Moje babička nechce být doma bez nich.

Because moje has to agree with babička, and babička is a feminine singular noun.

• můj = my, masculine singular
• moje = my, feminine singular / neuter plural-like form used here

So:

• můj dědeček = my grandfather
• moje babička = my grandmother

The possessive adjective agrees with the thing possessed, not with the speaker.

Babička is in the nominative singular because it is the subject of the sentence.

It is the person doing the action:

• Moje babička = my grandmother
• nechce být doma bez nich = does not want to be at home without them

Also, babička is a very common everyday word for grandmother / grandma.

Nechce means does not want.

It comes from the verb chtít = to want.

Present tense of chtít:

• chci = I want
• chceš = you want
• chce = he/she/it wants

With negation, Czech adds ne-:

• nechci = I do not want
• nechceš = you do not want
• nechce = he/she/it does not want

So babička nechce = grandmother does not want.

Because after nechce (doesn’t want), Czech uses an infinitive, just like English does after want.

• chce být = wants to be
• nechce být = does not want to be

So:

• Nechce být doma = She does not want to be at home.

Czech does not need a separate word for English to here. The infinitive být already does that job.

Because doma means at home — it expresses location, not movement.

• doma = at home
• domů = homeward / to home

Compare:

• Je doma. = He/She is at home.
• Jde domů. = He/She is going home.

In your sentence, the grandmother does not want to be at home, so doma is the correct form.

Ních is the genitive plural form of the pronoun oni / ony / ona (they), used here because the preposition bez always takes the genitive.

So:

• bez = without
• bez nich = without them

This is one of the most important things to remember: Czech prepositions often require specific cases, and bez always requires the genitive.

Because je is not the form used after bez.

The preposition bez requires the genitive, and the pronoun must match that case:

• nominative: oni / ony / ona = they
• accusative: je = them
• genitive: jich / nich = of them / them after certain prepositions

Since bez needs genitive, you get:

• bez nich = without them

So bez je is incorrect.

This happens very often with Czech personal pronouns after prepositions.

Without a preposition, you may see forms like:

• jich

After a preposition, Czech commonly adds n-:

• bez nich
• pro ně
• k nim
• o nich

So the n- is a normal pronoun feature after prepositions. Learners often just memorize these as the standard prepositional forms.

Grammatically, nich means them, but by itself it does not tell you exactly who or what they are. You need context.

It can refer to:

• people
• animals
• things

The sentence only says that the grandmother does not want to be at home without them. The listener or reader is expected to know who them refers to from earlier context.

No, Czech word order is fairly flexible. The sentence

• Moje babička nechce být doma bez nich.

is a normal, neutral way to say it.

But Czech can move parts around for emphasis or style, for example:

• Bez nich moje babička nechce být doma.
• Doma moje babička bez nich být nechce.

These versions still mean roughly the same thing, but the emphasis changes:

• bez nich first emphasizes without them
• doma first emphasizes at home

So the original sentence is the most straightforward neutral version.

Yes, it could, depending on context.

• Babička nechce být doma bez nich. = Grandma does not want to be at home without them.

Czech often leaves out words that are already clear from context. But moje babička is perfectly natural if the speaker wants to specify my grandmother.

So:

• moje babička = explicit, clear
• babička = more context-dependent

Yes. It is a very common pattern:

[subject] + nechce + infinitive + place/other details

For example:

• Nechci jít ven. = I don’t want to go outside.
• Nechce čekat. = He/She doesn’t want to wait.
• Nechceme tam být. = We don’t want to be there.

Your sentence follows exactly this pattern:

• Moje babička = subject
• nechce = doesn’t want
• být = to be
• doma = at home
• bez nich = without them

So it is a very natural and useful structure to learn.