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### Quantities and the Genitive Case

When you want to express quantities without using exact numbers, you use indefinite quantifiers such as **malo** (a little), **puno** (a lot), **mnogo** (much/many), **dosta** (enough), and **previše** (too much).

In Croatian, these words force the noun that follows them into the **genitive case**. When referring to uncountable things like food or materials, you will usually use the genitive singular.

### Feminine Nouns in the Genitive

For feminine nouns that end in **-a** in their dictionary form, the genitive singular ending changes to **-e**.
- **hrana** (food) becomes **hrane**
- **mrkva** (carrot) becomes **mrkve**

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### Masculine and Neuter Nouns in the Genitive

Most masculine nouns (which typically end in a consonant) and neuter nouns (which end in **-o** or **-e**) take the ending **-a** in the genitive singular.
- **maslac** (butter) becomes **maslaca**
- **brašno** (flour) becomes **brašna**
- **limun** (lemon) becomes **limuna**

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### The Fleeting "a"

Some masculine nouns that end in certain consonant pairs (often **-ar** or **-ac**) contain an **a** in their final syllable that disappears when you add a grammatical ending. This is called the "fleeting a". 

For example, the final **a** in the word **papar** (pepper) drops out entirely when adding the genitive ending, becoming **papra**.

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### Counting with "Nekoliko"

When you use the quantifier **nekoliko** (a few / several), you are talking about countable items. This means the noun must be placed in the genitive *plural*. 

For feminine nouns like **minuta** (minute), the genitive plural ending happens to be **-a** (making the plural genitive form **minuta**).

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### Expressing Absence (Nema)

Just like indefinite quantifiers, the word **nema** (there is not / there are not) also forces the following noun into the genitive case because it describes an amount—in this case, zero.

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Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Plural instrumental nouns (-ima, -ama)

Question	Answer
food	hrana
We have a lot of food for dinner.	Imamo puno hrane za večeru.
There is not much food at home.	Doma nema mnogo hrane.
minute	minuta
I must wait a few minutes.	Moram čekati nekoliko minuta.
Do you have a few minutes?	Imate li nekoliko minuta?
butter	maslac
He eats too much butter.	On jede previše maslaca.
I want only a little butter for breakfast.	Želim samo malo maslaca za doručak.
flour	brašno
I need a lot of flour for this cake.	Trebam puno brašna za ovaj kolač.
There is not enough flour.	Nema dosta brašna.
honey	med
I am drinking tea and I need a little honey.	Pijem čaj i trebam malo meda.
The girl is buying a lot of honey.	Djevojka kupuje puno meda.
lemon	limun
Grandpa has a lot of lemons.	Djed ima mnogo limuna.
Do you want a little lemon for the juice?	Želite li malo limuna za sok?
pepper	papar
There is too much pepper.	Ima previše papra.
I need only a little pepper.	Trebam samo malo papra.
carrot	mrkva
They eat a lot of carrots.	Oni jedu puno mrkve.
We have enough carrots for lunch.	Imamo dosta mrkve za ručak.
potato	krumpir
The restaurant needs a lot of potatoes.	Restoran treba puno krumpira.
We have only a little potato.	Imamo samo malo krumpira.
onion	luk
My brother wants a lot of onion.	Brat želi puno luka.
But there is no onion at home.	Ali doma nema luka.
part, portion	dio
This is a part of the city.	Ovo je dio grada.
A large part of the day I work.	Veliki dio dana radim.

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