Po treningu przykleiłam plaster na palec, bo nie chciałam znowu ubrudzić bandażu.

Those forms show that the speaker is female.

In the Polish past tense, the verb agrees with the speaker’s gender in the singular:

• przykleiłam, chciałam = I (female)
• przykleiłem, chciałem = I (male)

So a male speaker would say:

Po treningu przykleiłem plaster na palec, bo nie chciałem znowu ubrudzić bandażu.

No. In this sentence, plaster means an adhesive bandage, like a Band-Aid or sticking plaster in British English.

So this is a classic false friend for many English speakers:

• Polish plaster = Band-Aid / sticking plaster
• English plaster = wall plaster, cast material, etc.

After po in the sense of after, Polish uses the locative case.

So:

• trening = base form
• po treningu = after training

For this noun, the locative singular happens to look the same as the genitive singular: treningu. Even though the form is the same, the case here is locative, because it is required by po.

Because Polish distinguishes between:

• movement/placement onto something → na + accusative
• location on something → na + locative

Here, the action is putting/sticking the plaster onto the finger, so Polish uses na palec.

Compare:

• przykleiłam plaster na palec = I stuck a plaster onto my finger
• plaster jest na palcu = the plaster is on my finger

So na palec focuses on the action of placing it there.

Yes, przykleić literally means to stick/glue something onto something.

That is why it works naturally with plaster, since an adhesive bandage is something you physically stick onto the skin.

So:

• przykleić plaster = to stick on / apply a plaster

In English we often say put on a bandage or put a Band-Aid on, but Polish commonly uses przykleić for this kind of action.

They are related, but not the same thing.

• plaster = adhesive bandage / Band-Aid
• bandaż = bandage, usually a wrap or strip of material

So the sentence mentions two different medical items.

A learner may notice that in English these ideas can overlap, but in Polish the words are normally kept separate.

Yes. Bo means because and is very common in everyday Polish.

You could also say ponieważ, which is a bit more formal or bookish:

• bo nie chciałam... = because I didn’t want...
• ponieważ nie chciałam... = because I didn’t want...

In normal conversation, bo is usually the most natural choice.

This is a very common Polish pattern:

• chcieć + infinitive = to want to do something
• nie chcieć + infinitive = to not want to do something

So:

• chciałam ubrudzić = I wanted to dirty
• nie chciałam ubrudzić = I didn’t want to dirty

Here:

• nie chciałam = I did not want
• ubrudzić = to dirty / stain / make dirty

So the sentence literally follows the structure:

I did not want to dirty the bandage again.

Because ubrudzić is perfective, and it refers to a single completed result: making something dirty.

• brudzić = imperfective, to dirty / to be dirtying / to dirty repeatedly
• ubrudzić = perfective, to dirty once, to get something dirty

In this sentence, the speaker means she did not want one new instance of dirtying the bandage again. That is why ubrudzić fits well.

Compare:

• nie chciałam ubrudzić bandażu = I didn’t want to get the bandage dirty
• nie chciałam brudzić bandażu = I didn’t want to keep dirtying / be dirtying the bandage

This is because Polish often uses the genitive for the direct object in negative constructions.

Here the negative idea is:

• nie chciałam ubrudzić... = I didn’t want to dirty...

So instead of expected accusative bandaż, Polish commonly uses genitive:

• bandażu

This is a very important Polish pattern to get used to:

• positive: often accusative
• negative: often genitive

So learners should notice that bandażu here is not random; it is linked to the negation.

Znowu means again.

So:

• nie chciałam znowu ubrudzić bandażu = I didn’t want to dirty the bandage again

It suggests that the bandage had already gotten dirty before, and the speaker wanted to avoid that happening one more time.

Yes, Polish word order is fairly flexible.

This sentence starts with Po treningu to set the time first:

• Po treningu przykleiłam plaster na palec, bo nie chciałam znowu ubrudzić bandażu.

That sounds very natural. But other orders are also possible, depending on emphasis.

For example:

• Przykleiłam po treningu plaster na palec...
• Plaster przykleiłam na palec po treningu...

These alternatives are grammatical, but they may sound less neutral or put stress on different parts of the sentence.

The original version is a very normal, natural way to say it.

Yes, that would also be natural.

• przykleiłam plaster na palec = I stuck a plaster on my finger
• przykleiłam sobie plaster na palec = I stuck myself a plaster on my finger / I put a plaster on my finger

The word sobie often adds the sense that the action is done for oneself or to one’s own benefit/body. In English we usually do not translate it directly.

In this sentence, sobie is optional. Without it, the sentence is still completely correct and natural.