A Ana foi ao talho buscar carne, mas eu fui à peixaria comprar salmão.

In European Portuguese, it is very common to use the definite article before a person’s name, especially in everyday speech.

So A Ana simply means Ana, not the Ana in the English sense.

This is very natural in Portugal:

• A Ana foi ao talho.
• O Pedro chegou tarde.

English does not do this, so it often feels strange at first to English-speaking learners.

Because these are contractions of the preposition a with the definite article:

• a + o = ao
• a + a = à

Here:

• talho is a masculine noun: o talho → ao talho
• peixaria is a feminine noun: a peixaria → à peixaria

So:

• foi ao talho = went to the butcher’s
• fui à peixaria = I went to the fish shop

Also, the accent in à marks the contraction. It is not just a random accent mark.

Both are forms of the verb ir (to go) in the pretérito perfeito (simple past / preterite):

• eu fui = I went
• ele/ela foi = he/she went

So:

• A Ana foi = Ana went
• eu fui = I went

A useful thing to remember is that fui and foi can also be forms of ser, but in this sentence the meaning is clearly to go because of the places mentioned.

That is true: Portuguese often leaves out subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows the person.

So fui à peixaria would already mean I went to the fish shop.

But here eu is included for contrast:

• A Ana went to the butcher’s, but I went to the fish shop.

So eu adds emphasis, similar to stressing I in English.

After a verb of movement like ir, Portuguese often uses the infinitive to express purpose.

So:

• foi ao talho buscar carne = she went to the butcher’s to get meat
• fui à peixaria comprar salmão = I went to the fish shop to buy salmon

This structure is very common and very natural in Portuguese.

Yes. You could say:

• A Ana foi ao talho para buscar carne.
• Eu fui à peixaria para comprar salmão.

That is grammatical, but in many everyday situations Portuguese prefers the shorter version without para after a verb of movement:

• foi ao talho buscar carne
• fui à peixaria comprar salmão

This shorter structure sounds very natural.

They are similar, but not identical.

• buscar means to fetch, to get, or to pick up
• comprar means to buy

So buscar carne focuses on the idea of going to get the meat. It does not necessarily focus on the act of paying, even though buying may be implied.

comprar salmão explicitly says that the speaker went there to buy salmon.

Because both nouns are being used in a general / non-specific way here.

• buscar carne = to get meat
• comprar salmão = to buy salmon

This is similar to English, where we often say buy meat or buy salmon without the.

If the speaker meant something specific, an article could appear:

• buscar a carne = get the meat
• comprar o salmão = buy the salmon

In Portugal:

• talho = butcher’s shop / butcher’s
• peixaria = fish shop / fishmonger’s

These are very common everyday words in European Portuguese.

A learner who knows Brazilian Portuguese may expect açougue for butcher’s shop, but in Portugal talho is the normal word.

Because mas means but, and it joins two complete clauses:

• A Ana foi ao talho buscar carne
• eu fui à peixaria comprar salmão

In Portuguese, it is standard to use a comma before mas in this kind of sentence.

Yes. Foi ao talho is the most natural choice here.

With shops and destinations like this, Portuguese commonly uses ir a:

• ir ao talho
• ir à peixaria
• ir ao supermercado

Ir para is possible in other contexts, but here ir a sounds more idiomatic and natural.

Here it most naturally means salmon as food.

In context, comprar salmão means buying salmon to eat, just as comprar carne would mean buying meat.

Portuguese often uses the same noun for the animal and the food, and the context tells you which meaning is intended.