Ako do sutra još zahladi, moj sin će se smrznuti na putu do škole bez rukavica.

Croatian often does not use a dummy subject in weather expressions.

So English says if it gets colder, but Croatian can simply say ako ... zahladi. The verb itself already gives a complete weather meaning here: zahladi = it gets colder / the weather turns colder.

That is completely normal Croatian.

After conjunctions like ako = if, Croatian usually uses the present tense, not the future, for a future condition.

So:

• Ako do sutra još zahladi... = If it gets even colder by tomorrow...
• not usually Ako će do sutra...

This is actually similar to English, which also normally says If it gets colder, not If it will get colder.

Also, zahladi is a perfective present form, which often refers to a single future change in subordinate clauses like this.

Zahladi comes from zahladiti (se) and means to turn colder, to get colder, or to cool down in terms of weather.

In this sentence it is used impersonally, so it refers to the weather:

• zahladi = it gets colder / it turns colder

It is not just a general description like it is cold. It describes a change.

Here još means even more, further, or still depending on how you translate it.

So:

• još zahladi = it gets even colder

Without još, the sentence would simply say if it gets colder by tomorrow.
With još, the speaker suggests that it is already cold, and it may become colder still.

Do sutra means by tomorrow or until tomorrow, depending on context.

In this sentence, the most natural meaning is:

• do sutra = by tomorrow

The preposition do often marks an endpoint in time or space.

Compare:

• do sutra = by/until tomorrow
• do škole = to school / as far as school

The verb is smrznuti se, and you should learn it as a single unit.

In this kind of sentence, smrznuti se means to freeze, to get frozen, or in everyday speech to be freezing cold.

The se is a clitic and is part of the verb’s normal form here. Without se, smrznuti often has a different use, for example a transitive meaning such as to freeze something.

So:

• smrznuti se = to freeze / get frozen
• će se smrznuti = will freeze

Not necessarily.

In everyday Croatian, smrznuti se is often used the same way English speakers say I’m freezing or He’ll freeze out there. It can be dramatic or hyperbolic, not always literal death.

So in this sentence, it most likely means:

• he’ll be extremely cold
• he’ll freeze

The exact strength depends on context and tone.

This phrase means on the way to school.

It has two parts:

• na putu = on the way
• do škole = to school

Grammar:

• na putu uses na
  • locative
• putu is the locative singular of put = way, road, journey
• do škole uses do
  • genitive
• škole is the genitive singular of škola

So literally, it is something like on the way to school.

Because bez = without takes the genitive case.

The basic noun is:

• rukavice = gloves

After bez, it becomes:

• bez rukavica = without gloves

Here rukavica is the genitive plural form.

So this is a very common pattern:

• bez šećera = without sugar
• bez problema = without problems
• bez rukavica = without gloves

Yes. Both are standard Croatian future forms.

You can say:

• Moj sin će se smrznuti
• Moj sin smrznut će se

When the infinitive comes before će, its final -i is dropped:

• smrznuti → smrznut će

The version in your sentence, će se smrznuti, is very common and neutral.

Croatian word order is fairly flexible, but not completely free.

This sentence has a natural, neutral order:

• Ako do sutra još zahladi, moj sin će se smrznuti na putu do škole bez rukavica.

You can move some parts for emphasis, especially phrases like bez rukavica or na putu do škole, but the clitics će and se follow special placement rules and cannot just go anywhere.

For example, a different emphasis might give:

• Moj sin će se bez rukavica smrznuti na putu do škole.

That is possible, but the original version sounds very natural and straightforward.

Because the sentence begins with an if-clause:

• Ako do sutra još zahladi, ...

In Croatian, when a subordinate clause comes before the main clause, it is normally separated by a comma.

So the structure is:

• subordinate clause: Ako do sutra još zahladi
• main clause: moj sin će se smrznuti na putu do škole bez rukavica

That comma is standard punctuation.