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Il gruppo non ha approvato il provvedimento, il quale avrà un grande impatto.

Il gruppo non ha approvato il provvedimento, il quale avrà un grande impatto.
The group did not approve the measure, which will have a great impact.
From Lesson 308:Formal relative pronouns (il quale, la quale)·Italian

Questions & Answers about Il gruppo non ha approvato il provvedimento, il quale avrà un grande impatto.

Why does this sentence use il quale instead of just che?
While che is perfectly correct and more common in everyday speech, il quale is a stylistic alternative used mostly in formal speaking and writing. It matches the administrative context of this sentence.
What is il quale referring to, and why is it masculine singular?
It refers back to il provvedimento (the measure). Because il quale always changes to match the gender and number of the noun it replaces, it takes the masculine singular form here.
Is il quale the subject or the object in the second half of the sentence?
It is the explicit subject of the verb avrà (will have). Using il quale as a subject helps avoid any ambiguity about what is performing the action, which is especially useful in complex, formal sentences.
Could we use cui here instead of il quale?
No. The relative pronoun cui is only used after a preposition (such as di cui or per cui). Because the pronoun acts as the direct subject here, your only options are che or il quale.
What kind of measure is a provvedimento?
Il provvedimento is typically an official, legal, or administrative action or ruling. It is formal vocabulary, which perfectly matches the stylistic choice of using il quale.

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