Je dépose mon fils à l’école avant le travail.

Yes. In everyday French, déposer quelqu’un quelque part often means to drop someone off somewhere.

So Je dépose mon fils à l’école means I drop my son off at school.

A few useful comparisons:

• déposer = to drop off, to put down, to leave somewhere
• laisser = to leave
• emmener = to take someone somewhere
• apporter = to bring something

In this sentence, déposer is very natural because it suggests taking him there and leaving him there.

French normally uses a possessive adjective before family members:

• mon fils = my son
• ma fille = my daughter
• mon père = my father

You do not say le mien fils.
That is not how French expresses possession before a noun.

Also, you usually need the possessive here. Just fils by itself would not work in this sentence.

À is the preposition used here for to / at a place like school.

• à l’école = to school / at school

It becomes à l’ because école starts with a vowel, so:

• à + l’école → à l’école

Compare:

• à la maison = at home
• à l’université = at the university
• au bureau = to/at the office

Because French usually uses à with destinations and common locations like school, work, home, the office, etc.

• à l’école = at school / to school

Dans l’école would mean more literally inside the school building, and that is not the normal choice for the general idea of taking someone to school.

So:

• Je dépose mon fils à l’école = I drop my son off at school
• Je suis dans l’école = I am inside the school

Because travail normally needs an article here.

• avant le travail = before work

French often uses an article in places where English does not:

• avant le déjeuner = before lunch
• après le dîner = after dinner
• pendant la journée = during the day

So even though English says before work, French says before the work.

It can suggest either, depending on context.

Most naturally, Je dépose mon fils à l’école avant le travail means something like:

• I drop my son off at school before work
• in other words, this is part of my morning routine before I go to work

French often leaves this kind of detail implied, just like English does.

It is the present tense of déposer:

• je dépose = I drop off / I am dropping off

In French, the present tense can express:

1. a habit or routine

   • Je dépose mon fils à l’école avant le travail.
   • I drop my son off at school before work.

2. something happening now

   • I’m dropping my son off at school.

Usually, without more context, this sentence sounds like a routine.

French present tense is broader than English present tense.
Je dépose can cover both:

• I drop off
• I am dropping off

English often chooses between simple present and present continuous, but French often just uses the present and lets context do the work.

The word order is:

• Je = subject
• dépose = verb
• mon fils = direct object
• à l’école = place/destination
• avant le travail = time

So the structure is basically:

Subject + Verb + Object + Place + Time

That is a very common French sentence pattern.

Yes.

In Je dépose mon fils à l’école:

• mon fils is the person being dropped off, so it is the direct object
• à l’école tells you where

That matters because if you replace mon fils with a pronoun, you use a direct object pronoun:

• Je dépose mon fils à l’école.
• Je le dépose à l’école. = I drop him off at school.

You could, but it does not mean exactly the same thing.

• Je dépose mon fils à l’école = I drop my son off at school
• Je laisse mon fils à l’école = I leave my son at school

Laisser focuses more on leaving him there.
Déposer is the more natural choice for the idea of dropping someone off.

You put ne ... pas around the conjugated verb:

• Je ne dépose pas mon fils à l’école avant le travail.

Meaning:

• I do not drop my son off at school before work.

In everyday spoken French, the ne is often dropped:

• Je dépose pas mon fils à l’école avant le travail.

But in standard written French, keep ne ... pas.

A careful pronunciation would be roughly:

zhuh day-POHZ mon feess ah lay-KOHL ah-VAHN luh tra-VAI

A few key points:

• Je sounds like zhuh
• dépose has a z sound in the middle: day-POHZ
• fils here is usually pronounced feess
• à l’école links smoothly together
• avant has a nasal vowel: ah-VAHN
• travail sounds roughly like tra-VAI

In natural speech, the whole sentence flows quite smoothly.

Yes. French allows that:

• Avant le travail, je dépose mon fils à l’école.

This puts a little more emphasis on the time expression.

Both versions are correct:

• Je dépose mon fils à l’école avant le travail.
• Avant le travail, je dépose mon fils à l’école.

The original version is very natural and neutral.