Qualcuno ha rubato la borsa.

Qualcuno means someone or somebody. It is an indefinite pronoun, used when the speaker does not know who the person is or does not want to say.

So in this sentence, qualcuno is the subject: the action was done by an unknown person.

You would use lui or lei only if you were referring to a specific male or female person already known in the conversation.

Ha rubato is the passato prossimo, one of the main past tenses in Italian.

It is formed with:

• the present tense of avere or essere
• plus the past participle

Here:

• ha = he/she/it has from avere
• rubato = past participle of rubare (to steal)

So ha rubato literally looks like has stolen, but in Italian it is also the normal way to say stole in many everyday situations.

Most transitive verbs in Italian use avere in compound tenses, and rubare is transitive because it takes a direct object: here, la borsa.

So:

• ha rubato la borsa = correct

Verbs that usually take essere are often verbs of movement, change of state, or reflexive verbs, but rubare is not one of them.

Yes. Borsa can mean several things depending on context, most commonly:

• bag
• handbag / purse
• sometimes school bag or shopping bag

So the exact English translation depends on the situation.

The article la shows that borsa is a feminine singular noun.

Italian uses articles very often, and la borsa means the bag.

This sentence specifically says the bag, not a bag. That usually implies a specific bag already known from the context.

Compare:

• Qualcuno ha rubato la borsa. = Someone stole the bag.
• Qualcuno ha rubato una borsa. = Someone stole a bag.
• Qualcuno mi ha rubato la borsa. = Someone stole my bag / stole the bag from me.
  Italian often uses the definite article where English would use a possessive.

This is the most neutral and natural word order in Italian:

subject + verb + object

• Qualcuno = subject
• ha rubato = verb
• la borsa = object

You can change the order in some contexts, but it usually adds emphasis or sounds less neutral.

For example:

• La borsa, qualcuno l’ha rubata. = The bag, someone stole it.
  This gives special emphasis to the bag.

For a basic statement, Qualcuno ha rubato la borsa is the standard order.

Good question. In ha rubato, the word rubato is a past participle used with avere. Normally, when a verb uses avere, the past participle does not agree with the direct object.

So:

• ha rubato la borsa
• ha rubato i soldi
• ha rubato le chiavi

The participle stays rubato.

Agreement can happen in some special cases, especially with direct object pronouns placed before the verb:

• L’ha rubata. = He/She stole it.
  Here rubata agrees with la.

But in your original sentence, rubato is correct and normal.

Yes, qualcuno normally refers to a person: someone / somebody.

If you want to refer to a thing, Italian would use something else, such as:

• qualcosa = something

So:

• Qualcuno ha rubato la borsa. = a person stole the bag.
• Qualcosa è caduto dalla borsa. = something fell out of the bag.

Qualcuno is grammatically singular, even though in English someone can feel a bit vague.

That is why the verb is singular:

• Qualcuno ha rubato...

Not:

• Qualcuno hanno rubato... ❌

So you always treat qualcuno as singular in grammar.

Not in the same way.

There is a difference between:

• rubare qualcosa = to steal something
• derubare qualcuno = to rob someone

So:

• Qualcuno ha rubato la borsa. = Someone stole the bag.
• Qualcuno ha derubato la signora. = Someone robbed the lady.

You can also say:

• Qualcuno ha rubato la borsa alla signora. = Someone stole the lady’s bag.
• Qualcuno ha derubato la signora della borsa. = Someone robbed the lady of her bag.
  This is grammatically possible, but less basic and less common for beginners.

Yes. The Italian passato prossimo often covers both ideas.

Depending on context, ha rubato can correspond to:

• stole
• has stolen

In everyday spoken Italian, passato prossimo is extremely common for completed past actions, especially in much of Italy.

So the exact English tense depends on the context, not just the Italian form by itself.

You put non before the verb:

• Qualcuno non ha rubato la borsa.

This means Someone did not steal the bag, which sounds a bit unusual unless you are contrasting people.

More naturally, if you want to say Nobody stole the bag, Italian would use:

• Nessuno ha rubato la borsa.

So:

• qualcuno = someone
• nessuno = no one / nobody

In Italian, you can often make a question just by using intonation:

• Qualcuno ha rubato la borsa?

This can mean:

• Did someone steal the bag?
• Has someone stolen the bag?

You do not need an extra helping verb like English did.

If you want a more explicit question such as Who stole the bag?, you would say:

• Chi ha rubato la borsa?

Sometimes yes, sometimes no.

Italian often prefers the definite article where English uses a possessive, especially when the owner is clear from context:

• Le hanno rubato la borsa. = They stole her bag / his bag / the bag from her/him.

But if you want to state the ownership explicitly, you can use a possessive:

• Qualcuno ha rubato la sua borsa. = Someone stole his/her bag.

Be careful: sua can mean his, her, or even your (formal), depending on context. That is why Italian often prefers other structures when it wants to avoid ambiguity.