Marie dit que le brocoli et les crevettes vont très bien ensemble dans cette recette.

Because the subject is le brocoli et les crevettes — two things joined by et. In French, that makes a plural subject, so the verb must also be plural:

• le brocoli va
• les crevettes vont
• le brocoli et les crevettes vont

So vont is the correct form of aller for they.

French usually uses articles more often than English, especially when talking about things in a general way.

Here, le brocoli and les crevettes mean something like:

• broccoli
• shrimp

but French normally says:

• le brocoli
• les crevettes

This is very common with food, body parts, abstract ideas, and general categories.

That is just how the speaker is choosing to talk about the ingredients.

• le brocoli treats broccoli as a general ingredient or substance
• les crevettes refers to shrimp as individual items, so plural makes natural sense

French often does this with food words. The choice is not always exactly the same as in English. What matters grammatically is that the whole subject is still plural because it has two parts joined by et.

Literally, vont ensemble means go together.

So:

• vont bien ensemble = go well together
• vont très bien ensemble = go very well together

This is a very natural French way to talk about flavors, colors, clothes, ideas, or people that match well together.

In French, adverbs often come after the verb. Here the basic structure is:

• vont ensemble = go together

Then bien adds the idea of well, and très intensifies bien:

• vont bien ensemble
• vont très bien ensemble

So the order is natural French word order: verb + adverb + ensemble

Que introduces a subordinate clause — in English, this is usually that.

• Marie dit que... = Marie says that...

In English, that is often optional:

• Marie says the broccoli and shrimp go very well together

But in French, que is normally required here.

No, not in standard French.

After dire followed by a full statement, you normally need que:

• Marie dit que le brocoli et les crevettes vont très bien ensemble.

Without que, the sentence sounds ungrammatical.

Dans cette recette means in this recipe.

It tells you the context: broccoli and shrimp go well together in this recipe.

French uses dans here because the idea is within the recipe / as part of this dish.

• dans cette recette = in this recipe

That is the most natural preposition in this sentence.

Yes. French can move that phrase for emphasis.

For example:

• Marie dit que le brocoli et les crevettes vont très bien ensemble dans cette recette.
• Marie dit que, dans cette recette, le brocoli et les crevettes vont très bien ensemble.

Both are correct. The original version is neutral and very natural.

No. It is used much more broadly.

It can describe things that match or suit each other, for example:

• clothes: Ces couleurs vont bien ensemble.
• people: Ils vont bien ensemble.
• ideas or elements in a design
• flavors in cooking

So in this sentence, it is being used in the food sense: the ingredients pair well together.

Yes, there is a common liaison between vont and très:

• vont très is pronounced roughly like von tray, with a t sound linking them

A simplified pronunciation of the whole part could be:

• les crevettes vont très bien ensemble
• roughly: lay क्रuh-vet von-tray byan ahn-sombl

A few useful points:

• les sounds like lay
• crevettes ends with a clear -ette sound
• bien has a nasal vowel
• ensemble begins with a nasal sound too

Yes. Recette is a feminine noun.

So French uses:

• cette recette = this recipe

Compare:

• ce livre = this book
• cette recette = this recipe

The form cette is used before feminine singular nouns.