Quale treno prendi domani mattina?

Quale means which and is used when you are choosing from a set of options: Which train are you taking tomorrow morning?

In everyday Italian, some speakers also use che treno prendi?, especially in informal speech, but quale treno is very clear and standard when asking someone to identify a particular train.

So:

• Quale treno prendi? = Which train are you taking?
• Che treno prendi? = also commonly used in speech, with a similar meaning

Italian often leaves out subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

Here, prendi is the tu form of prendere, so tu is understood:

• (Tu) prendi = you take / you are taking

Adding tu is possible, but it is usually only used for emphasis, contrast, or clarity:

• Quale treno prendi? = normal
• Tu quale treno prendi? = And which train are you taking?

In Italian, the present tense is very often used to talk about the near future, especially when there is already a time expression that makes the future clear.

Here, domani mattina tells us that the action is in the future, so prendi naturally means are you taking / will you take.

This is very common in both Italian and English:

• Domani parto. = I’m leaving tomorrow.
• Stasera esci? = Are you going out tonight?

So Quale treno prendi domani mattina? is perfectly natural.

Prendere literally means to take, but in transportation contexts it is commonly used the same way English uses take:

• prendere il treno = to take the train
• prendere l’autobus = to take the bus
• prendere un taxi = to take a taxi

So here prendi does not mean physically grabbing a train. It means which train are you taking / catching / getting.

Domani mattina is a fixed, natural time expression meaning tomorrow morning.

Italian often uses these time phrases without an article or preposition:

• domani = tomorrow
• domani mattina = tomorrow morning
• domani sera = tomorrow evening
• ieri mattina = yesterday morning

So you simply say:

• Ci vediamo domani mattina. = We’ll see each other tomorrow morning.

Yes, but the given order is the most neutral and natural.

Standard order:

• Quale treno prendi domani mattina?

You may also hear:

• Domani mattina quale treno prendi?
  This puts more focus on tomorrow morning.

Italian word order is somewhat flexible, but not every rearrangement sounds equally natural. The original sentence is a very normal way to ask the question.

Here quale is singular because treno is singular.

Forms of quale:

• singular: quale
• plural: quali

Examples:

• Quale treno prendi? = Which train are you taking?
• Quali treni prendi di solito? = Which trains do you usually take?

Unlike many Italian adjectives, quale does not change for masculine/feminine in the singular:

• quale treno
• quale macchina

After quale, Italian normally does not use an article.

So you say:

• quale treno
• quale libro
• quale film

not:

• quale il treno

This works like English which train, not which the train.

A simple approximate pronunciation is:

KWA-leh TREH-noh PREHN-dee doh-MAH-nee mat-TEE-nah?

A few useful points:

• qu in quale sounds like kw
• treno has a clear treh
• prendi has stress on the first syllable: PREN-di
• domani is stressed on -ma-
• mattina is stressed on -ti-

If you want it broken down:

• Quale → KWA-leh
• treno → TREH-noh
• prendi → PREHN-dee
• domani → doh-MAH-nee
• mattina → mat-TEE-nah

Yes. That uses the future tense of prendere:

• prenderai = you will take

So:

• Quale treno prendi domani mattina? = very natural, everyday Italian
• Quale treno prenderai domani mattina? = also correct, a bit more explicitly future

In many everyday situations, Italians prefer the present tense when a future time is already stated.

It is informal, because prendi is the tu form.

If you want to be formal, you would use Lei and the third person singular:

• Quale treno prende domani mattina?

That means Which train are you taking tomorrow morning? in a polite/formal way.

So:

• prendi = informal you
• prende = formal you / he/she takes depending on context