Hardcore Latin - Lesson 16

Question	Answer
the summer	aestas
the shore	litus
the sand	arena
In summer many people come to the shore and sit on the sand.	Aestate multi ad litus veniunt et in arena sedent.
The girl plays on the sand, and her brother walks near the shore.	Puella in arena ludit, et frater eius prope litus ambulat.
the field	campus
the tree	arbor
the shade	umbra
its	eius
The teacher says that his answer is true.	Magistra dicit responsum eius verum esse.
In the field a tall tree stands, and the boys read under its shade.	In campo alta arbor stat, et pueri sub umbra eius legunt.
the grass	herba
In the field there is much grass, and the sheep stand in the grass.	In campo multa herba est, et oves in herba stant.
the leaf	folium
the ground	terra
A leaf falls from the tree and remains on the ground.	Folium de arbore cadit et in terra manet.
the autumn	autumnus
In autumn many leaves are on the ground.	Autumno multa folia in terra sunt.
the mountain	mons
the valley	vallis
A high mountain stands near the valley.	Mons altus prope vallem stat.
Water runs from the mountain to the valley.	Ex monte ad vallem aqua currit.
the heat	calor
the coolness	frigus
In winter grandmother fears the cold and stays at home.	Hieme avia frigus timet et domi manet.
In summer the heat is great, and the boys like the coolness of the water.	In aestate calor magnus est, et pueri frigus aquae amant.
the cold	frigus
In winter the boy fears the cold, but he puts on a warm tunic.	Hieme puer frigus timet, sed tunicam calidam induit.
In winter cold remains on the ground, but in summer heat returns.	Hieme frigus in terra manet, sed aestate calor redit.
Autumn is beautiful, because many leaves are on the ground.	Autumnus pulcher est, quia folia multa in terra sunt.
the parent	parens
the manner	mos
Parents teach boys and girls good manners.	Parentes pueros et puellas bonos mores docent.
the discipline	disciplina
The parents say that discipline is useful in school and at home.	Parentes dicunt disciplinam in schola et in domo utilem esse.
the custom	mos
Good students obey their teachers, because discipline and custom are useful in school.	Boni discipuli magistris parent, quia disciplina et mos in schola utiles sunt.
the fault	culpa
the punishment	poena
severe	gravis
If the fault is serious, the punishment is also serious.	Si culpa gravis est, poena quoque gravis est.
If the fault is small, the teacher does not give a severe punishment.	Si culpa parva est, magistra poenam gravem non dat.
The girl says that she is at fault, and the teacher gives her a small punishment.	Puella dicit se culpam habere, et magistra ei poenam parvam dat.
the reward	praemium
the duty	officium
A good female student receives a reward, because she does her duty well.	Bona discipula praemium accipit, quia officium suum bene facit.
their	suus
The boy calls his own dog.	Puer canem suum vocat.
Not punishment but reward often makes the boys happy, and the boys do their duty better.	Non poena, sed praemium pueros saepe laetos facit, et pueri officium suum melius faciunt.
the example	exemplum
The teacher writes a good example on the board, and the students write it on paper.	Magister in tabula exemplum bonum scribit, et discipuli id in charta scribunt.
the sentence	sententia
This sentence is short, but it gives a clear example.	Haec sententia brevis est, sed exemplum clarum dat.
another	alius
The teacher shows the students another example.	Magistra discipulis aliud exemplum ostendit.
The female student reads one sentence easily, but she cannot yet understand another sentence.	Discipula unam sententiam facile legit, sed aliam sententiam intellegere nondum potest.
When summer had come, the parents led the boys to the shore, and the boys played on the sand for a long time.	Cum aestas venisset, parentes pueros ad litus duxerunt, et pueri in arena diu luserunt.
When the heat was great, we were sitting under the shade of the trees and drinking water.	Cum calor magnus esset, nos sub umbra arborum sedebamus et aquam bibebamus.
When autumn had come, the girl walked through the field and saw many leaves on the ground.	Cum autumnus venisset, puella per campum ambulavit et multa folia in terra vidit.
When the parents had returned home, mother told a story about a mountain and a valley.	Cum parentes domum rediissent, mater de monte et valle fabulam narravit.
In the small valley the grass is tall, but on the mountain there are often few trees.	In valle parva herba alta est, sed in monte saepe paucae arbores sunt.
I do not want to sit on cold sand, but I gladly stay in the shade near the shore.	In arena frigida sedere nolo, sed in umbra prope litus libenter maneo.
The ground is good after the rain, and the grass in the field is tall.	Terra post pluviam bona est, et herba in campo alta est.
to be kept	servandus
Peace must be preserved in the city.	Pax in urbe servanda est.
The parents say that good manners must be kept at home and at school.	Parentes dicunt bonos mores in domo et in schola servandos esse.
If a female student does not do her duty, her fault is clear; if she works well, she receives a reward.	Si discipula officium non facit, culpa eius clara est; si bene laborat, praemium accipit.
The teacher asks whether the female student’s sentence shows a good example or a fault.	Magistra rogat utrum sententia discipulae exemplum bonum ostendat an culpam.
to observe	servare
The parents want to preserve peace in the house.	Parentes pacem in domo servare volunt.
ought	debere
You must put on a warm tunic, because the wind is cold.	Tu tunicam calidam induere debes, quia ventus frigidus est.
A good student ought always to observe good manners.	Discipulus bonus bonos mores semper servare debet.

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