A professora discordou do resultado e pediu para revisar a última resposta.

Because the verb discordar normally takes the preposition de:

• discordar de algo = to disagree with something

Here, resultado is a specific masculine singular noun, so it uses the article o.
de + o contracts to do:

• de + o = do

So:

• discordou do resultado = disagreed with the result

This kind of contraction is very common in Portuguese.

Discordou is the pretérito perfeito (simple past), which usually describes a completed action in the past.

So the sentence presents a sequence of finished actions:

• she disagreed
• and then she asked for the last answer to be reviewed

If it said discordava, it would sound more ongoing, habitual, or backgrounded in the past.
If it said discorda, it would be present tense.

Yes. Portuguese uses definite articles much more often than English.

A professora means that the speaker has a specific teacher in mind. In many contexts, Portuguese naturally includes the article where English may or may not use one.

For example:

• A professora chegou. = The teacher arrived.
• A Maria falou comigo. = Maria spoke to me.
  (In Brazilian Portuguese, articles before names are also common in many regions.)

So A professora sounds completely natural.

In Brazilian Portuguese, pedir para + infinitive is a very common structure.

It often means:

• to ask someone to do something
• or more loosely to request that something be done

So pediu para revisar a última resposta means she requested a review of the last answer, or asked for someone to review it.

A more explicit version could be:

• pediu para alguém revisar a última resposta = asked someone to review the last answer

The sentence does not say explicitly.

That is one of the most important things to notice here. In Portuguese, after pedir para + infinitive, the person who will do the action is often left unstated if it is obvious from context.

So this could mean:

• she asked someone else to review the last answer
• she asked for the last answer to be reviewed
• depending on context, it could even sometimes suggest that she asked to review it, though that is less likely in many situations

In short: the sentence leaves the doer of revisar implicit.

Because para + infinitive is a very common and natural way to express purpose or a requested action in Brazilian Portuguese.

So:

• pediu para revisar = asked to review / asked for someone to review

A clause with para que or que + subjunctive is also possible in other contexts, but it is usually more explicit or more formal.

For example:

• pediu que revisassem a última resposta = asked that they review the last answer

That version clearly shows a subordinate clause, while para revisar is shorter and very natural in everyday Brazilian Portuguese.

Because revisar is in the infinitive.

In Portuguese, infinitives often appear without an explicit subject when the subject is:

• understood from context
• generic
• unimportant
• or intentionally left vague

That is exactly what is happening here. The sentence focuses on the request itself, not on who will carry out the review.

Here revisar means something like:

• review
• check
• go over
• inspect
• correct

For English speakers, this can be a small vocabulary trap. Portuguese revisar often matches English review/check very well.

Depending on context:

• revisar um texto = review/check a text
• revisar uma resposta = review/check an answer
• revisar um carro = inspect/service a car

So in this sentence, it means to look over the last answer again, probably to verify or correct it.

Because última resposta refers to a specific answer, not just any answer.

Portuguese often uses the definite article with specific direct objects:

• revisar a resposta = review the answer
• revisar uma resposta = review an answer

Here, a última resposta means a particular final/last answer that is already identifiable in the context.

Because that is the normal and most natural order here.

Último/última often comes before the noun when it means last in a sequence:

• a última resposta = the last answer
• o último capítulo = the last chapter

Putting it after the noun is unusual in everyday speech and can sound literary or give a different nuance.

So a última resposta is the standard choice.

They are different nouns:

• resultado = result, outcome
• resposta = answer, response

So the teacher did not agree with the result, and then asked for the last answer to be reviewed.

That may suggest a context like:

• a test
• an exercise
• a calculation
• a graded activity

where the result may have come from one or more answers.

Yes.

The subject A professora applies to both finite verbs:

• A professora discordou
• (A professora) pediu

Portuguese often omits repeated subjects when they are already clear.

So the structure is:

• A professora = subject
• discordou = first action
• e pediu = second action by the same subject

That omission is very normal in Portuguese.