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Él recibió un aviso permanente por gritar en la biblioteca.

Él recibió un aviso permanente por gritar en la biblioteca.
He received a permanent warning for yelling in the library.
From Lesson 223:Expressing causes (por)·Spanish (Latin America)

Questions & Answers about Él recibió un aviso permanente por gritar en la biblioteca.

Why is it por gritar instead of por gritando to match the "-ing" in "for yelling"?
In English, we use "-ing" words after prepositions. However, in Spanish, prepositions like por are always followed by an infinitive (the unconjugated verb, like gritar), never the "-ando" or "-iendo" form. Using por + infinitive is the standard way to express the cause or reason for an action.
Could I use para instead of por here?
No, and the difference is important! Por tells us the reason or cause something happened—he got the warning because he yelled. If you used para (which shows purpose or destination), it would mean he received the warning "in order to yell," which doesn't make sense here.
Does aviso translate exactly to "warning"?
It can! An aviso is broadly a "notice," "announcement," or even "advertisement." However, in a disciplinary context like breaking rules at a library, "warning" is the most natural translation. Another common word for a strict warning is advertencia.
Just to be sure, is a biblioteca a library or a bookstore?
A biblioteca is a "library" (where you borrow books and where yelling gets you a warning!). A librería is a "bookstore" (where you buy books). They are classic "false friends" that English speakers often mix up.

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