A professora vai explicar a lição de novo para alguns alunos.

In Portuguese, singular countable nouns usually take an article when you are talking about a specific person or thing.

So a professora = the teacher.

Using just professora would sound incomplete in a normal sentence like this. You can leave the article out in special situations, such as direct address:

Professora, posso fazer uma pergunta?
Teacher, can I ask a question?

But as the subject of this sentence, a professora is the normal form.

Vai explicar is the very common ir + infinitive future, like is going to explain or simply will explain in English.

Structure:

• vai = present tense of ir
• explicar = infinitive

So:

• A professora vai explicar... = The teacher is going to explain... / will explain...

Portuguese also has a simple future form:

• A professora explicará a lição...

That is correct, but in everyday Brazilian Portuguese, vai explicar sounds much more natural and common in conversation.

No. Just like English is going to explain, it often refers to the future, but it does not have to mean right this second.

It can mean:

• a planned future action
• an expected future action
• a simple future statement in everyday speech

So here it just tells you that the teacher will explain the lesson again. The sentence itself does not say exactly when.

Because lição is a feminine singular noun, so its definite article is a.

• o = masculine singular
• a = feminine singular
• os = masculine plural
• as = feminine plural

Since lição is feminine, you say:

• a lição = the lesson

This is why both nouns in the sentence use a:

• a professora
• a lição

They are both feminine singular nouns.

Lição usually means lesson. Depending on context, it can sometimes also refer to something like a school exercise or assigned work, but the most direct meaning is lesson.

A learner may also notice that Portuguese sometimes uses different words depending on context:

• lição = lesson
• aula = class / lesson as an event
• dever de casa or tarefa de casa = homework

So in this sentence, a lição is most naturally the lesson, not the class.

De novo is a very common way to say again in Brazilian Portuguese.

So:

• explicar a lição de novo = explain the lesson again

You can also say novamente, which also means again:

• A professora vai explicar a lição novamente.

Both are correct. In everyday spoken Brazilian Portuguese, de novo is usually more common and more natural.

Literally, yes, the words are of/from + new, but you should learn de novo as a fixed expression meaning again.

Sometimes learners wonder whether it means from the beginning. Usually it just means again. If someone wants to be very clear about from the start, they might say something like:

• desde o começo
• do início

So de novo is best understood as the normal everyday expression for again.

In Portuguese, adverbs and adverb-like expressions such as de novo can often move around more than in English, but some placements sound more natural than others.

This sentence is very natural:

• A professora vai explicar a lição de novo...

You may also hear:

• A professora vai explicar de novo a lição...

That is also possible, but many speakers would prefer the original version here.

A good beginner rule is: put de novo after the verb phrase or after the object when it sounds natural. Exposure will help you develop a feel for the most common word orders.

Para here means for or to, depending on how English would express it.

• para alguns alunos = for some students / to some students

In this sentence, it shows who will receive the explanation.

So the structure is:

• explain something
• to/for someone

Portuguese commonly uses para to mark that recipient or target.

Sometimes Portuguese does use a with indirect objects, especially in more formal structures, but with explicar, Brazilian Portuguese very commonly uses para when the recipient is expressed as a full noun phrase.

So this sounds very natural:

• explicar a lição para alguns alunos

You may also see:

• explicar a lição a alguns alunos

That is grammatical and can sound a bit more formal or written. In everyday Brazilian Portuguese, para is often preferred.

Because alunos is a masculine plural noun, and alguns has to agree with it.

Agreement:

• algum aluno = some student
• alguns alunos = some students
• alguma aluna = some female student
• algumas alunas = some female students

In mixed groups, Portuguese normally uses the masculine plural:

• alguns alunos can mean some students, even if the group is mixed.

If the group is entirely female, you would say:

• algumas alunas

Both can refer to some, but alguns is usually a bit clearer and more explicit.

• alguns alunos = some students
• uns alunos = some students / a few students

In many contexts they are close in meaning, but alguns often feels slightly more deliberate or specific.

For a learner, alguns is a very safe and useful choice.

Yes, to some extent. Portuguese word order is flexible, but not every version sounds equally natural.

The original sentence is very natural:

• A professora vai explicar a lição de novo para alguns alunos.

Possible alternatives include:

• A professora vai explicar de novo a lição para alguns alunos.
• Para alguns alunos, a professora vai explicar a lição de novo.

That last version puts extra focus on para alguns alunos.

But for a neutral statement, the original order is probably the best choice.

Portuguese does not need an extra marker there because para already introduces the phrase that tells you who receives the action.

So the sentence is built like this:

• A professora = subject
• vai explicar = future verb phrase
• a lição = direct object
• de novo = again
• para alguns alunos = recipient / target

English and Portuguese organize these parts a little differently, but the Portuguese structure is completely normal.

Yes, if the context already makes it clear what is being explained.

For example:

• A professora vai explicar de novo para alguns alunos.

That could mean The teacher is going to explain again to some students, with the object understood from context.

But if you want to state exactly what she is explaining, keeping a lição is better and more complete.

It is neutral and very natural in everyday Brazilian Portuguese.

Nothing in it is slangy, overly formal, or unusual. It would fit in:

• normal conversation
• school contexts
• writing for learners
• ordinary spoken Brazilian Portuguese

The most conversational feature is vai explicar, since Brazilians often prefer ir + infinitive over the simple future in everyday speech.