Medir

Medir means to measure — and crucially, it is also the everyday verb Brazilians use to state someone's height or an object's dimensions ("Ela mede 1,70 m"). It looks like a tame regular -ir verb, but it hides one of the nastiest little traps in the language: the first-person singular is meço, not "medo." Get the rest of the conjugation right and miss that single ç, and you'll sound like a learner every time you talk about your own height.

Why "meço" and not "medo"

Most -ir verbs that change in the first person are stem-changing (the vowel e→i, like in pedir → peço, or sentir → sinto). Medir does something different: the consonant changes. The stem-final d turns into ç before the first-person ending. This is the same d→ç swap you see in pedir (peço) and ouvir (ouço). The change appears only where the ending begins with the back vowels o or a — that is, in the first-person singular present (meço) and throughout the present subjunctive (meça, meças, meça, meçamos, meçam).

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The rule of thumb for medir, pedir, and ouvir: wherever you'd expect a "d" followed by o or a, write ç instead. So eu meço, que eu meça — but ele mede, nós medimos keep the d because the ending starts with e.

The reason is phonetic history, not arbitrary spelling. These verbs descend from Latin forms where a yod (a /j/ sound) palatalized the consonant only before back vowels. The "e" endings never triggered it, so the d survived there. You don't need the Latin to use the verb — but knowing the change is consonantal, not vocalic, stops you from over-applying the e→i pattern (you will not say "*mido").

Present indicative (presente do indicativo)

Note meço in the first person; every other form is regular.

PronounForm
eumeço
tu/vocêmede
ele/elamede
nósmedimos
vocêsmedem
eles/elasmedem

Eu meço um metro e oitenta.

I'm one metre eighty (tall).

Quanto você mede?

How tall are you?

A gente mede a febre com o termômetro do banheiro.

We take our temperature with the thermometer in the bathroom.

Preterite (pretérito perfeito) — fully regular

Good news: the preterite is completely regular, so there's no ç here.

PronounForm
eumedi
tu/vocêmediu
ele/elamediu
nósmedimos
vocêsmediram
eles/elasmediram

Ontem o médico mediu a minha pressão e disse que está ótima.

Yesterday the doctor measured my blood pressure and said it's great.

Eu medi a parede três vezes antes de comprar a estante.

I measured the wall three times before buying the bookshelf.

Imperfect (pretérito imperfeito) — regular

PronounForm
eumedia
tu/vocêmedia
ele/elamedia
nósmedíamos
vocêsmediam
eles/elasmediam

Quando era criança, ela media a sombra para saber a hora.

As a child, she would measure the shadow to tell the time.

Future and conditional

Built on the full infinitive medir-, so both are regular.

PronounFuturo do presenteFuturo do pretérito (conditional)
eumedireimediria
tu/vocêmedirámediria
ele/elamedirámediria
nósmediremosmediríamos
vocêsmedirãomediriam
eles/elasmedirãomediriam

O engenheiro mediria de novo se houvesse tempo, mas a obra começa amanhã.

The engineer would measure again if there were time, but construction starts tomorrow.

In everyday Brazilian speech, the synthetic future is usually replaced by ir + infinitive: vou medir, vai medir. Reserve medirei for formal or written registers.

Subjunctive — the second place the ç appears

The present subjunctive is built from the meço stem, so the ç runs through the whole paradigm: meça, meças, meça, meçamos, meçam. The imperfect and future subjunctive, however, are built on the regular preterite stem medi-, so no ç.

PronounPresente do subjuntivoImperfeito do subjuntivoFuturo do subjuntivo
eumeçamedissemedir
tu/vocêmeçamedissemedir
ele/elameçamedissemedir
nósmeçamosmedíssemosmedirmos
vocêsmeçammedissemmedirem
eles/elasmeçammedissemmedirem

É importante que você meça o ingrediente certinho, senão o bolo não cresce.

It's important that you measure the ingredient precisely, or the cake won't rise.

Quando você medir o quarto, me manda as medidas.

When you measure the room, send me the dimensions.

Imperative

Affirmative imperative for você borrows the subjunctive (meça); the negative is fully subjunctive.

PronounAffirmativeNegative
tumedenão meças
vocêmeçanão meça
nósmeçamosnão meçamos
vocêsmeçamnão meçam

Meça com calma, não tenha pressa.

Measure carefully, don't rush.

Non-finite forms

FormValue
Infinitivomedir
Infinitivo pessoal (eu/ele)medir
Infinitivo pessoal (nós)medirmos
Infinitivo pessoal (vocês/eles)medirem
Gerúndiomedindo
Particípiomedido

Meaning and usage notes

  • To measure (a dimension): medir a altura, a distância, a temperatura, a pressão.
  • To be X tall / long: This is the high-frequency use English speakers forget. Portuguese uses medir where English uses to be ... tall. "Ele mede 1,80 m" = He is 1.80 m tall, not "*He measures...". The same applies to objects: "A mesa mede dois metros."
  • Figurative: medir palavras (to choose one's words carefully), medir forças (to test one's strength against someone).
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When stating height, Brazilians say the number with a comma as the decimal: um metro e setenta (1,70 m). The "measures" verb is medir, and the noun for the result is a medida (the measurement).

Common Mistakes

❌ Eu medo dois metros.

Incorrect — 'medo' means 'fear'; the 1sg of medir is 'meço'.

✅ Eu meço dois metros.

I'm two metres tall.

❌ Eu mido a janela.

Incorrect — overapplies the e→i pattern; medir changes d→ç, not e→i.

✅ Eu meço a janela.

I measure the window.

❌ Ele é dois metros de altura.

Incorrect — English calque; use 'medir' for height.

✅ Ele mede dois metros de altura.

He is two metres tall.

❌ Quando você medir... que eu medo certo.

Incorrect — future subj. 'medir' is fine, but present subj. is 'meça', not 'medo'.

✅ Espero que eu meça certo desta vez.

I hope I measure correctly this time.

The single most important thing to lock in: meço (present, 1sg) and meça (subjunctive) both carry the ç. Everything else uses a plain d.

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Related Topics

  • Summary of Irregular Present Indicative FormsA2A consolidated reference table of the most common irregular Brazilian Portuguese verbs in the present indicative, grouped by the type of irregularity — suppletive stems, -g-/-ç- eu forms, -z- stems, and vowel-changing -ir verbs.
  • Stem-Changing -ir VerbsA2The predictable e→i and o→u vowel shift in the eu form of many Brazilian Portuguese -ir verbs, and why it reappears throughout the subjunctive.
  • PedirA1The irregular -ir verb 'pedir' (to ask for, request, order), including the d→ç change pedi/peço/peça, its object structure ('pedir algo a alguém'), and the crucial difference from 'perguntar'.
  • SentirA1How to conjugate and use sentir (to feel, to sense, to be sorry) in Brazilian Portuguese — an -ir verb with the e→i stem change in the eu form (sinto) and throughout the present subjunctive.
  • Spelling-Change VerbsA2Verbs that change spelling — but not sound — to protect a consonant's pronunciation across the conjugation.