Mi hermana hizo un boceto rápido del lienzo que más le gustó.

Spanish often uses hacer with creative things like:

• hacer un dibujo = to make a drawing
• hacer un boceto = to make a sketch
• hacer una foto = to take a photo

So hizo un boceto is a very natural way to say made/did a sketch.

You could also say dibujó un boceto, but hizo un boceto sounds very normal and idiomatic.

Boceto means sketch, usually a quick or preliminary drawing.

It suggests something less finished than:

• dibujo = drawing
• pintura = painting

So un boceto rápido gives the idea of a fast, rough sketch, not a polished final artwork.

Because rápido here describes the noun boceto.

• un boceto rápido = a quick sketch

If you used rápidamente, it would describe how she did the action:

• hizo un boceto rápidamente = she made a sketch quickly

So:

• rápido = modifies boceto
• rápidamente = modifies hizo

Both are possible, but they mean slightly different things.

In Spanish, adjectives often come after the noun.

So:

• un boceto rápido = a quick sketch

That is the most neutral, natural order.

If an adjective comes before the noun, it can sometimes sound more literary, subjective, or emphatic. For a straightforward description, Spanish usually prefers noun + adjective.

Del is the contraction of:

• de + el = del

So:

• del lienzo = of the canvas

Spanish uses this contraction whenever de is followed by el.

Exception: if El is part of a proper name, you do not contract it, for example:

• de El Escorial

But here el lienzo is just a normal noun phrase, so del is required.

Lienzo is a masculine noun, so it takes el.

It usually means canvas, especially in an artistic context. Depending on context, it can also refer to a canvas painting, but here canvas is the most direct reading.

So:

• el lienzo = the canvas

Literally, it is something like:

• that pleased her the most

This is because gustar works differently from English to like.

In English:

• she liked the canvas

In Spanish:

• the canvas pleased her
• el lienzo le gustó

So el lienzo que más le gustó means:

• the canvas that she liked the most
• literally: the canvas that pleased her the most

Because gustar takes an indirect object pronoun, not a direct object pronoun, for the person who experiences the liking.

So:

• le gustó = it pleased her/him
• les gustó = it pleased them / you all

Here, le refers to mi hermana.

A native English speaker often expects something like she liked it, but Spanish structures it differently:

• A mi hermana le gustó el lienzo
• literally: To my sister, the canvas was pleasing

That is why le is correct.

Le refers to mi hermana.

So the second part means that the canvas was the one she liked most.

Even though mi hermana appears earlier in the sentence, Spanish can still use le later to refer back to her.

Because the grammatical subject of gustó is singular: el lienzo.

With gustar, the thing liked is the subject.

So:

• le gustó el lienzo = she liked the canvas
• le gustaron los lienzos = she liked the canvases

In this sentence, the relevant noun is singular:

• el lienzo que más le gustó

So the verb is singular: gustó.

Gustó is the preterite, which presents the liking as a completed event or reaction.

Here it suggests something like:

• among several canvases, there was one that she ended up liking the most

Gustaba would sound more like an ongoing or habitual feeling, or background description.

Compare:

• el lienzo que más le gustó = the canvas she liked the most
• el lienzo que más le gustaba = the canvas she liked best / used to like best / was liking most, depending on context

In this sentence, gustó sounds natural because it points to a specific completed preference.

Más means more / most, and here it creates a superlative idea:

• el que más le gustó = the one she liked the most

So que más le gustó means:

• that she liked most

It implies comparison with other possible canvases.

Here que is a relative pronoun meaning that / which.

It refers back to el lienzo:

• el lienzo que más le gustó
• the canvas that she liked the most

So the clause que más le gustó gives more information about lienzo.

A little, but not in a way that usually causes confusion.

The most natural reading is:

• My sister made a quick sketch of the canvas that she liked the most.

That means:

1. there were probably several canvases
2. she preferred one of them
3. she made a quick sketch of that one

The relative clause que más le gustó is understood to modify lienzo, not boceto.

Because mi already functions as a determiner.

In Spanish, you normally do not combine a possessive like mi with an article in this kind of phrase.

So:

• mi hermana = my sister

not:

• la mi hermana in standard modern Spanish

Yes, but that would be a different sentence structure.

Your original sentence packs the idea into a relative clause:

• del lienzo que más le gustó = of the canvas that she liked the most

A reworded version could be:

• Mi hermana hizo un boceto rápido del lienzo que más le gustó.
• A mi hermana le gustó más ese lienzo, e hizo un boceto rápido de él.

The original is more compact and natural for written narration.

Here de is best understood as of:

• un boceto del lienzo = a sketch of the canvas

It shows what the sketch depicts.

It is not really from in this sentence.

Possibly, but the nuance changes.

• lienzo = canvas
• cuadro = painting / picture

So:

• del lienzo focuses on the physical canvas or artwork as an object
• del cuadro would usually mean of the painting

If the intended meaning is specifically canvas, then lienzo is the better choice.

Yes, it sounds natural.

It has a normal narrative structure:

• Mi hermana hizo...
• object phrase: un boceto rápido
• complement: del lienzo
• relative clause: que más le gustó

A speaker from Spain would understand it easily and find it standard.