Cuando llueve, escucho la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa.

Cuando llueve is the most natural way to say when it rains or when it’s raining in a general sense.

Spanish often uses the simple present where English might use either:

• when it rains
• when it’s raining

Cuando está lloviendo is possible, but it focuses more on the action being in progress at that moment. In this sentence, cuando llueve sounds more natural because it describes a typical situation: whenever rain happens, I hear it.

Llover is an impersonal verb in this use, like English to rain.

So Spanish says:

• Llueve = It rains / It is raining

The it in English does not refer to a real thing, and Spanish usually does not include any subject at all. That is why you simply get llueve, not él llueve or anything similar.

Spanish usually leaves out subject pronouns when they are not needed, because the verb ending already shows who is doing the action.

• escucho = I listen / I hear
• the -o ending tells you it is yo

So Yo escucho la lluvia is grammatically correct, but escucho la lluvia is more normal unless you want emphasis or contrast:

• Yo escucho la lluvia, pero mi hermano no.

In Spanish, nouns are often used with the definite article more often than in English.

So:

• escucho la lluvia = I hear the rain

This sounds natural because you are talking about the rain as a real, present thing. Leaving out the article here would sound less natural in standard Spanish.

Both escuchar and oír can sometimes be translated as to hear, but they are not always exactly the same.

A helpful basic distinction is:

• oír = to hear, to perceive sound
• escuchar = to listen to, or to hear attentively

In real Spanish, though, escuchar la lluvia is perfectly natural, even if you are not making a big effort to listen. It can suggest that you are consciously noticing the sound.

You could also say:

• Cuando llueve, oigo la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa.

That would also be correct and natural.

It may feel repetitive to an English speaker because both words relate to rain:

• llueve = it rains / it is raining
• la lluvia = the rain

But in Spanish this is completely normal.

The first part tells you the situation:

• Cuando llueve = when it rains

The second part tells you what I hear:

• escucho la lluvia = I hear the rain

So the repetition is not a mistake. It is natural and clear.

Here sobre means on, onto, or against in the sense of the rain falling and making sound on the roof.

• la lluvia sobre el tejado = the rain on the roof

This is a good choice because it suggests the sound of rain hitting that surface.

You might also hear:

• la lluvia en el tejado

That can also work, but sobre gives a stronger idea of the rain falling onto the roof surface.

In Spain, tejado usually means the outside roof of a house, while techo usually means the ceiling or sometimes roof in a broader sense.

So in this sentence:

• tejado is the best word because rain falls on the outside roof

Examples:

• El tejado está mojado. = The roof is wet.
• El techo de mi habitación es blanco. = The ceiling of my room is white.

For Spain Spanish, tejado is especially appropriate here.

de mi casa means of my house / of my home, and it tells you whose roof it is:

• el tejado de mi casa = the roof of my house

You could not use en mi casa in the same way here, because that would mean in my house, not of my house.

de casa without mi would usually not mean the same thing. You need mi to show possession:

• el tejado de mi casa = my house’s roof / the roof of my house

Not normally in this sentence.

In some contexts, Spanish can use casa without an article or possessive, especially in expressions related to home, for example:

• Estoy en casa. = I’m at home.

But for a specific roof, Spanish normally says:

• el tejado de mi casa or
• el tejado de la casa

So el tejado de casa would sound unusual here.

The sentence describes a habitual or repeated situation:

• Cuando llueve = whenever it rains
• escucho la lluvia... = I hear the rain...

Spanish often uses the present tense for general truths, routines, and repeated events.

So this sentence means something like:

• Whenever it rains, I hear the rain on the roof of my house.

It is not just about one single moment; it sounds like a usual experience.

Yes, the comma is correct and expected here.

When a subordinate clause comes first, Spanish normally separates it with a comma:

• Cuando llueve, escucho la lluvia...

If the order is reversed, the comma is usually not needed:

• Escucho la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa cuando llueve.

So the comma helps mark the introductory clause.

Yes, that is grammatically correct.

Both versions are natural:

• Cuando llueve, escucho la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa.
• Escucho la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa cuando llueve.

The difference is mostly one of focus:

• starting with Cuando llueve emphasizes the condition or situation first
• starting with Escucho la lluvia emphasizes what you hear first

It can mean either my house or my home, depending on context.

In English, house and home are often different in feeling:

• house = the building
• home = the place where you live, with a more personal sense

Spanish casa can cover both ideas. In this sentence, because you are talking about the roof, house is probably the most literal translation, but home is also possible depending on the overall meaning.

You could make that idea more explicit in several ways, for example:

• Cuando llueve, oigo el sonido de la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa.
• Cuando llueve, escucho el ruido de la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa.
• Cuando llueve, oigo caer la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa.

The original sentence is already natural, but these versions highlight the sound more clearly.

Yes, one clue is tejado, which is very natural in Spain for the outside roof of a house.

The whole sentence is understandable across the Spanish-speaking world, but vocabulary can vary by region. In many places, speakers might prefer other wording depending on local habits, but Cuando llueve, escucho la lluvia sobre el tejado de mi casa sounds perfectly good in Spain Spanish.