После работы мне нечего делать на улице в такую погоду, и я остаюсь дома.

После is a preposition that takes the genitive case.

• работа = work
• работы = genitive singular of работа

So после работы means after work or after finishing work.

This is a very common impersonal Russian structure.

• мне = to me / for me
• нечего делать = nothing to do

So literally it is something like To me, there is nothing to do.

Russian often uses the dative case for the person affected in this kind of sentence:

• мне нечего делать = I have nothing to do
• мне некуда идти = I have nowhere to go
• мне некому звонить = I have no one to call

So Russian does not need я in the first clause.

In this pattern, нечего means there is nothing to... or nothing to be done.

It is commonly used with an infinitive:

• нечего делать = nothing to do
• нечего сказать = nothing to say
• нечего ждать = no point in waiting / nothing to wait for, depending on context

So мне нечего делать means I have nothing to do.

They are related, but they are not used the same way.

• ничего usually means nothing as an object:
  • Я ничего не вижу = I see nothing
• нечего is used in constructions like nothing to do / nothing to say / nowhere to go:
  • Мне нечего делать
  • Ему нечего ответить

So in this sentence, ничего would not work naturally in place of нечего.

Because нечего normally goes with an infinitive that tells you what action is impossible, unnecessary, or unavailable.

So:

• нечего делать = nothing to do
• нечего читать = nothing to read
• нечего обсуждать = nothing to discuss

Russian does not use a finite verb here. You would not say something like мне нечего делаю.

Because на улице is the normal Russian expression for outside or out on the street.

• на улице = outside / outdoors / on the street

Using в улице would be wrong here.

This is just one of those place expressions you need to learn as a unit:

• на улице = outside
• на работе = at work
• на кухне = in the kitchen is actually на? No, that one is в кухне? Also no: normally на кухне is correct. Russian place prepositions are often idiomatic.

В такую погоду is a very common expression meaning in weather like this or in such weather.

Here:

• погода is feminine
• такую is the feminine accusative singular form of такой

This is one of the standard patterns for time or circumstances:

• в такой ситуации = in such a situation
• в такое время = at such a time
• в такую погоду = in such weather

Both are possible in some contexts, but they are not exactly the same.

• эту погоду = this specific weather
• такую погоду = weather like this / such weather

In this sentence, такую погоду sounds more natural because the speaker is talking about the type or quality of weather, not just pointing to a specific instance.

Yes, при такой погоде is possible.

It means roughly in such weather or under such weather conditions.

But there is a small difference in style:

• в такую погоду = the most natural everyday phrasing here
• при такой погоде = a bit more formal or bookish

So the original version is the most neutral and natural for everyday speech.

Остаюсь is the present tense of the imperfective verb оставаться.

It can mean:

• I stay
• I am staying
• I tend to stay, depending on context

Here it fits well because the sentence describes what the speaker does in this situation.

By contrast:

• останусь is future, from the perfective verb остаться
• я останусь дома = I will stay home

So the choice depends on whether you want a present/general meaning or a future one.

Because the Russian verb meaning to stay or to remain is normally оставаться / остаться with -ся.

Compare:

• оставаться / остаться = to remain, to stay
• оставлять / оставить = to leave something, to leave behind

So:

• я остаюсь дома = I stay home
• я оставляю сумку дома = I leave the bag at home

The -ся is essential here.

Because дома is the normal adverb meaning at home.

• дома = at home
• в доме = in the house / in the building

So:

• я остаюсь дома = I stay home
• я нахожусь в доме = I am inside the house

A useful extra note: without stress marks, дома can also be the plural of house. But they are pronounced differently:

• до́ма = at home
• дома́ = houses

Russian word order is flexible, but it changes focus and emphasis.

This sentence starts with После работы to set the time frame first. Then it gives the reason, and then the result:

• after work
• I have nothing to do outside in this weather
• so I stay home

That order sounds natural and well-organized. Other orders are possible, but they may sound less neutral or emphasize different parts.

Because и is joining two separate clauses, each with its own grammatical center:

1. мне нечего делать
2. я остаюсь дома

In Russian, when и connects two independent clauses like this, a comma is usually needed.

Literally, yes: и means and.

But in this sentence it also has a slight result feeling, almost like so in English:

• I have nothing to do outside in this weather, so I stay home.

Russian often uses и in places where English might prefer a more explicitly logical connector such as so or therefore.

It can mean either, depending on context.

In this sentence, на улице most naturally means outside / outdoors.

So the idea is not necessarily that the speaker is standing on a street; it is simply that there is no reason to be out in that weather.

Yes. A native speaker might say similar things in different ways, for example:

• После работы в такую погоду я остаюсь дома.
• После работы мне в такую погоду нечего делать на улице.
• В такую погоду после работы я сижу дома.

But the original sentence is perfectly natural and grammatically good. It just sounds a little more fully spelled out.