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Croatian

### Hello, by time of day

Croatian greets you differently depending on the hour, and the three daytime greetings are built from **dobar** plus a time word:

| greeting | when |
|---|---|
| **dobro jutro** | good morning — until about 10 |
| **dobar dan** | good day — the workhorse, most of the day |
| **dobra večer** | good evening |
| **laku noć** | good night — only when parting for the night |

The endings differ because *jutro* is neuter, *dan* masculine and *večer* feminine. Learn each as one frozen unit; you are not choosing the ending yourself.

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### Bok: hello and goodbye at once

**bok** is the everyday informal greeting, and — like Italian *ciao* — it works both on arrival and on leaving. **hej** is even more casual.

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### Saying goodbye

**doviđenja** is the neutral, polite goodbye — safe with anyone. **zbogom** is final: it means *farewell*, for a parting you do not expect to undo, so do not use it when you will see the person tomorrow.

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### On the phone, and at the door

**halo** is for answering the telephone and nothing else. **dobrodošao** is *welcome*, said to someone arriving — it agrees like an adjective: *dobrodošao* to a man, *dobrodošla* to a woman.

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Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Plural instrumental nouns (-ima, -ama)

Question	Answer
hello (good day)	dobar dan
Hello! How are you?	Dobar dan! Kako ste?
Hello! Are you a doctor?	Dobar dan! Jeste li vi liječnik?
good morning	dobro jutro
Good morning! The coffee is warm.	Dobro jutro! Kava je topla.
Good morning! I am ready.	Dobro jutro! Ja sam spreman.
good evening	dobra večer
Good evening! The restaurant is open.	Dobra večer! Restoran je otvoren.
Good evening! We are hungry.	Dobra večer! Mi smo gladni.
good night	laku noć
Good night! I am tired.	Laku noć! Umoran sam.
Good night! The room is clean.	Laku noć! Soba je čista.
night	noć
The night is beautiful.	Noć je lijepa.
This is a cold night.	Ovo je hladna noć.
hi; bye (informal)	bok
Hi! How are you?	Bok! Kako si?
Hi! I am Ana.	Bok! Ja sam Ana.
hey	hej
Hey! Where are you?	Hej! Gdje si?
Hey, this is my book!	Hej, ovo je moja knjiga!
goodbye	doviđenja
Goodbye! You are a good neighbour.	Doviđenja! Vi ste dobar susjed.
Goodbye and thank you!	Doviđenja i hvala!
farewell (final goodbye)	zbogom
Farewell! This is a hard day.	Zbogom! Ovo je težak dan.
Farewell, my friend!	Zbogom, prijatelju!
hello (on the telephone)	halo
Hello! Who is that?	Halo! Tko je to?
Hello! Is this a hotel?	Halo! Je li ovo hotel?
welcome	dobrodošao
Welcome! This is our house.	Dobrodošao! Ovo je naša kuća.
Welcome! The room is ready.	Dobrodošli! Soba je spremna.
hello (neutral greeting)	zdravo
Hello! How are you?	Zdravo! Kako si?
Hello, this is my mother.	Zdravo, ovo je moja majka.

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