Dietro il recinto vediamo una pecora bianca e una capra piccola.

Italian often puts a place expression at the beginning to set the scene first.
So Dietro il recinto gives the location/context before telling us what is seen.

A more neutral order like Vediamo una pecora bianca e una capra piccola dietro il recinto is also possible, but starting with Dietro il recinto sounds very natural when you want to foreground the setting.

Il is the definite article, so it means the fence/enclosure. Italian uses the definite article when the speaker has a specific fence in mind, or when it is already clear from the context.

If you said un recinto, that would mean a fence/an enclosure, introducing it as non-specific.

Yes, dietro al recinto is also possible.

With dietro, Italian can use:

• dietro il recinto
• dietro al recinto

Both mean the same thing here.
Dietro il recinto is very common and straightforward.
Dietro al recinto uses a + il = al after dietro, which is also accepted and natural in many contexts.

Vediamo is the 1st person plural, present indicative of vedere (to see).

So:

• vedo = I see
• vedi = you see
• vede = he/she sees
• vediamo = we see
• vedete = you all see
• vedono = they see

Here it tells you the subject is we.

Because Italian usually drops subject pronouns when they are not needed.

The ending -iamo already shows that the subject is we, so noi is optional:

• Vediamo = we see
• Noi vediamo = we see

Adding noi can give emphasis or contrast, but it is not necessary in a normal sentence.

Because these are two separate singular nouns, and each one normally takes its own article:

• una pecora
• una capra

So una pecora bianca e una capra piccola is the natural way to say a white sheep and a small goat.

If you left out the second una, the sentence would sound incomplete or unnatural in standard Italian.

Because both pecora and capra are feminine singular nouns.

In Italian, the indefinite article must agree with the noun:

• masculine singular: un / uno
• feminine singular: una

So:

• una pecora
• una capra

In Italian, adjectives often come after the noun, especially when they are simple descriptive adjectives like color, size, shape, and similar qualities.

So:

• pecora bianca = white sheep
• capra piccola = small goat

This is the most normal position here.

Because adjectives must agree with the nouns they describe in gender and number.

Both nouns are feminine singular:

• pecora → feminine singular
• capra → feminine singular

So the adjectives must also be feminine singular:

• bianco → bianca
• piccolo → piccola

If the nouns were masculine singular, you would have:

• un cane bianco
• un capro piccolo

Yes. Both are possible, but the nuance can change a little.

• una capra piccola is a straightforward, descriptive pattern.
• una piccola capra can sound a bit more natural in some contexts, and sometimes slightly more expressive or closely tied to the noun.

Italian adjective position is flexible, but it is not always arbitrary. In beginner-level sentences like this one, it is useful to learn that after the noun is the safest default for many descriptive adjectives.

Because Italian, like English, normally does not use a comma before e when simply joining two items in a short list.

So:

• una pecora bianca e una capra piccola

is the standard punctuation.

Here dietro functions as a preposition-like location word meaning behind.

In this sentence it is followed by a noun phrase:

• dietro il recinto

So it introduces the location of what is being described. In practice, a learner can safely treat dietro here as meaning behind + noun phrase.