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Croatian

Checking out at a Croatian supermarket involves a few specific terms, from handling your groceries to completing your payment. Let's look at the essentials for navigating the register.

### Baskets and Cashiers

When you are done shopping, you will take your shopping basket (*košarica*) to the cashier (*blagajnica*).

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Before we look at more interactions, let's introduce a handy grammar tool. In Croatian, the word *se* can be used with a verb to create an **impersonal or passive construction**. This translates closely to "it is [verb]ed" in English, such as *smatra se* (it is believed) or *očekuje se* (it is expected).

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### Barcodes and Machines

At the register, the cashier will scan the barcode (*barkod*) on your items using a scanner or machine (*aparat*).

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Here is another example of the impersonal *se*, this time using *pretpostavljati* (to assume):

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### Contactless Payments

If you are paying by card, the store will likely have a contactless (*beskontaktni*) machine. You just need to tap (*prisloniti*) your card against the reader.

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For larger purchases, the machine may prompt you to enter (*unijeti*) your PIN (*pin*).

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### Cash and Coins

If you prefer physical money, it is always appreciated when you can provide exact or small change (*sitniš*). You will often receive your change back in coins (*kovanica*).

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Supermarket Checkout

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Question	Answer
shopping basket	košarica
Where is my shopping basket?	Gdje je moja košarica?
My shopping basket is much fuller than yours.	Moja košarica je puno punija nego tvoja.
impersonal/passive 'se' (it is ...)	se
cashier (f)	blagajnica
It is believed that a cashier must be fast.	Smatra se da blagajnica mora biti brza.
The cashier took it immediately.	Blagajnica ju je odmah uzela.
barcode	barkod
It is assumed that this barcode is not valid.	Pretpostavlja se da ovaj barkod nije važeći.
The cashier cannot scan it.	Blagajnica ga ne može skenirati.
device, machine (e.g. a card reader)	aparat
It is claimed that the new machine is much better.	Tvrdi se da je novi aparat puno bolji.
contactless	beskontaktni
This contactless machine is much faster.	Ovaj beskontaktni aparat je puno brži.
Your old contactless machine was much worse.	Vaš stari beskontaktni aparat bio je puno gori.
to tap (a card)	prisloniti
Just tap the card on the machine.	Samo prislonite karticu na aparat.
You have to tap it again.	Morate ju opet prisloniti.
to enter (data)	unijeti
PIN	pin
Now you must enter your PIN.	Sada morate unijeti svoj pin.
It is assumed that you know your PIN.	Pretpostavlja se da znate svoj pin.
Please, enter it slowly.	Molim vas, unesite ga polako.
I forgot it and that is a problem.	Zaboravio sam ga i to je problem.
small change	sitniš
It is expected that you have small change.	Očekuje se da imate sitniš.
coin	kovanica
The cashier returned one coin to us.	Blagajnica nam je vratila jednu kovanicu.
Excuse me, but the cashier does not have small change.	Oprostite, ali blagajnica nema sitniš.
That is why he always leaves it here.	Zato ga uvijek ostavlja ovdje.
At the checkout, you can scan the barcode and pay with coins.	Na blagajni možete skenirati barkod i platiti kovanicama.
to get done, to carry out	obaviti
I got the shopping done before work.	Obavila sam kupovinu prije posla.
Today I have to get a lot of things done.	Danas moram obaviti puno stvari.

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