Mijn vinger is nog gevoelig, dus ik schrijf vandaag langzaam.

In Dutch, a possessive like mijn already determines the noun, so you normally do not add an article.

• mijn vinger = my finger
• not de mijn vinger
• not een mijn vinger

This works just like English:

• my finger
• your hand
• his book

So mijn vinger is the normal form.

Here, nog means something like still.

So:

• Mijn vinger is nog gevoelig = My finger is still sensitive / still sore / still tender

It suggests that the finger was already sensitive before, and that condition continues now.

Common meanings of nog include:

• still → Ik ben nog moe = I am still tired
• yet → Ben je nog niet klaar? = Aren’t you ready yet?
• another / one more → Nog een koffie, alstublieft = One more coffee, please

In this sentence, still is the right idea.

Gevoelig literally means sensitive, but in a sentence like this it often means:

• tender
• sore
• sensitive to touch

So if someone says Mijn vinger is nog gevoelig, they usually mean the finger hurts a bit, or is not fully recovered.

The word can also be used in other ways:

• gevoelige huid = sensitive skin
• een gevoelig onderwerp = a sensitive topic
• hij is erg gevoelig = he is very sensitive / emotional

So the exact English translation depends on context.

Because gevoelig comes after the verb is and describes the subject. In that position, Dutch adjectives normally stay in their basic form.

Structure:

• Mijn vinger = subject
• is = verb
• gevoelig = adjective complement

Compare:

• De vinger is gevoelig
• Mijn hand is koud
• Het boek is interessant

But before a noun, adjectives often do take an -e:

• de gevoelige vinger
• een koude hand
• het interessante boek

So:

• is gevoelig → no extra ending
• de gevoelige vinger → adjective before noun, so usually -e

This is a very common learner question. In modern Dutch, dus is usually treated as an adverb, not a coordinating conjunction like English so.

That means it often behaves like this:

• Mijn vinger is nog gevoelig, dus ik schrijf vandaag langzaam.

Here, the clause after dus keeps normal main-clause word order:

• ik = subject
• schrijf = finite verb

So this is very natural Dutch.

You may also sometimes see or hear:

• Dus schrijf ik vandaag langzaam.

That can happen when dus is placed at the beginning of the clause and takes the first position, causing inversion. But in your sentence, with ..., dus ik schrijf ..., the version given is perfectly normal and very common.

Yes, often you can, but the word order changes.

• ..., dus ik schrijf vandaag langzaam.
• ..., daarom schrijf ik vandaag langzaam.

Why the change? Because daarom typically takes the first position in the clause, so the verb comes before the subject:

• Daarom schrijf ik ...
• not usually Daarom ik schrijf ...

Very roughly:

• dus = so
• daarom = that’s why / therefore

Both can fit the meaning, but the grammar is slightly different.

This is about adverb order. In Dutch, adverbs of time often come before adverbs of manner.

So:

• ik schrijf vandaag langzaam
• literally: I write today slowly

This sounds natural in Dutch.

A useful pattern is:

• subject + verb + time + manner

For example:

• Ik werk morgen thuis.
• Zij rijdt vandaag voorzichtig.
• Wij eten vanavond snel.

That said, Dutch word order with adverbs is somewhat flexible, and other orders can be possible depending on emphasis. But vandaag langzaam is a normal neutral order here.

Because ik schrijf is the present tense form for I write / I am writing.

The infinitive is:

• schrijven = to write

The present tense forms are:

• ik schrijf
• jij schrijft
• hij/zij/het schrijft
• wij schrijven
• jullie schrijven
• zij schrijven

So in this sentence, ik schrijf is the correct conjugated form.

This is part of the verb’s normal conjugation pattern. The infinitive is schrijven, and the stem used in the singular present is schrijf-.

So:

• schrijven → stem schrijf
• ik schrijf
• jij schrijft

This kind of vowel pattern is something you mostly have to learn as part of the verb. Dutch spelling preserves the sound pattern of the word, so the stem is not formed by simply chopping off -en and leaving schrijv.

It is similar to other verbs where the stem is not completely obvious to an English learner:

• blijven → ik blijf
• kijken → ik kijk
• lopen → ik loop

So schrijf is just the correct stem form of schrijven.

It can mean either, depending on context. Dutch simple present often covers both ideas.

So:

• ik schrijf vandaag langzaam

can mean:

• I write slowly today
• I am writing slowly today

In this sentence, because of vandaag, many English speakers would naturally translate it as I’m writing slowly today, but Dutch does not need a separate continuous form the way English often does.

Dutch does have a progressive construction, for example:

• Ik ben langzaam aan het schrijven.

But that is not necessary here.

Yes, langzaam is the normal word for slow / slowly.

Dutch often uses the same form for the adjective and the adverb:

• een langzame auto = a slow car
• de auto rijdt langzaam = the car drives slowly

So in your sentence:

• ik schrijf vandaag langzaam = I write/am writing slowly today

That is completely natural.

Because the sentence contains two main clauses:

• Mijn vinger is nog gevoelig
• dus ik schrijf vandaag langzaam

In Dutch, a comma before dus is very common when it links two full clauses, especially in writing. It helps show the pause and the logical connection.

So the punctuation in the sentence is standard and natural.

Grammatically, yes, you could replace it with another noun:

• Mijn hand is nog gevoelig
• Mijn pols is nog gevoelig
• Mijn arm is nog gevoelig

But vinger is especially logical with schrijven, because a finger problem directly explains why someone writes slowly.

So the sentence is natural both grammatically and in meaning:

• sensitive finger → slower writing

It can be both.

In this sentence, it is physical:

• Mijn vinger is nog gevoelig = the finger is tender/sore/sensitive

But Dutch also uses gevoelig for emotional or abstract meanings:

• Hij is gevoelig = He is sensitive
• Dat is een gevoelig onderwerp = That is a sensitive topic

So gevoelig is a broad word, and context tells you what kind of sensitivity is meant.