Breakdown of Se o juiz quiser, o advogado fará uma nova acusação.
novo
new / young
um
a / an / some (all forms)
querer
to want
fazer
to do
se
if
o juiz
the judge
o advogado
the lawyer
a acusação
the accusation
Questions & Answers about Se o juiz quiser, o advogado fará uma nova acusação.
Why do we use quiser instead of the present tense quer here?
The word se (if) triggers the Future Subjunctive when talking about a hypothetical event in the future. Because we don't know for sure if the judge will want it, we must use the Future Subjunctive quiser rather than the Present Indicative quer.
How is the form quiser made? It doesn't look like the infinitive querer.
For irregular verbs like querer, the Future Subjunctive is built from the 'they' form of the simple past tense (Pretérito Perfeito). The past tense 'they wanted' is eles quiseram. If you drop the -am ending, you get the stem quiser-, which gives us the Future Subjunctive form quiser (if he/she/it wants).
Why does the second part of the sentence use the future tense fará?
This sentence uses a classic grammar pattern for 'If X happens, Y will happen.' In Portuguese, the 'If' condition uses the Future Subjunctive (Se o juiz quiser), and the result uses the Future Indicative (o advogado fará).
Why is the adjective nova placed before the noun acusação?
Placing novo or nova before the noun usually means 'another' or 'a newly added one'. So, uma nova acusação implies the lawyer will make another accusation. If it were placed after the noun (uma acusação nova), it would emphasize that the accusation is entirely brand new or never heard before.
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