O pacote de dados tem uma franquia de dados.

Here franquia means your data allowance / data cap — the amount of mobile data included before speeds are reduced or extra charges may apply.

This is a very common Brazilian telecom use of franquia.

Important: this is not the same meaning as franchise in fast-food franchise or business franchise.

Examples:

• franquia de 10 GB = a 10 GB data allowance
• ultrapassar a franquia = to go over the data limit
• consumir a franquia = to use up the allowance

Because both nouns are being specified:

• pacote de dados = data package
• franquia de dados = data allowance

So the structure is:

• O pacote → what kind of package? de dados
• uma franquia → what kind of allowance? de dados

This repetition is grammatically fine, but it can sound a little repetitive in isolation. In real-world Portuguese, people often make it more specific:

• O pacote de dados tem uma franquia de 20 GB.
• Esse plano tem 20 GB de franquia.
• O pacote inclui 20 GB de dados.

So the sentence is understandable, but in everyday use it often sounds more natural with an amount.

Tem is the 3rd person singular of ter, which means to have.

• O pacote de dados tem... = The data package has...

This is the most natural everyday verb here.

You could also see:

• possui = possesses / has

For example:

• O pacote de dados possui uma franquia de 20 GB.

But tem is much more common and natural in normal conversation.

Because franquia is a feminine noun in Portuguese.

So it takes:

• uma franquia
• a franquia

not:

• um franquia
• o franquia

This is grammatical gender, not biological gender. It is simply a property of the noun.

In Portuguese, dados is normally used as the equivalent of data in the tech/internet sense.

So:

• dados móveis = mobile data
• pacote de dados = data package
• consumo de dados = data usage

The singular dado exists, but it usually means a piece of data or a datum, which is much less common in everyday speech.

So in this sentence, the plural dados is the normal choice.

Here de links nouns and works a lot like of in English.

• pacote de dados = package of data / data package
• franquia de dados = allowance of data / data allowance

Portuguese often uses noun + de + noun where English often prefers noun + noun.

For example:

• cartão de crédito = credit card
• plano de saúde = health plan
• limite de velocidade = speed limit

So this pattern is extremely common.

They are close, but not always exactly the same.

• pacote de dados usually focuses on the bundle/package of data
• plano de dados usually focuses on the service plan

In many real situations, people may use them almost interchangeably, depending on context.

Examples:

• Comprei um pacote de dados para viajar.
  This sounds like a specific data bundle.

• Meu plano de dados acabou.
  This sounds like part of your regular phone plan.

So the difference is more about emphasis than strict grammar.

Yes, it is understandable and grammatically correct, but it sounds a bit incomplete or repetitive on its own.

A Brazilian speaker would often say something more specific, such as:

• O pacote de dados tem uma franquia de 15 GB.
• Esse pacote inclui 15 GB de dados.
• O plano tem franquia de 15 GB.

Why? Because franquia usually makes people expect a number or limit.

So the original sentence is fine for learning, but in real life a more detailed version is more natural.

Yes. Franquia has several meanings depending on the context.

Common ones include:

• business franchise
  uma franquia de restaurantes

• insurance deductible / excess
  franquia do seguro

• telecom allowance / cap
  franquia de dados

So this is a good example of a word whose meaning depends strongly on context.

O is the masculine singular definite article, meaning the.

It matches pacote, which is a masculine noun:

• o pacote

So:

• O pacote de dados = The data package

If the noun were feminine, you would use a:

• a franquia

That is why the sentence has:

• o pacote
• uma franquia

A few natural alternatives are:

• Esse pacote tem 10 GB de franquia.
• O plano inclui 10 GB de dados.
• Você tem uma franquia de 10 GB nesse plano.
• Esse pacote vem com 10 GB de internet.

In casual speech, people may even say internet when they really mean mobile data:

• Meu pacote tem pouca internet.

That is less technical, but very common in conversation.