Para um trabalho da escola, a professora trouxe tesoura e cola para toda a turma.

Because it introduces two different ideas:

• Para um trabalho da escola = for a school assignment / for a school project
  Here, para shows purpose.
• ...trouxe tesoura e cola para toda a turma = ...brought scissors and glue for the whole class
  Here, para shows the intended recipients.

So both are natural, even though English might avoid repeating for.

Here, trabalho means something like:

• assignment
• project
• school task

So um trabalho da escola is not literally a job of the school. It usually means a piece of schoolwork students have to do.

Depending on context, it could be translated as a school assignment or a school project.

Both patterns exist in Portuguese, but they are used a little differently.

• trabalho da escola = literally school’s assignment / assignment from school, very natural in everyday speech
• trabalho escolar = school assignment, also correct and common

The version with da escola sounds very natural in conversation and emphasizes that the assignment is connected to school.

In Portuguese, it is very common to use definite articles before nouns, including professions and people being identified in context:

• a professora
• o professor
• a menina
• o médico

So a professora trouxe... is just the normal way to say the teacher brought...

In English, we do not always think much about this, but in Portuguese articles are used very frequently.

Trouxe is the preterite (simple past) form of trazer = to bring.

This verb is irregular:

• trazer = to bring
• eu trouxe = I brought
• ela trouxe = she brought

So:

• a professora trouxe = the teacher brought

This is just a form you need to memorize.

Because Portuguese treats tesoura differently from English.

In English, scissors is normally plural in form.
In Portuguese, tesoura is usually a normal singular noun meaning a pair of scissors.

So:

• uma tesoura = a pair of scissors
• duas tesouras = two pairs of scissors

That is why tesoura e cola is perfectly natural.

Portuguese often leaves out articles when talking about items in a general or indefinite way.

So:

• trouxe tesoura e cola = brought scissors and glue / some scissors and glue

This sounds like she brought those materials as supplies, not that the sentence is focusing on one specific pair of scissors and one specific glue item.

If you added articles, the meaning could become more specific:

• trouxe a tesoura e a cola = brought the scissors and the glue
  (specific ones already known in context)

In Portuguese, expressions like todo/toda + noun often take the definite article when you mean the whole ...

So:

• toda a turma = the whole class
• todo o dia = the whole day or every day, depending on context
• toda a família = the whole family

Without the article, the phrase often sounds less natural here or can shift the meaning.

Yes. That is also very natural.

These are both common:

• para toda a turma
• para a turma toda

They both mean for the whole class.

The difference is mainly stylistic:

• toda a turma is a bit more neutral/formal
• a turma toda is very common in everyday speech

Turma usually means:

• class
• group of students
• sometimes more generally group

In this sentence, toda a turma means the whole class, meaning all the students.

Yes, the word order is very natural.

The sentence is structured like this:

• Para um trabalho da escola = sets the context/purpose
• a professora trouxe = subject + verb
• tesoura e cola = what she brought
• para toda a turma = who it was for

You could move parts around, but the given version sounds normal and clear. Portuguese allows some flexibility, but this order is very standard.

By itself, it most naturally means the materials were brought for the whole class, but it does not precisely say how much.

It could mean:

• enough materials to be shared by everyone, or
• enough for all students individually

The sentence focuses on who the materials were intended for, not on the exact quantity. The context would tell you more.

Usually cola means glue in a general sense.

It does not specify the exact type unless more words are added, for example:

• cola em bastão = glue stick
• cola branca = white glue
• cola líquida = liquid glue

So in this sentence, cola is just glue as a school supply.