Learn Italian: Mi sono trasferito a Roma per un anno.

In this sentence, per shows a completed duration of time. The speaker stayed in Rome for a year, but that period is now finished. If they were still living there, they would use the present tense with da, like in Vivo a Roma da un anno (I have been living in Rome for a year).

Why is the verb Mi sono trasferito and not just Ho trasferito?

To say you are moving or relocating, Italian uses the reflexive verb trasferirsi. Reflexive verbs always require a reflexive pronoun (like mi) and use essere (to be) as their helping verb in the past tense.

Would this sentence change if a woman were saying it?

Yes, it would be Mi sono trasferita a Roma per un anno. Because the verb uses essere in the past tense, the ending of the past participle (trasferito) must match the gender and number of the subject. The ending with -o tells us the speaker here is male.

Why do we say a Roma instead of in Roma?

In Italian, you almost always use the preposition a when talking about being in or going to a city. You use in for larger areas like countries or regions, such as in Italia.