Select a tabLessonsVocabularyStatisticsLessonsVocabularyStatisticsClick on a lesson below to start learningWe recommend you to start with lesson 1, as lessons build on one another.1 Understanding the Past1.1 Developing a Global Perspective1.1.1 World History as Preparation for Life After College1.1.2 World History and Global Citizenship1.1.3 Features of This Textbook1.2 Primary Sources1.2.1 Learning to Evaluate Documents and Images1.2.2 Documentary Sources: Competing Narratives1.2.3 Textual Sources: The Importance of Language1.2.4 Hidden in History1.3 Causation and Interpretation in History1.3.1 Levels of Causation1.3.2 Interpretation in History1.4 Review Questions2 Exchange in East Asia and the Indian Ocean2.1 India and International Connections2.1.1 The Mughal Empire2.1.2 The Sultanate of Gujarat2.1.3 The Rise of the Maratha Empire2.1.4 European Colonialism2.2 The Malacca Sultanate2.2.1 The Rise of the Malacca Sultanate2.2.2 European Malacca2.3 Exchange in East Asia2.3.1 Japan2.3.2 China’s Dynastic Exchanges2.3.3 Korea and Its Neighbors2.4 Review Questions3 Early Modern Africa and the Wider World3.1 The Roots of African Trade3.1.1 Saharan Trade Routes3.1.2 The Spread of Islam3.1.3 The Mali Empire3.2 The Songhai Empire3.2.1 The Rise of Imperial Songhai3.2.2 The Reign of Askia the Great3.2.3 The Decline of Songhai3.3 The Swahili Coast3.3.1 The Rise of the Swahili City-States3.3.2 Slavery on the Swahili Coast3.3.3 The Contest for the Swahili Coast3.4 The Trans-Saharan Slave Trade3.4.1 The Role of Kanem-Bornu3.4.2 The Arrival of Europeans3.4.3 The Later Trans-Saharan Slave Trade3.5 Review Questions4 The Islamic World4.1 A Connected Islamic World4.1.1 Politics and Religion in the Ummah4.1.2 Islamic Trade Networks4.1.3 Technology in the Islamic World4.2 The Ottoman Empire4.2.1 Culture and Society4.2.2 Expansion, Revolutions, and Reform4.2.3 Science and Technology4.3 The Safavid Empire4.3.1 The Rise of the Safavid Empire4.3.2 Establishing Shi‘ism as the State Religion4.3.3 Safavid Government and Culture4.4 Review Questions5 Foundations of the Atlantic World5.1 The Protestant Reformation5.1.1 The Origins of the Protestant Reformation5.1.2 Calvinists, Anabaptists, and Anglicans5.1.3 The Catholic Reformation and the Wars of Religion5.2 Crossing the Atlantic5.2.1 The Rise of Maritime Nations5.2.2 The Columbian Exchange5.3 The Mercantilist Economy5.3.1 The Rise of Mercantilism5.3.2 Mercantilism and the Expansion of Empire5.3.3 Mercantilism and Its Critics5.4 The Atlantic Slave Trade5.4.1 Slavery and the Triangular Trade5.4.2 African and North American Slavery5.4.3 The Economics of Slavery5.5 Review Questions6 Colonization and Economic Expansion6.1 European Colonization in the Americas6.1.1 Spain’s Encomienda System6.1.2 English Settlements in North America6.1.3 French and Dutch Settlements6.2 The Rise of a Global Economy6.2.1 The Seven Years’ War6.2.2 British Influence in India6.2.3 China’s Dominance in Trade6.2.4 Colonial Resistance and Revolution6.3 Capitalism and the First Industrial Revolution6.3.1 From Mercantilism to Capitalism6.3.2 Mechanization6.3.3 Marxism6.4 Review Questions7 Revolutions in Europe and North America7.1 The Enlightenment7.1.1 The Authority of Reason7.1.2 Natural Rights7.1.3 Social Contract Theory7.2 The Exchange of Ideas in the Public Sphere7.2.1 Public Debate and Dissent7.2.2 The Republic of Letters7.2.3 Academies, Universities, and Intellectuals7.3 Revolutions: America, France, and Haiti7.3.1 The American Revolution7.3.2 The French Revolution7.3.3 The Haitian Revolution7.4 Nationalism, Liberalism, Conservatism, and the Political Order7.4.1 Nationalism7.4.2 Liberalism7.4.3 Conservatism7.5 Review Questions8 Revolutions in Latin America8.1 Revolution for Whom?8.1.1 Social Hierarchy and Bourbon Reforms in Spanish America8.1.2 The Napoleonic Era8.1.3 The Peninsular War and the American Question8.2 Spanish North America8.2.1 The Mexican War of Independence8.2.2 Iturbide and the Plan de Iguala8.3 Spanish South America8.3.1 The Northern Liberation Movement8.3.2 The Southern Liberation Movement8.3.3 The Guayaquil Conference8.4 Portuguese South America8.4.1 The Establishment of the Kingdom of Brazil8.4.2 Pedro I and Brazilian Independence8.4.3 Nineteenth-Century Eyes on Latin America8.5 Review Questions9 Expansion in the Industrial Age9.1 The Second Industrial Revolution9.1.1 The Expansion and Transformation of Technology9.1.2 Industrial Frontiers9.1.3 Obstacles to Industrialization9.2 Motives and Means of Imperialism9.2.1 Raw Materials and Markets9.2.2 The Civilizing Mission9.2.3 The Means of Imperialism9.3 Colonial Empires9.3.1 Africa9.3.2 European Powers in Conflict9.3.3 Asia9.3.4 The Pacific9.4 Exploitation and Resistance9.4.1 Brutality and Exploitation9.4.2 Resistance and Revolution9.5 Review Questions10 Life and Labor in the Industrial World10.1 Inventions, Innovations, and Mechanization10.1.1 The Industrial Workplace10.1.2 The Industrial Home10.1.3 The Family in the Industrial Age10.2 Life in the Industrial City10.2.1 The Benefits of Life in the Industrial City10.2.2 The Challenges of Life in the Industrial City10.2.3 Cultural Movements of the Second Industrial Revolution10.3 Coerced and Semicoerced Labor10.3.1 Slavery and Serfdom10.3.2 Contract Labor and Debt Bondage10.3.3 Penal Labor10.4 Communities in Diaspora10.4.1 European Immigration10.4.2 Asian Exodus10.5 Regulation, Reform, and Revolutionary Ideologies10.5.1 Regulation and Reform10.5.2 Revolutionary Ideologies10.6 Review Questions11 The War to End All Wars11.1 Alliances, Expansion, and Conflict11.1.1 The Long Peace11.1.2 Treaties and Alliances11.1.3 Colonies and Conflict11.1.4 The Growth of Militaries11.2 The Collapse of the Ottomans and the Coming of War11.2.1 The “Sick Man of Europe”11.2.2 The Spark That Lit the Powder Keg11.2.3 The World at War11.3 Total War11.3.1 The Unending Horror of War11.3.2 The United States Enters the War11.3.3 Life in the Trenches, the Mountains, and the Desert11.3.4 Colonies, Race, and the War11.4 War on the Homefront11.4.1 Nations Remade for War11.4.2 Women’s Work11.4.3 The Civilian Response11.4.4 The Easter Rising11.5 The War Ends11.5.1 The 1905 Revolution11.5.2 Peace, Land, and Bread11.5.3 The Final Year11.6 Review Questions12 The Interwar Period12.1 Recovering from World War I12.1.1 The Aftermath12.1.2 The Treaty of Versailles12.1.3 Postwar Recession and Prosperity12.1.4 Germany and Reparations12.1.5 Disarmament and the Commitment to Peace12.2 The Formation of the Soviet Union12.2.1 The Birth of the Soviet Union and the Rise of Stalin12.2.2 The First Five-Year Plan12.2.3 Engineers of Human Souls12.3 The Great Depression12.3.1 Economic Collapse12.3.2 Worldwide Woe12.3.3 Communism and Authoritarianism12.4 Old Empires and New Colonies12.4.1 To the Victors Go the Spoils12.4.2 The Fight for Self-Determination in Africa12.4.3 An Independent India12.5 Resistance, Civil Rights, and Democracy12.5.1 The Expansion of Democracy12.5.2 Democratic Yearnings12.5.3 A New Culture for the Masses12.6 Review Questions13 The Causes and Consequences of World War II13.1 An Unstable Peace13.1.1 Asia for Asians13.1.2 Peace in Our Time13.1.3 Sleeping Giants13.1.4 The Attack on Pearl Harbor13.2 Theaters of War13.2.1 Europe and Africa13.2.2 East Asia and the Pacific13.2.3 South and Southeast Asia13.2.4 The Holocaust13.3 Keeping the Home Fires Burning13.3.1 Life on the Home Fronts13.3.2 Women Mobilized for War13.3.3 Scientists at War13.4 Out of the Ashes13.4.1 Victory in Europe and Plans for Peace13.4.2 Hiroshima and Nagasaki13.4.3 The Human Toll13.5 Review Questions14 Cold War Conflicts14.1 The Cold War Begins14.1.1 The Superpowers Divided14.1.2 Western and Eastern Blocs14.1.3 Cold War Strategies14.2 The Spread of Communism14.2.1 Chinese Revolution14.2.2 The Two Koreas14.2.3 Southeast Asia14.2.4 The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution14.3 The Non-Aligned Movement14.3.1 Yugoslavia14.3.2 The Bandung Conference and Indonesia14.3.3 India14.3.4 Egypt and the Middle East14.4 Global Tensions and Decolonization14.4.1 Tensions in Europe14.4.2 Tensions in Latin America14.4.3 Tensions in Asia14.4.4 Decolonization in Africa in the Shadow of the Cold War14.5 A New World Order14.5.1 The Collapse of Communism: The Eastern Bloc14.5.2 The Retreat of Communism: China14.6 Review Questions15 The Contemporary World and Ongoing Challenges15.1 A Global Economy15.1.1 Global Trade15.1.2 Multinationals and the Push to Privatize15.1.3 Exporting Culture15.1.4 Winners and Losers in a Globalizing World15.2 Debates about the Environment15.2.1 The Rise of Environmentalism15.2.2 Environmentalism Today15.2.3 The Global Response to Climate Change15.3 Science and Technology for Today’s World15.3.1 The Digital Computer Revolution15.3.2 The Internet and Social Media15.3.3 Medical Miracles and Ongoing Health Challenges15.4 Ongoing Problems and Solutions15.4.1 Instability in the Post–Cold War World15.4.2 Radicalism, Refugees, and Resistance15.4.3 State Instability and Human Rights Abuses15.4.4 Global North and Global South15.5 Review Questions