Hvis vi får en stor høst i år, vil min nabo lære os at lave suppe af græskar og gemme frøene til næste forår.

Hvis means if, so this opening part is a conditional clause.

• Hvis vi får en stor høst i år = If we get a big harvest this year
• It sets up the condition for what will happen in the main clause.

So the sentence is built like this:

• Conditional clause: Hvis vi får en stor høst i år
• Main clause: vil min nabo lære os at lave suppe af græskar og gemme frøene til næste forår

This is very common in Danish, just like in English:

• If X happens, Y will happen.

Danish often uses the present tense after hvis when talking about the future, just like English does.

Compare:

• Danish: Hvis vi får en stor høst i år ...
• English: If we get a big harvest this year ...

You would not normally say:

• Hvis vi vil få ... for this meaning

So får is present tense in form, but future in meaning because the context is conditional and refers to i år.

Here vil means will, marking the future:

• vil min nabo lære os ... = my neighbor will teach us ...

In other contexts, vil can also mean wants to, depending on the sentence. But here it clearly gives a future meaning because it follows the if-clause.

This is because Danish follows the verb-second rule in main clauses.

When the sentence starts with something other than the subject, the finite verb comes before the subject in the main clause.

Here the sentence starts with the if-clause:

• Hvis vi får en stor høst i år, ...

So in the main clause, Danish puts the verb first:

• vil min nabo lære os ...

If the main clause stood alone, it would be:

• Min nabo vil lære os ...

But after the fronted clause, it becomes:

• Hvis ..., vil min nabo ...

This is a very important Danish word-order pattern.

Høst means harvest.

• en høst = a harvest
• en stor høst = a big harvest

It is common to use stor with høst to talk about the size or success of what was harvested.

So this phrase means:

• a large harvest
• or more naturally, a big harvest

I år means this year.

• i
  • time period is very common in Danish:
    • i dag = today
    • i morgen = tomorrow
    • i år = this year

So:

• en stor høst i år = a big harvest this year

This is just the normal Danish expression.

Lære means teach or learn, depending on how it is used.

Here it means teach, because it has an object:

• lære os = teach us

Then at lave means to make.

So:

• lære os at lave suppe = teach us to make soup

This pattern is very common:

• lære nogen at gøre noget = teach someone to do something

Examples:

• Hun lærer mig at køre. = She is teaching me to drive.
• Han lærte os at bage. = He taught us to bake.

Sometimes Danish can omit at after lære, especially in more informal or spoken language, but lære os at lave suppe is very standard and clear.

For a learner, it is safest to use:

• lære nogen at gøre noget

So in this sentence, lære os at lave is a very natural choice.

Af here means from/out of, while med means with.

• suppe af græskar = pumpkin soup or more literally soup made from pumpkin
• suppe med græskar would sound more like soup with pumpkin in it

So af focuses on what the soup is made from. That is why it fits well here.

Græskar means pumpkin.

In this sentence, af græskar is best understood as made from pumpkin in a general material sense, not necessarily counting individual pumpkins.

So even though English often says pumpkin soup, Danish uses:

• suppe af græskar

You do not need a plural ending here.

Yes. Og gemme is coordinated with at lave.

The structure is:

• lære os at lave suppe af græskar
• og gemme frøene til næste forår

So the meaning is:

• teach us to make pumpkin soup and save the seeds for next spring

The at logically covers both infinitives:

• at lave
• (at) gemme

Danish often avoids repeating at when two infinitives are linked by og.

Frøene is the definite plural form: the seeds.

The noun is:

• et frø = a seed
• frø = seeds / seed in some contexts
• frøene = the seeds

Here the sentence refers to the seeds from the pumpkins, so Danish uses the definite form:

• gemme frøene = save the seeds

Be careful not to confuse this with frøer, which means frogs.

Til here means for in the sense of for use at a later time.

• gemme frøene til næste forår = save the seeds for next spring

This means the seeds are being kept until that time, probably to plant them then.

If you said i næste forår, that would point more to something happening in next spring, not something being saved for next spring.

So til is exactly the right preposition here.

In Danish, time expressions like next year, next week, next spring usually do not need an article.

So:

• næste forår = next spring
• næste år = next year
• næste uge = next week

That is the normal pattern.

When a noun has a possessive like min, din, hans, vores, etc., Danish normally does not add the definite ending.

So:

• min nabo = my neighbor
• not min naboen

This is similar to English, where we say my neighbor, not my the neighbor.

Compare:

• naboen = the neighbor
• min nabo = my neighbor

A few words may stand out to English speakers:

• hvis: the h is usually silent, so it sounds roughly like vis
• får: the å is a rounded vowel, somewhat like the vowel in British more, but not exactly
• høst: ø is a front rounded vowel with no exact English equivalent
• græskar: æ is like the vowel in cat, but often a bit more open
• frøene: contains ø again, and the ending may be reduced in fast speech
• forår: often pronounced more smoothly than the spelling suggests, with the two parts running together

The special vowels are:

• æ
• ø
• å

These are very important in Danish pronunciation, so this sentence is actually good practice for all three.

Yes, it is natural and grammatical Danish.

A native speaker might make small stylistic changes depending on context, but the sentence as written is completely normal. For example, someone might also say:

• Hvis vi får en stor høst i år, vil min nabo lære os at lave græskarsuppe og gemme frøene til næste forår.

Here græskarsuppe is a compound noun meaning pumpkin soup, which is also very natural in Danish.

So the original sentence is good, and it also teaches useful grammar:

• conditional hvis
• future vil
• verb-second word order
• lære nogen at ...
• coordinated infinitives
• definite plural frøene