Marie range son maquillage dans le tiroir avant de se coucher.

Here, range comes from the verb ranger, which usually means to put away, to tidy, or to store neatly.

So Marie range son maquillage dans le tiroir means something like:

• Marie puts her makeup away in the drawer
• Marie tidies her makeup into the drawer

It is not exactly the same as English arranges, although in some contexts there is a similar idea of putting things in order.

Because maquillage is a masculine singular noun in French.

French possessive adjectives agree with the thing possessed, not with the gender of the person who owns it. So:

• son = used before a masculine singular noun
• sa = used before a feminine singular noun
• ses = used before a plural noun

Since maquillage is masculine, French uses son, even though the owner is Marie, a woman.

Grammatically, son can mean either his or her in English.

In this sentence, it clearly means her, because Marie is the person being talked about. So:

• son maquillage = her makeup

The important thing is that French son/sa/ses agrees with the noun being owned, not with the owner's sex.

Yes, le maquillage is commonly used as a singular mass noun, just like makeup in English.

So son maquillage means her makeup as a general collection, not just one item. French often treats it as one whole category rather than counting separate products.

If you wanted to talk about specific makeup items, you might use other expressions, but in this sentence maquillage as a singular noun is completely natural.

Dans means in or inside, so dans le tiroir means in the drawer.

That is the natural preposition because the makeup is being put inside the drawer.

• dans le tiroir = in the drawer

Using à or au would not sound right here for physical location inside a container.

Le tiroir means the drawer, while un tiroir means a drawer.

French often uses the definite article when the speaker has a specific, understood thing in mind. Here, it suggests a particular drawer, probably one Marie normally uses.

So:

• dans le tiroir = in the drawer
• dans un tiroir = in a drawer

Both are possible in different contexts, but le tiroir sounds more specific.

Avant de is a very common structure meaning before doing something.

It is followed by an infinitive:

• avant de partir = before leaving
• avant de manger = before eating
• avant de se coucher = before going to bed

So in this sentence, avant de se coucher means before going to bed.

Because se coucher is a pronominal verb meaning to go to bed or to lie down.

The verb coucher by itself usually means something more like to put to bed or to lay down something or someone.

Compare:

• Marie se couche = Marie goes to bed
• Marie couche le bébé = Marie puts the baby to bed

So here se is necessary because Marie is performing the action on herself.

Se refers back to the subject, which is Marie.

So se coucher literally has the idea of to lay oneself down / to put oneself to bed, though in natural English we simply say to go to bed.

This is why pronominal verbs are often translated less literally in English.

Range is the third-person singular present form of ranger:

• je range
• tu ranges
• il/elle range

In a sentence like this, the present tense can describe:

1. a habitual action
   
   • Marie puts her makeup away before going to bed
2. a present-time action, depending on context
   
   • Marie is putting her makeup away before going to bed

Without more context, it often sounds like a general habit or routine.

Yes, the word order is very natural.

The basic structure is:

• Marie = subject
• range = verb
• son maquillage = direct object
• dans le tiroir = where she puts it
• avant de se coucher = when she does it

So it follows a very common French pattern:

Subject + verb + object + place + time/circumstance

Not exactly. Se coucher means to go to bed, not to fall asleep and not simply to sleep.

So:

• avant de se coucher = before going to bed
• avant de dormir = before sleeping

In many everyday situations those ideas are close, but the French sentence specifically refers to the moment before getting into bed, not sleep itself.

Yes, very much so.

Using the present tense with a sentence like this often suggests something Marie regularly does as part of her evening routine:

• Marie puts her makeup away in the drawer before going to bed

That is one of the most natural interpretations unless the wider context shows it is describing a single event.