Die argitek pas die bouplan aan en maak dit sodoende duidelik.

Because the full verb is aanpas, a separable verb meaning to adapt / adjust / modify.

In a main clause in Afrikaans, the finite verb usually comes in the second position, and the separable part moves to the end:

• Die argitek pas die bouplan aan.

But when the verb is not split, it stays together:

• infinitive: om die bouplan aan te pas
• subordinate clause: omdat die argitek die bouplan aanpas

So pas ... aan is the normal main-clause form of aanpas.

Not always. Pas on its own can have other meanings, such as fit, suit, or match, depending on context.

But aanpas specifically means to adapt, adjust, or modify.

So in this sentence:

• pas ... aan = modifies / adjusts

That is different from just using pas by itself.

Because die is the definite article the in Afrikaans.

Afrikaans does not change the article for gender the way some other languages do. So:

• die argitek = the architect
• die bouplan = the building plan

The same word die is used for singular definite nouns and also for plural definite nouns in many cases.

Bouplan is a compound noun:

• bou = building / build
• plan = plan

So bouplan literally means building plan or building blueprint / design plan, depending on context.

Afrikaans, like Dutch and German, often writes compound nouns as one word. That is very normal. English often writes similar combinations as two words, but Afrikaans usually joins them.

This is a common Afrikaans structure:

• maak iets duidelik = make something clear

Here:

• maak = makes
• dit = it
• duidelik = clear

So maak dit duidelik means makes it clear.

The verb maak is being used in a causative/result sense: the architect does something to the plan, and as a result, it becomes clear.

Dit refers back to die bouplan.

Instead of repeating die bouplan, Afrikaans uses the pronoun dit:

• Die argitek pas die bouplan aan en maak dit sodoende duidelik.

So the meaning is that the architect adjusts the building plan and thereby makes it clear.

Afrikaans does not have grammatical gender like Dutch or German, so using dit for an inanimate thing like bouplan is completely normal.

Sodoende means something like:

• thereby
• by doing so
• in that way
• as a result

It connects the first action with the result in the second action.

So in this sentence, the idea is:

• the architect adjusts the plan,
• and by doing so, makes it clear.

It is a fairly formal or polished linking word, but very useful.

This order is natural Afrikaans word order.

The main points are:

1. maak is the finite verb, so it comes early in the clause.
2. dit is the object pronoun, and object pronouns often come fairly early.
3. sodoende is an adverb.
4. duidelik is the complement describing the result.

So the structure is roughly:

• maak
  • dit
    • sodoende
      • duidelik

Afrikaans is often quite flexible with adverbs, but this version sounds natural and standard.

Because duidelik is being used predicatively, not directly before a noun.

Compare:

• 'n duidelike bouplan = a clear building plan
  Here the adjective comes before a noun, so it often takes -e.

• Die bouplan is duidelik = The plan is clear
  Here the adjective is predicative, so it stays duidelik.

In your sentence, duidelik is part of the pattern maak iets duidelik, so the form without -e is correct.

It can be left out because the subject is the same as in the first clause: die argitek.

So:

• Die argitek pas die bouplan aan en maak dit sodoende duidelik.

means:

• The architect adjusts the building plan and makes it clear.

Afrikaans often omits the repeated subject in coordinated clauses when it is obvious and unchanged. You could say en hy maak, but it is often unnecessary.

Yes. En is the normal coordinating conjunction and.

It joins two coordinated actions:

• pas die bouplan aan
• maak dit sodoende duidelik

Because en is a coordinating conjunction, it does not push the verb to the end. That is why the second verb appears as maak, not in some end position.

You would see that in an infinitive or subordinate clause.

For example:

• Die argitek probeer om die bouplan aan te pas.
• Ek sien dat die argitek die bouplan aanpas.

In those examples, aanpas stays together, or appears in the infinitive form aan te pas.

So this sentence is a very useful example of how separable verbs behave differently depending on clause type.