На дачу я беру шорты, лёгкую майку и синюю кепку, потому что там жарко с утра.

Because Russian uses на with some destinations idiomatically, and дача is one of them.

• на дачу = to the dacha / to the country house
• на работу = to work
• на почту = to the post office

So even though English uses to, Russian may choose either в or на depending on the noun.

Here:

• на дачу means movement toward the dacha
• that is why дачу is in the accusative case

If you were talking about location instead of movement, it would be:

• на даче = at the dacha

So the pair is:

• на дачу — motion to
• на даче — location at

Дачу is accusative singular.

The dictionary form is:

• дача = dacha, country house

For many feminine nouns ending in -а, the accusative singular changes:

• дача → дачу
• майка → майку
• кепка → кепку

It changes because the sentence expresses direction after на:

• На дачу = to the dacha

So the ending -у is just the regular accusative singular ending for this type of feminine noun.

Russian often uses the present tense to talk about:

• habitual actions
• near future
• planned actions
• what someone is taking in a specific situation

So я беру can mean:

• I take
• I am taking
• I’m going to take

depending on context.

In this sentence, it sounds natural as a present-tense statement about a current plan:

• На дачу я беру... = I’m taking ... to the dacha

Russian does this very often where English might prefer I’m taking or I’ll take.

Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

Both are possible:

• На дачу я беру шорты...
• Я беру шорты... на дачу

The version in your sentence puts На дачу first to set the scene or topic:

• As for the dacha / For the trip to the dacha, I’m taking...

This fronting can give a slight emphasis like:

• To the dacha, I’m taking shorts, a light tank top, and a blue cap

A more neutral, straightforward order would often be:

• Я беру на дачу шорты, лёгкую майку и синюю кепку.

So the original order is not strange; it just highlights the destination first.

Because they agree with the nouns they describe in:

• gender
• number
• case

Here:

• майка is feminine singular
• кепка is feminine singular
• both are in the accusative singular

So:

• лёгкая майка → лёгкую майку
• синяя кепка → синюю кепку

This is normal adjective agreement.

A useful pattern:

For many feminine singular adjectives, nominative -ая / -яя becomes accusative -ую / -юю:

• лёгкая → лёгкую
• синяя → синюю

Because шорты is a plural-only noun in Russian.

The dictionary form is already plural:

• шорты = shorts

In this sentence, it is in the accusative plural, but because it is inanimate, the accusative plural looks the same as the nominative plural:

• nominative: шорты
• accusative: шорты

So it may look unchanged, but it is still functioning grammatically as the direct object.

This is very common with inanimate plural nouns in Russian.

Not exactly.

• майка usually means a tank top, undershirt, or sleeveless top
• футболка means a T-shirt

So лёгкую майку suggests something light and sleeveless, which fits the idea that it is hot.

That is probably why майка was chosen instead of футболка.

Because Russian usually uses жарко for talking about weather, temperature, or general conditions.

• жарко = it is hot
• холодно = it is cold
• тепло = it is warm

These are not regular adjectives here; they are predicative words used in impersonal expressions.

So:

• там жарко = it’s hot there

You would use жаркий / жаркая / жаркое as an adjective before a noun:

• жаркий день = a hot day
• жаркая погода = hot weather

But when saying it is hot, Russian normally says:

• жарко

In Russian, the verb to be is usually omitted in the present tense.

English says:

• It is hot there

Russian says:

• Там жарко

There is no present-tense form of to be used in normal sentences like this.

Compare:

• Он студент. = He is a student.
• Дома тихо. = It is quiet at home.
• Там жарко. = It is hot there.

In past or future, forms of быть do appear:

• Там было жарко. = It was hot there.
• Там будет жарко. = It will be hot there.

С утра means something like:

• since the morning
• from early morning
• already in the morning

In this sentence:

• там жарко с утра

the idea is that the heat starts early and continues from the morning onward.

It is not just a simple in the morning in a neutral sense. It suggests:

• It’s hot there from the morning on
• It gets hot there early in the day

So с утра often gives a feeling of starting early.

Yes, but the nuance changes.

• утром = in the morning
• с утра = from the morning / since early morning / already in the morning

Compare:

• Там жарко утром. = It’s hot in the morning.
• Там жарко с утра. = It’s hot from early morning onward.

So с утра feels stronger and better matches the idea that the speaker needs light clothes because the heat starts early.

Yes, потому что is the standard way to say because.

In your sentence:

• ..., потому что там жарко с утра.
• ..., because it’s hot there from the morning on.

It introduces the reason.

A few useful points:

1. Потому что is very common in everyday speech.
2. It usually introduces a full clause.
3. The verb or predicate in the clause stays in normal Russian order.

For example:

• Я иду домой, потому что устал. = I’m going home because I’m tired.
• Мы открыли окно, потому что было жарко. = We opened the window because it was hot.

Russian list punctuation and structure are very similar to English here.

The sentence has three things:

• шорты
• лёгкую майку
• синюю кепку

Russian commonly places и only before the last item, just like English:

• shorts, a light tank top, and a blue cap

So:

• шорты, лёгкую майку и синюю кепку

is exactly what you would expect.

Yes.

The word лёгкую contains ё, which is pronounced roughly like yo:

• лёгкую ≈ LYOHG-ku-yu

A few notes:

• ё is a separate letter from е
• it is often pronounced distinctly
• in printed Russian, ё is sometimes written as е, but the pronunciation is still understood from context

So you may sometimes see:

• легкую

but it still means and is pronounced:

• лёгкую

Yes, in context it can feel very close to I’m packing or I’m taking with me.

The basic meaning of брать / беру is to take, but when talking about clothes for a trip, it often naturally means:

• I’m taking along
• I’m bringing
• I’m packing

So in this sentence, я беру шорты... is not just the physical act of grabbing them; it means these are the clothes the speaker is choosing to bring to the dacha.