Aunque no tuvo la culpa, la profesora pidió perdón por cambiar la fecha a última hora.

With aunque, Spanish can use either the indicative or the subjunctive, depending on meaning.

Here, aunque no tuvo la culpa presents something as a real, known fact: she really was not to blame. That is why the indicative is used: tuvo.

Very roughly:

• aunque + indicative = even though / although, when the speaker treats it as true
• aunque + subjunctive = even if / even though, when it is uncertain, hypothetical, or not being presented as an established fact

So in this sentence, the speaker is saying: Although she wasn’t to blame...

Both come from tener, but they are different past tenses:

• tuvo = preterite
• tenía = imperfect

Here, tuvo la culpa refers to a specific situation with a completed result: in that incident, she was or was not to blame. Spanish often uses the preterite for that kind of completed, bounded event.

Compare:

• No tuvo la culpa = she was not to blame in that particular case
• No tenía la culpa = she wasn’t to blame / she used not to be to blame / she was not at fault at that time, with a more descriptive background feel

In this sentence, tuvo sounds more natural because it points to one concrete event.

Tener la culpa is a fixed expression meaning:

• to be to blame
• to be at fault

So:

• tuvo la culpa = was to blame
• no tuvo la culpa = was not to blame

The article la is part of the expression. Spanish normally says tener la culpa, not just tener culpa in this meaning.

Both are possible, but they are not exactly identical.

• pedir perdón = to ask for forgiveness
• disculparse = to apologise

Pidió perdón can sound a little stronger or more personal, because it focuses on asking the other person to forgive what happened.

So:

• La profesora pidió perdón = The teacher asked for forgiveness / apologised
• La profesora se disculpó = The teacher apologised

In many contexts, both work, but pedir perdón is a very common and natural way to express an apology in Spanish.

The preposition por is often used to mean for when giving the reason for an apology, thanks, punishment, criticism, etc.

So:

• pidió perdón por cambiar la fecha = she apologised for changing the date

After a preposition like por, Spanish uses the infinitive if the subject is the same as in the main verb.

Here, the teacher both:

• pidió perdón
• cambió la fecha

So Spanish uses:

• por cambiar

If the subject changed, Spanish would normally use a different structure, for example:

• pidió perdón por haber cambiado la fecha
• pidió perdón por el cambio de fecha

Yes. Both are possible, but there is a nuance.

• por cambiar la fecha = for changing the date
• por haber cambiado la fecha = for having changed the date

The version with haber + past participle sounds a bit more explicit about the action being completed before the apology. It can feel slightly more formal or more precise.

In everyday Spanish, por cambiar la fecha is completely natural and very common.

A última hora is an idiomatic expression meaning:

• at the last minute
• at the last moment

It does not usually mean literally at the final hour of the day here.

So:

• cambiar la fecha a última hora = to change the date at the last minute

This is a very common expression in Spanish.

No. Cambiar la fecha literally means to change the date.

That could mean:

• moving it later
• moving it earlier
• rescheduling it to a different day

So it is broader than postpone. If Spanish specifically wanted to say postpone, it might use:

• aplazar
• posponer

But cambiar la fecha is a very natural general way to talk about rescheduling.

The first part, Aunque no tuvo la culpa, is a subordinate clause introduced by aunque. When this clause comes before the main clause, Spanish normally separates it with a comma:

• Aunque no tuvo la culpa, la profesora pidió perdón...

This is similar to English:

• Although it wasn’t her fault, the teacher apologised...

If the clause came after the main statement, punctuation could be different depending on style.

In Spanish, common nouns usually need an article when they refer to a specific person or thing.

So:

• la profesora = the teacher

You would not normally say just profesora here, because it is acting as the subject of the sentence and refers to a definite person.

Spanish uses articles more often than English in many contexts.

Yes. In Spain, pedir perdón is very common and natural. It can be used in everyday speech as well as in more serious situations.

Other common ways to apologise in Spain include:

• perdón
• lo siento
• disculpa / disculpe
• pedir disculpas
• disculparse

So pidió perdón sounds perfectly normal in Peninsular Spanish.

Yes, that is a very natural alternative.

• Aunque no tuvo la culpa...
• Aunque no fue culpa suya...

Both mean that she was not to blame.

There is a slight structural difference:

• no tuvo la culpa = she did not have the blame / she was not at fault
• no fue culpa suya = it was not her fault

Both are common, and neither sounds strange.