kyou ha taion ha hutuu desu ga, nodo ga sukosi itai node, hayame ni nemasu.

Japanese can have more than one topic marker when the sentence is setting up a bigger topic and then a smaller subtopic inside it.

• 今日は = as for today / today
• 体温は = as for my temperature

So the sentence is organized like: As for today, as for my temperature, it’s normal...

This sounds natural in Japanese. The first は gives the time frame, and the second は highlights body temperature as one aspect being discussed.

This is a very common question.

• 体温は uses は because body temperature is being presented as a topic or contrastive point: As for my temperature, it’s normal.
• 喉が uses が because with expressions like 痛い, the body part that feels painful is often marked with が.

So:

• 体温は普通です = My temperature is normal
• 喉が少し痛い = My throat hurts a little / I have a slight sore throat

There is also a contrastive nuance: My temperature is normal, but my throat hurts a little.

Because 痛い is an i-adjective, not a verb that takes a direct object.

In English, we say my throat hurts, and in Japanese that painful body part is usually marked with が:

• 頭が痛い = My head hurts
• お腹が痛い = My stomach hurts
• 喉が痛い = My throat hurts

Using を here would be unnatural.

Yes, very literally it is something like the throat is a little painful. But Japanese often leaves out possession when it is obvious from context.

So 喉が少し痛い naturally means:

• My throat hurts a little
• I have a slight sore throat

The listener automatically understands that it is the speaker’s throat.

In Japanese, 痛い is an i-adjective meaning painful / sore.

So instead of using a verb like to hurt, Japanese often uses an adjective:

• 喉が痛い = My throat is sore / hurts
• 足が痛い = My leg hurts

This is normal Japanese grammar, even if it feels different from English.

少し means a little / slightly. It modifies 痛い.

So:

• 喉が痛い = My throat hurts
• 喉が少し痛い = My throat hurts a little

It softens the statement and shows the pain is not severe.

が can connect two clauses and often means but.

Here:

• 体温は普通です = My temperature is normal
• が = but
• 喉が少し痛いので... = because my throat hurts a little...

So ですが is a polite way to say but after a です sentence.

It gives this structure:

My temperature is normal, but...

They do different jobs:

• が = connects two ideas, often but
• ので = gives a reason, often because / so

So the sentence flows like this:

1. My temperature is normal, but...
2. because my throat hurts a little...
3. I’ll go to bed early.

In other words, が contrasts, and ので explains the reason for the final action.

Both can mean because, but ので sounds a bit softer, more explanatory, and often a little more polite or less blunt than から.

• 喉が少し痛いので、早めに寝ます。
• 喉が少し痛いから、早めに寝ます。

Both are understandable, but ので fits well in a calm, polite explanation like this.

Because with i-adjectives, ので normally attaches to the plain form:

• 痛いので = correct
• 痛いですので = not standard in normal grammar

So even though the whole sentence is polite overall, the adjective before ので stays in its plain form.

This is very common in Japanese: a sentence can be polite overall even if a clause before ので uses the plain form.

早め means on the early side / somewhat early / earlier than usual.

So 早めに寝ます means:

• I’ll go to bed a bit early
• I’ll go to bed earlier than usual
• I’ll turn in early

Compared with 早く寝ます, 早めに寝ます can sound slightly softer and more relative to the speaker’s usual schedule.

Because 早め is being used adverbially here, and に marks that usage.

So:

• 早め = early side / somewhat early
• 早めに = early / earlier than usual as an adverb modifying 寝ます

This is similar to how many na-adjective-like or noun-like words become adverbs with に.

Yes. 早く寝ます is also natural.

The difference is mainly nuance:

• 早く寝ます = I’ll go to bed early
• 早めに寝ます = I’ll go to bed a little earlier than usual / on the early side

So 早めに sounds a bit softer and more measured.

Yes, 体温は普通です is understandable and natural enough in everyday speech.

But 平熱です is often more specific and very common when talking about body temperature:

• 体温は普通です = My temperature is normal
• 平熱です = I have a normal temperature / It’s my usual temperature

So 平熱です may sound a little more idiomatic in medical or health-related contexts, but the sentence you have is still fine.

It is omitted, which is very normal in Japanese.

From context, the listener understands that:

• it is my temperature
• my throat hurts
• I will go to bed early

Japanese often leaves out subjects and possessives when they are obvious.

No. Standard Japanese is normally written without spaces between words.

So it would usually appear like this:

今日は体温は普通ですが、喉が少し痛いので、早めに寝ます。

The spaced version is just for learners, to make the structure easier to see.