something?
Yes! While English uses 'end up' followed by an '-ing' verb, Italian uses finire per followed by an infinitive. For example, hanno finito per accettare literally translates as 'they finished by to accept', but it is the natural way to say 'they ended up accepting'.
Why do we need to use dopo che here instead of just dopo?
You must use the conjunction phrase dopo che whenever you are introducing a new clause with a conjugated verb (in this case, si è visto). If you were only placing a noun after the word 'after' (for example, 'after the drop'), you would just use the preposition dopo by itself (dopo il ribasso).
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