Learn Romanian: Faptul că plouă nu este o problemă. - The fact that it's raining is not a problem.

Fapt means "fact", and the -ul at the end is the Romanian definite article meaning "the" for singular masculine and neuter nouns. Together, faptul că translates perfectly to the English phrase "the fact that".

Where is the word for "it" in plouă (it's raining)?

In Romanian, you don't need a dummy pronoun like "it" when talking about the weather. You just use the verb directly. Plouă on its own means "it rains" or "it is raining".

Could I use the shorter word e instead of este?

Yes, you can! Nu e o problemă is very common in spoken Romanian. E and este both mean "is" and are completely interchangeable in this sentence.

Why is it o problemă and not un problemă?

Problemă is a feminine noun, which is common for words ending in the letter -ă. Because it is feminine, it uses the feminine word for "a", which is o.