Poslije raspusta učenici će dobiti svjedodžbe, pa su već sada nervozni.

Because poslije means after and it normally takes the genitive case.

• basic form: raspust = school break / holidays
• after poslije: raspusta = after the break

So:

• poslije raspusta = after the holidays / after the school break

Učenici is nominative plural because it is the subject of the sentence: the students are the ones who will receive something.

Its basic singular form is:

• učenik = student / pupil

Plural:

• učenici = students

So in this sentence, učenici is the group doing the action of će dobiti.

This is the normal way to form the future tense in Croatian:

• će = auxiliary for he/she/it/they will
• dobiti = infinitive, to receive / to get

Together:

• učenici će dobiti = the students will receive

A useful detail: će is the same form for both he/she/it will and they will, so the subject tells you whether it is singular or plural.

Dobiti is a perfective verb, and that fits well here because the sentence talks about a single completed future event: the students will receive their report cards at some point after the break.

Croatian often prefers a perfective verb in this kind of future statement:

• dobiti = to receive, to get (as a completed event)

An imperfective verb would suggest an ongoing or repeated process, which is not the idea here.

Here svjedodžbe is in the accusative plural because it is the direct object of dobiti: it is the thing the students will receive.

Basic form:

• svjedodžba = report card / certificate

Plural:

• svjedodžbe

For this kind of feminine noun, the nominative plural and accusative plural look the same, so the form svjedodžbe can serve both functions.

In a school context, svjedodžbe usually means report cards or school certificates.

Depending on the educational system and translation choice, English might use:

• report cards
• school reports
• certificates

In this sentence, the school meaning is the natural one.

Here pa connects the two clauses and means something like:

• so
• and so
• which is why

So the logic is:

• After the break, the students will receive their report cards, so they are already nervous now.

It is a very common Croatian connector and often sounds natural in everyday language.

Because it describes their current state.

The report cards will come later, but the nervousness exists already now. So Croatian uses the present tense:

• su nervozni = they are nervous

This is exactly like English:

• They will get their report cards later, so they are already nervous now.

So the future event causes a present emotional reaction.

Već sada means already now or already at this point.

It adds emphasis:

• they are not only going to be nervous later
• they are already nervous now

So it highlights anticipation.

Because nervozni agrees with učenici, which is masculine plural.

In Croatian, predicate adjectives agree with the subject in gender and number:

• učenici su nervozni = male students / mixed group are nervous
• učenice su nervozne = female students are nervous

So if the group is mixed or grammatically masculine, nervozni is correct.

Yes. Croatian word order is more flexible than English word order, and different orders can sound more or less natural depending on emphasis.

This sentence is very natural as written:

• Poslije raspusta učenici će dobiti svjedodžbe, pa su već sada nervozni.

But Croatian can often move parts around for focus, for example to emphasize after the break or the students.

Even so, the original version is a good neutral sentence for a learner to model.