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Icelandic

### Starting an Action (*vera farinn að*)

To express that a state or action has started and is now an ongoing process or habit, Icelandic uses a construction that translates literally to "be gone to":

**vera** (conjugated) + **farinn** (declined) + **að** + infinitive verb

In English, this is usually translated as "have started to" or "have begun to."

### Agreement in the Singular

The word **farinn** acts like an adjective here. It must agree with the subject in gender and number. 

For masculine singular subjects (like *hann* or *maðurinn*), use **farinn**:

{{item:1072950}}

For feminine singular subjects (like *hún* or *konan*), use **farin**:

{{item:1072954}}

For neuter singular subjects (like *það* or *hárið*), use **farið**:

{{item:1072953}}

### Hair Care and Styling

This structure is extremely common when discussing ongoing changes in appearance or new routines, such as adopting a new hair care habit. 

{{item:1072959}}

{{item:1072972}}

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### Questions and the Plural

To ask a question, simply invert the subject and the conjugated verb *vera* (*er*, *ert*, *eru*, etc.):

{{item:1072961}}

When the subject is plural, *farinn* must also take a plural form. If you are addressing a group of males or a mixed-gender group, use the masculine plural form **farnir**:

{{item:1072968}}

Beginning an action (vera farinn að)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Presentative and the definite suffix (þetta er, -inn, -in, -ið)

Singular pronouns and to be (ég er, þú ert)

Singular adjective agreement

Yes/no questions (ert þú…?)

Basic negation (ekki)

Plural pronouns and to be (við erum, þeir eru)

Group 1 weak verbs (-ar)

Group 2 and 3 verbs (-ir, -ur)

Information questions (hvað, hver, hvar)

Expressing opinions (mér finnst, mér líkar)

Expressing desires (mig langar)

Numbers 1 to 10 (einn, tveir, þrír)

Direct objects on indefinite nouns

Direct objects on definite nouns

Singular object pronouns (mig, þig...)

Plural object pronouns (okkur, ykkur...)

Directional prepositions (um, í, á)

Verb-second word order

Expressing intentions (ætla að)

Needs and wants (þurfa, vilja)

Middle voice verbs (-st)

Possessive pronouns (minn, þinn)

Dative case with prepositions (í, á, frá)

Definite dative nouns (-num, -nni, -nu)

Dative personal pronouns (honum, henni, þeim)

Plural nouns (-ar, -ir, -ur)

Definite plural nouns (-nir, -nar, -in)

Accusative plural nouns

Number agreement 1 to 4 (einn, tveir…)

Singular commands

Past tense of the verb to be (var, vorum)

Present continuous (vera að)

Strong verbs in the present tense

Weather and dummy subjects (það)

Invariable possessive pronouns (hans, hennar, þeirra)

Accusative possessives (minn, þinn)

Accompaniment (með)

Dative plural (-um, -unum)

Compound sentences (og, en, eða)

"This" in the nominative (þessi, þessi, þetta)

"This" in the accusative (þennan, þessa, þetta)

Accusative adjectives (-an, -a, -t)

Numbers 1 to 4 in the accusative (einn, tvo, þrjá)

Third-person reflexive pronouns (sig, sér)

The preposition "to" with the genitive (til)

Subordinating conjunctions (að, af því að)

Simple past of weak verbs (-aði)

Question words (hvernig, hvaða)

Physical possession (vera með)

Abstract possession (hafa)

Telling time (hálf, korter)

Plural commands (-ið)

The simple past tense (-di, -ti, -ði)

Possessive noun endings (-s, -ar)

Days of the week (á mánudaginn, á mánudögum)

Kveðjur — greetings (halló, bless)

Um mig — where I am from

Kurteisi — please, sorry, congratulations

Ability and knowing how (kunna að)

Permission (mega)

Obligation (eiga að)

Plural strong verbs

Numbers 11 to 20 (ellefu, tólf...)

Counting by tens to 100 (þrjátíu, fjörutíu...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (fyrsti, annar...)

All / everything / everyone (allur)

The indefinite pronoun someone (einhver)

The indefinite pronoun no one (enginn)

Compound numbers from 21 (tuttugu og)

This in the dative singular (þessum, þessari, þessu)

These in the dative plural (þessum)

My and your in the dative (mínum, þínum)

Numbers 1 to 4 in the dative (einum, tveimur)

Adjectives in the dative singular (-um, -ri, -u)

Adjectives in the dative plural (-um)

Reflexive possessive in the accusative (sinn, sína, sitt)

Reflexive possessive in the dative (sínum, sinni)

Reflexive versus regular possessives (sinn, hans)

Demonstrative plural (þessir, þessar, þessi)

Definite genitive singular (-sins, -arinnar)

Indefinite genitive plural (-a)

Definite genitive plural (-anna)

Genitive prepositions (án, milli, vegna)

Prepositions of direction (yfir, undir, fyrir)

Prepositions of static location (yfir, undir, fyrir)

Question	Answer
to turn grey	grána
He has started to turn grey, but he is not old.	Hann er farinn að grána, en hann er ekki gamall.
Which man has started to turn grey so young?	Hvaða maður er farinn að grána svona ungur?
to thin	þynnast
His hair has started to thin a lot.	Hárið hans er farið að þynnast mikið.
The woman has started to groom herself better.	Konan er farin að snyrta sig betur.
to curl	krulla
Which hairdresser has started to curl the hair so well?	Hvaða hárgreiðslumaður er farinn að krulla hárið svona vel?
the hair straightener (n)	sléttujárnið
the hairspray (n)	hárlakkið
She has started to use the hair straightener and the hairspray.	Hún er farin að nota sléttujárnið og hárlakkið.
the dandruff (f)	flasan
Have you started to notice the dandruff?	Ertu farinn að taka eftir flösunni?
I have started to wash the hair with this expensive shampoo.	Ég er farinn að þvo hárið með þessu dýra sjampói.
I have started to get a lot of dandruff again.	Ég er farinn að fá mikla flasu aftur.
Do you need shampoo because you have started to get dandruff?	Vantar þig sjampó af því að þú ert farinn að fá flasu?
to dry	þorna
Her hair has started to dry too fast.	Hárið hennar er farið að þorna of hratt.
Has the hair finally started to dry?	Er hárið loksins farið að þorna?
Why have you started to use all the hairspray?	Af hverju eruð þið farnir að nota allt hárlakkið?
The woman has started to buy this hairspray more often.	Konan er farin að kaupa þetta hárlakk oftar.
She has started to burn herself on the hair straightener.	Hún er farin að brenna sig á sléttujárninu.
the highlights (f)	strípurnar
Mom has started to get herself light highlights.	Mamma er farin að fá sér ljósar strípur.
Which woman has started to dye the hair pink?	Hvaða kona er farin að lita hárið bleikt?
the scalp (m)	hársvörðurinn
The scalp has started to dry, how do I fix it?	Hársvörðurinn er farinn að þorna, hvernig laga ég það?
The hairdresser has started to massage the scalp well.	Hárgreiðslumaðurinn er farinn að nudda hársvörðinn vel.
the hair conditioner (f)	hárnæringin
The hair has started to thin out and I need the conditioner.	Hárið er farið að þynnast og mig vantar hárnæringuna.
The highlights are beautiful but she has started to use the conditioner and curl the hair.	Strípurnar eru fallegar en hún er farin að nota hárnæringuna og krulla hárið.