Malou lampu chci pověsit na stěnu vedle dveří, aby tam bylo večer dobře vidět.

Because malou lampu is the accusative singular form, and it is the direct object of chci pověsit.

• nominative: malá lampa = a small lamp as the subject
• accusative: malou lampu = a small lamp as the object

Here, the speaker is talking about what they want to hang, so Czech uses the accusative:

• Malou lampu chci pověsit = I want to hang a small lamp

Chci pověsit means I want to hang / put up.

The important part is the verb pověsit, which is perfective. That means it presents the action as a single completed act: putting the lamp up.

• věšet = imperfective, focusing on the process or repeated action
• pověsit = perfective, focusing on the completed result

So:

• chci pověsit lampu = I want to hang the lamp up
• chci věšet lampu would sound less natural here unless you meant the process in some special context

For this sentence, the speaker means a one-time action with a clear result, so pověsit is the natural choice.

Because na can take different cases depending on whether there is movement toward a place or location in a place.

Here, the lamp is being moved onto the wall, so Czech uses:

• na + accusative for destination
  
  • na stěnu = onto the wall

Compare:

• Pověsím lampu na stěnu. = I’ll hang the lamp onto the wall.
• Lampa visí na stěně. = The lamp is hanging on the wall.

So:

• na stěnu = direction / result
• na stěně = static location

Vedle normally takes the genitive case when it means next to / beside.

So:

• vedle dveří = next to the door

The noun dveře is a special Czech noun because it is plural-only. Even though English says door in the singular, Czech uses a plural form:

• nominative: dveře
• genitive: dveří

That is why you get vedle dveří, not vedle dveře.

Aby introduces a purpose clause: so that, in order that.

So the second part of the sentence:

• aby tam bylo večer dobře vidět

means:

• so that it would be easy to see there in the evening
• or more naturally, so that there would be good visibility there in the evening

The structure is:

• main clause: Malou lampu chci pověsit...
• purpose clause: aby...

So the lamp is being hung up for a purpose.

Bylo vidět is part of a very common impersonal construction in Czech:

• je vidět = you can see / it is visible
• bylo vidět = it was possible to see / it could be seen

In this sentence, after aby, Czech often uses a form with by. The phrase aby bylo vidět is a standard way to say so that it is possible to see well.

It is not agreeing with lampa, so it does not become byla. The construction is impersonal, so Czech uses the default neuter singular form bylo.

So:

• aby tam bylo dobře vidět = so that one can see well there

In this sentence, it means something like to see well or for it to be easy to see.

The whole phrase:

• je dobře vidět
• bylo dobře vidět

is often used impersonally to talk about visibility.

So:

• aby tam bylo večer dobře vidět

means:

• so that people can see well there in the evening
• so that it will be easy to see there in the evening

It is less about the lamp itself being visible, and more about the area being well lit.

Tam means there. It refers to the place being discussed: the area by the wall next to the door.

So:

• aby tam bylo večer dobře vidět = so that it would be easy to see there in the evening

It can sometimes be omitted if the location is already completely obvious, but keeping it makes the sentence sound more natural and explicit.

Without tam, the sentence would still be understandable:

• ...aby bylo večer dobře vidět

But tam helps connect the purpose clause to that specific place.

Because Czech often uses certain time words adverbially, without a preposition.

So:

• večer = in the evening / tonight depending on context

This is similar to other common time expressions:

• ráno = in the morning
• odpoledne = in the afternoon
• v noci = at night (this one usually does need a preposition)

Here:

• večer dobře vidět = to see well in the evening

So English needs in the evening, but Czech can simply say večer.

Yes, it is normal. Czech word order is much freer than English word order.

Starting with Malou lampu puts the object in a prominent position. It can sound like:

• As for the small lamp, I want to hang it...
• or it can slightly emphasize the small lamp

A more neutral order would also be possible, for example:

• Chci pověsit malou lampu na stěnu vedle dveří...

Both are grammatical. The version in your sentence sounds natural and may reflect what the speaker wants to highlight first.

No, not in this exact meaning.

• pověsit = to hang something up (an action you do)
• viset = to hang (to already be hanging)

So:

• Chci pověsit lampu... = I want to hang the lamp up...
• Lampa bude viset na stěně. = The lamp will hang on the wall.

In your sentence, the speaker is talking about putting the lamp there, so pověsit is the correct verb.

In this sentence, stěna clearly means wall, specifically an interior wall where the lamp will be mounted.

It is a very common word:

• stěna = wall
• zeď also means wall, but the two are not always used in exactly the same way in every context

Here, na stěnu sounds perfectly natural for putting a lamp on a wall inside a room.

Yes, it is natural and idiomatic.

A speaker of Czech would understand it as:

• I want to hang a small lamp on the wall next to the door, so that it’s easy to see there in the evening.

What makes it sound natural:

• correct accusative: malou lampu
• correct direction: na stěnu
• correct genitive after vedle: dveří
• natural purpose clause: aby tam bylo večer dobře vidět

So it is a very good example of everyday Czech.