A mi profesora le llena de orgullo ver que cada semana entendemos un poco más.

Yes, they both point to my teacher, but they do different jobs in Spanish.

• le is the indirect object pronoun
• a mi profesora names exactly who that pronoun refers to

This is very common in Spanish and is called indirect object doubling.

So:

• Le llena de orgullo = It fills her with pride
• A mi profesora = clarifies that her means my teacher

Spanish often keeps both, especially when the person is specifically named.

The a marks the indirect object here.

In this sentence, mi profesora is the person affected by the action:

• something fills her with pride

So Spanish says:

• A mi profesora le llena de orgullo...

That a is not the preposition to in a literal movement sense. It is part of how Spanish marks people as indirect objects.

The subject is the whole idea:

ver que cada semana entendemos un poco más

In English, that is something like:

• seeing that each week we understand a little more
• to see that each week we understand a little more

That whole infinitive phrase acts as the subject of llena.

So the structure is:

• [Ver que cada semana entendemos un poco más] = subject
• le llena de orgullo = fills her with pride

Because that subject is treated as a singular idea, the verb is llena, not llenan.

Llenar de + noun literally means to fill with + noun.

So:

• llenar de orgullo = to fill with pride

In natural English, you might translate it as:

• make someone proud
• fill someone with pride

Both are good translations depending on style.

Ver que means to see that.

Here, ver is followed by a clause introduced by que:

• ver que cada semana entendemos un poco más
• to see that every week we understand a little more

Spanish often uses verb + que when one verb is followed by a full idea with its own subject and verb.

Compare:

• Veo la pizarra = I see the board
• Veo que entienden = I see that they understand

Because it describes an ongoing, repeated situation:

• each week we understand a little more

Spanish often uses the simple present for things that happen regularly or are currently true over time.

So entendemos here means something like:

• we understand
• we’re understanding more and more in a general ongoing sense

It does not need a progressive form like estamos entendiendo.

Entendemos means we understand.

So the speaker is including themselves in the group. In context, that probably means:

• the speaker and their classmates
• the students in general

The exact group depends on context, but grammatically it is simply we.

Cada semana means every week or each week.

This is a fixed and very common pattern in Spanish:

• cada día = every day
• cada semana = every week
• cada año = every year

You do not normally use an article after cada in this structure, so cada la semana would be wrong.

It means a little more.

So:

• entendemos un poco más = we understand a little more

The idea is more than before. Spanish does not need to repeat exactly more of it or more than last week if the context already makes that clear.

This phrase is very common:

• un poco = a little
• más = more

Together: a little more.

Because más here is simply the comparative adverb more.

• un poco más = a little more

You do not use de in this structure.

Compare:

• Trabajo más = I work more
• Entiendo un poco más = I understand a little more

The phrase de más exists in Spanish, but it means something different, more like extra, too much, or unnecessary in certain contexts.

Spanish is flexible with word order, and this structure puts my teacher first for emphasis or topic.

Starting with A mi profesora highlights who is feeling the pride.

So this order sounds natural:

• A mi profesora le llena de orgullo ver...

You could also hear:

• Le llena de orgullo a mi profesora ver...

but the original version is smoother and more common when introducing the person first.

Yes, if the context already makes it clear who le refers to.

You could say:

• Le llena de orgullo ver que cada semana entendemos un poco más.

That would mean:

• It fills her with pride to see that each week we understand a little more.

But including a mi profesora makes the sentence clearer and more explicit.

Because my teacher is the indirect object, not the direct object.

The thing doing the filling is the whole idea:

• ver que cada semana entendemos un poco más

And the person affected by that is my teacher.

With llenar de orgullo a alguien, Spanish uses the person as an indirect object in this kind of structure, so le is the expected pronoun here.

For learners, the safest takeaway is:

• le llena de orgullo = it fills him/her with pride

Not always.

Orgullo can mean:

• pride in a positive sense
• sometimes pride/arrogance in a negative sense, depending on context

In this sentence, it is clearly positive:

• the teacher feels proud of the students’ progress

So here orgullo means pride, not conceit or arrogance.

Yes, that is a natural English translation, but it is a little less literal.

More literally:

• It fills my teacher with pride to see that each week we understand a little more.

More naturally in English:

• My teacher is proud to see that each week we understand a little more.
• It makes my teacher proud to see that each week we understand a little more.

All of these capture the meaning well.